サマリウム
(Samarium から転送)
出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 (2024/04/01 17:49 UTC 版)
サマリウム(英: samarium [səˈmɛəriəm])は原子番号62の元素。元素記号は Sm。希土類元素の一つ(ランタノイドにも属す)。
- ^ “Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds”. in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition. CRC press. 2004年3月24日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2015年9月8日閲覧。
- ^ William M. Haynes (2013). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. CRC Press. p. 4-86. ISBN 9781466571150
- ^ a b c d Shi, N; Fort, D (1985). “Preparation of samarium in the double hexagonal close packed form”. Journal of the Less Common Metals 113 (2): 21. doi:10.1016/0022-5088(85)90294-2.
- ^ Lock, J M (1957). “The Magnetic Susceptibilities of Lanthanum, Cerium, Praseodymium, Neodymium and Samarium, from 1.5 K to 300 K”. Proceedings of the Physical Society. Section B 70 (6): 566. Bibcode: 1957PPSB...70..566L. doi:10.1088/0370-1301/70/6/304.
- ^ Huray, P; Nave, S; Haire, R (1983). “Magnetism of the heavy 5f elements”. Journal of the Less Common Metals 93 (2): 293. doi:10.1016/0022-5088(83)90175-3.
- ^ Okazaki, T; Suenaga, Kazutomo; Hirahara, Kaori; Bandow, Shunji; Iijima, Sumio; Shinohara, Hisanori (2002). “Electronic and geometric structures of metallofullerene peapods”. Physica B 323: 97. Bibcode: 2002PhyB..323...97O. doi:10.1016/S0921-4526(02)00991-2.
- ^ Chen, X.; Roth, G. (1995). “Superconductivity at 8 K in samarium-doped C60”. Physical Review B 52 (21): 15534. Bibcode: 1995PhRvB..5215534C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.52.15534.
- ^ Wu, G. et al. (2008). “Superconductivity at 56 K in Samarium-doped SrFeAsF”. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 21 (14): 142203. arXiv:0811.0761. Bibcode: 2009JPCM...21n2203W. doi:10.1088/0953-8984/21/14/142203.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Emsley, John (2001). “Samarium”. Nature's Building Blocks: An A–Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford, England, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 371–374. ISBN 0-19-850340-7
- ^ a b c d e f C. R. Hammond. “The Elements”. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition. CRC press. ISBN 0-8493-0485-7
- ^ “製品安全データシート Samarium”. フルウチ化学. 2015年9月7日閲覧。
- ^ a b “Chemical reactions of Samarium”. Webelements. 2009年6月6日閲覧。
- ^ Greenwood, p. 1243
- ^ a b Greenwood, p. 1248
- ^ 佐々木聡 (1997). “クリスタット 原子価揺動”. 日本結晶学会誌 (日本結晶学会) 39 (1): p. 147.
- ^ “4f 多電子状態を有する希土類化合物の核磁気共鳴”. 兵庫県立大学. 2015年9月7日閲覧。
- ^ a b c d Audi, G; Bersillon, O.; Blachot, J.; Wapstra, A.H. (2003). “The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties”. Nuclear Physics A 729: 3. Bibcode: 2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001 .
- ^ Chart of the nuclides, Brookhaven National Laboratory
- ^ Holden, Norman E. "Table of the isotopes" in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.), Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press, ISBN 0-8493-0486-5
- ^ 田中剛 (1985). “Sm-Nd法による年代測定”. 地学雑誌 94 (7): pp. 113-114.
- ^ a b c Gouteron, J; Michel, D.; Lejus, A.M.; Zarembowitch, J. (1981). “Raman spectra of lanthanide sesquioxide single crystals: Correlation between A and B-type structures”. Journal of Solid State Chemistry 38 (3): 288. Bibcode: 1981JSSCh..38..288G. doi:10.1016/0022-4596(81)90058-X.
- ^ a b Taylor D. (1984). Br. Ceram. Trans. J. 83: 92–98.
- ^ a b Leger, J; Yacoubi, N; Loriers, J (1981). “Synthesis of rare earth monoxides”. Journal of Solid State Chemistry 36 (3): 261. Bibcode: 1981JSSCh..36..261L. doi:10.1016/0022-4596(81)90436-9.
