惑星系の一覧とは? わかりやすく解説

複数惑星系の一覧

(惑星系の一覧 から転送)

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 (2025/04/04 08:48 UTC 版)