- ^ Greenwood, p. 1239
- ^ Beaurepaire, Eric (Ed.) Magnetism: a synchrotron radiation approach, Springer, 2006 ISBN 3-540-33241-3 p. 393
- ^ Jayaraman, A.; Narayanamurti, V.; Bucher, E.; Maines, R. (1970). “Continuous and Discontinuous Semiconductor-Metal Transition in Samarium Monochalcogenides Under Pressure”. Physical Review Letters 25 (20): 1430. Bibcode: 1970PhRvL..25.1430J. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.25.1430.
- ^ Greenwood, pp. 1236, 1241
- ^ a b Meyer, G; Schleid, T (1986). “The metallothermic reduction of several rare-earth trichlorides with lithium and sodium”. Journal of the Less Common Metals 116: 187. doi:10.1016/0022-5088(86)90228-6.
- ^ Greenwood, p. 1240
- ^ a b c d Greis, O (1978). “Über neue Verbindungen im system SmF2_SmF3”. Journal of Solid State Chemistry 24 (2): 227. Bibcode: 1978JSSCh..24..227G. doi:10.1016/0022-4596(78)90013-0.
- ^ Baernighausen, H.; Haschke, John M. (1978). “Compositions and crystal structures of the intermediate phases in the samarium-bromine system”. Inorganic Chemistry 17: 18. doi:10.1021/ic50179a005.
- ^ Beck, H. P. (1979). “Hochdruckmodifikationen der Diiodide von Sr, Sm und Eu. Eine neue PbCl2-Variante?”. Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 459: 81. doi:10.1002/zaac.19794590108.
- ^ Beck, H. P.; Gladrow, E. (1979). “Zur Hochdruckpolymorphie der Seltenerd-Trihalogenide”. Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 453: 79. doi:10.1002/zaac.19794530610.
- ^ a b Nickerson, J.; White, R.; Lee, K.; Bachmann, R.; Geballe, T.; Hull, G. (1971). “Physical Properties of SmB6”. Physical Review B 3 (6): 2030. Bibcode: 1971PhRvB...3.2030N. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.3.2030.
- ^ a b Solovyev, G. I.; Spear, K. E. (1972). “Phase Behavior in the Sm-B System”. Journal of the American Ceramic Society 55 (9): 475. doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1972.tb11344.x.
- ^ a b Cannon, J; Cannon, D; Tracyhall, H (1977). “High pressure syntheses of SmB2 and GdB12”. Journal of the Less Common Metals 56: 83. doi:10.1016/0022-5088(77)90221-1.
- ^ Nyhus, P.; Cooper, S.; Fisk, Z.; Sarrao, J. (1995). “Light scattering from gap excitations and bound states in SmB6”. Physical Review B 52 (20): R14308. Bibcode: 1995PhRvB..5214308N. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.52.R14308.
- ^ Sera, M.; Kobayashi, S.; Hiroi, M.; Kobayashi, N.; Kunii, S. (1996). “Thermal conductivity of RB6 (R=Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd) single crystals”. Physical Review B 54 (8): R5207. Bibcode: 1996PhRvB..54.5207S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.54.R5207.
- ^ Botimer, J.; Kim; Thomas; Grant; Fisk; Jing Xia (2012). "Robust Surface Hall Effect and Nonlocal Transport in SmB6: Indication for an Ideal Topological Insulator". arXiv:1211.6769 [cond-mat.str-el]。
- ^ Zhang, Xiaohang; Butch; Syers; Ziemak; Greene; Paglione (2012). “Hybridization, Correlation, and In-Gap States in the Kondo Insulator SmB6”. Physical Review X 3 (1). arXiv:1211.5532. doi:10.1103/PhysRevX.3.011011.
- ^ Wolgast; Cagliyan Kurdak; Kai Sun; Allen; Dae-Jeong Kim; Zachary Fisk (2012). "Discovery of the First Topological Kondo Insulator: Samarium Hexaboride". arXiv:1211.5104 [cond-mat.str-el]。
- ^ a b c Spedding, F. H.; Gschneidner, K.; Daane, A. H. (1958). “The Crystal Structures of Some of the Rare Earth Carbides”. Journal of the American Chemical Society 80 (17): 4499. doi:10.1021/ja01550a017.
- ^ a b Meng, J; Ren, Yufang (1991). “Studies on the electrical properties of rare earth monophosphides”. Journal of Solid State Chemistry 95 (2): 346. Bibcode: 1991JSSCh..95..346M. doi:10.1016/0022-4596(91)90115-X.
- ^ a b Beeken, R.; Schweitzer, J. (1981). “Intermediate valence in alloys of SmSe with SmAs”. Physical Review B 23 (8): 3620. Bibcode: 1981PhRvB..23.3620B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.23.3620.
- ^ Gladyshevskii, E. I.; Kripyakevich, P. I. (1965). “Monosilicides of rare earth metals and their crystal structures”. Journal of Structural Chemistry 5 (6): 789. doi:10.1007/BF00744231.
- ^ Smith, G. S.; Tharp, A. G.; Johnson, W. (1967). “Rare earth–germanium and –silicon compounds at 5:4 and 5:3 compositions”. Acta Crystallographica 22 (6): 940. doi:10.1107/S0365110X67001902.
- ^ Yarembash E.I., Tyurin E.G., Reshchikova A.A., Karabekov A., Klinaeva N.N. (1971). Inorg. Mater. 7: 661–665.
- ^ a b c Greenwood, p. 1249
- ^ Evans, William J.; Hughes, Laura A.; Hanusa, Timothy P. (1986). “Synthesis and x-ray crystal structure of bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) complexes of samarium and europium: (C5Me5)2Sm and (C5Me5)2Eu”. Organometallics 5 (7): 1285. doi:10.1021/om00138a001.
- ^ Vohra, Y; Akella, Jagannadham; Weir, Sam; Smith, Gordon S. (1991). “A new ultra-high pressure phase in samarium”. Physics Letters A 158: 89. Bibcode: 1991PhLA..158...89V. doi:10.1016/0375-9601(91)90346-A.
- ^ Daou, J; Vajda, P; Burger, J (1989). “Low temperature thermal expansion in SmH2+x”. Solid State Communications 71 (12): 1145. Bibcode: 1989SSCom..71.1145D. doi:10.1016/0038-1098(89)90728-X.
- ^ Dolukhanyan, S (1997). “Synthesis of novel compounds by hydrogen combustion”. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 253–254: 10. doi:10.1016/S0925-8388(96)03071-X.
- ^ Zavalii, L. V.; Kuz'ma, Yu. B.; Mikhalenko, S. I. (1990). “Sm2B5 boride and its structure”. Soviet Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics 29 (6): 471. doi:10.1007/BF00795346.
- ^ Etourneau, J; Mercurio, J; Berrada, A; Hagenmuller, P; Georges, R; Bourezg, R; Gianduzzo, J (1979). “The magnetic and electrical properties of some rare earth tetraborides”. Journal of the Less Common Metals 67 (2): 531. doi:10.1016/0022-5088(79)90038-9.
- ^ Schwetz, K; Ettmayer, P; Kieffer, R; Lipp, A (1972). “Über die Hektoboridphasen der Lanthaniden und Aktiniden”. Journal of the Less Common Metals 26: 99. doi:10.1016/0022-5088(72)90012-4.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Greenwood, p. 1241
- ^ Bärnighausen, H. (1973). Rev. Chim. Miner. 10: 77–92.
- ^ Zachariasen, W. H. (1948). “Crystal chemical studies of the 5f-series of elements. I. New structure types”. Acta Crystallographica 1 (5): 265. doi:10.1107/S0365110X48000703.
- ^ Asprey, L. B.; Keenan, T. K.; Kruse, F. H. (1964). Inorganic Chemistry 3 (8): 1137. doi:10.1021/ic50018a015.
- ^ Brown, R; Clark, N.J. (1974). “Composition limits and vaporization behaviour of rare earth nitrides”. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry 36 (11): 2507. doi:10.1016/0022-1902(74)80462-8.
- ^ Samarskite-(Y) Mineral Data Mineralogy Database
- ^ a b 桜井弘『元素111の新知識』講談社、1998年、275頁。ISBN 4-06-257192-7。
- ^ Greenwood, p. 1229
- ^ a b Samarium, ブリタニカ百科事典オンライン
- ^ Delafontaine, Marc (1878). “Sur le décepium, métal nouveau de la samarskite”. Journal de pharmacie et de chimie 28: 540 .
- ^ Delafontaine, Marc (1878). “Sur le décepium, métal nouveau de la samarskite”. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires 87: 632 .
- ^ De Laeter, J. R.; Böhlke, J. K.; De Bièvre, P.; Hidaka, H.; Peiser, H. S.; Rosman, K. J. R.; Taylor, P. D. P. (2003). “Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)”. Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) 75 (6): 683–800. doi:10.1351/pac200375060683.
- ^ Delafontaine, Marc (1881). “Sur le décipium et le samarium”. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires 93: 63 .
- ^ a b c Samarium: History & Etymology. Elements.vanderkrogt.net. Retrieved on 2013-03-21.
- ^ Coplen, T. B.; Peiser, H. S. (1998). “History of the recommended atomic-weight values from 1882 to 1997: A comparison of differences from current values to the estimated uncertainties of earlier values (Technical Report)”. Pure and Applied Chemistry 70: 237. doi:10.1351/pac199870010237.
- ^ a b Chemistry in Its Element – Samarium, Royal Society of Chemistry
- ^ What are their prices?, Lynas corp.
- ^ a b c d Human Health Fact Sheet on Samarium, Los Alamos National Laboratory
- ^ “Mineral Commodity Summaries 2015 RARE EARTHS”. アメリカ地質調査所. 2015年1月16日閲覧。
- ^ “2012 Minerals Yearbook - rare earths”. アメリカ地質調査所. 2015年1月16日閲覧。
- ^ a b “放射線審議会第15回基本部会 資料第15-3 号 サマリウムの作業場所における線量評価について” (PDF). 文部科学省. pp. 4ページ. 2010年12月4日閲覧。
- ^ Hajra, S.; Maji, B. and Bar, S. (2007). “Samarium Triflate-Catalyzed Halogen-Promoted Friedel-Crafts Alkylation with Alkenes”. Org. Lett. 9 (15): 2783–2786. doi:10.1021/ol070813t.
- ^ Cotton (2007). Advanced inorganic chemistry, 6th ed. Wiley-India. p. 1128. ISBN 81-265-1338-1
- ^ Ashida, Yuya; Arashiba, Kazuya; Nakajima, Kazunari; Nishibayashi, Yoshiaki (2019-04). “Molybdenum-catalysed ammonia production with samarium diiodide and alcohols or water” (英語). Nature 568 (7753): 536–540. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1134-2. ISSN 1476-4687 .
- ^ “Centerwatch About drug Quadramet”. 2009年6月6日閲覧。
- ^ Pattison, JE (1999). “Finger doses received during 153Sm injections”. Health physics 77 (5): 530–5. doi:10.1097/00004032-199911000-00006. PMID 10524506.
- ^ Finlay, IG; Mason, MD; Shelley, M (2005). “Radioisotopes for the palliation of metastatic bone cancer: a systematic review”. The lancet oncology 6 (6): 392–400. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(05)70206-0. PMID 15925817.
- ^ Thermal neutron capture cross sections and resonance integrals – Fission product nuclear data. ipen.br
- ^ DOE Fundamentals Handbook: Nuclear Physics and Reactor Theory. U.S. Department of Energy. (January 1993). pp. 34, 67
- ^ Bud, Robert and Gummett, Philip Cold War, Hot Science: Applied Research in Britain's Defence Laboratories, 1945–1990, NMSI Trading Ltd, 2002 ISBN 1-900747-47-2 p. 268
- ^ Sorokin, P. P. (1979). “Contributions of IBM to Laser Science—1960 to the Present”. IBM Journal of Research and Development 23 (5): 476. doi:10.1147/rd.235.0476.
- ^ Zhang, J. (1997). “A Saturated X-ray Laser Beam at 7 Nanometers”. Science 276 (5315): 1097. doi:10.1126/science.276.5315.1097.
- ^ Elmegreen, Bruce G. et al. Piezo-driven non-volatile memory cell with hysteretic resistance US patent application 12/234100, 09/19/2008
- ^ SmS Tenzo. Tenzo-sms.ru. Retrieved on 2013-03-21.
- ^ Kaminskii, V. V.; Solov’ev, S. M.; Golubkov, A. V. (2002). “Electromotive Force Generation in Homogeneously Heated Semiconducting Samarium Monosulfide”. Technical Physics Letters 28 (3): 229. Bibcode: 2002TePhL..28..229K. doi:10.1134/1.1467284 . other articles on this topic
- ^ Bowen, Robert and Attendorn, H -G Isotopes in the Earth Sciences, Springer, 1988, ISBN 0-412-53710-9, pp. 270 ff
- Samariumのページへのリンク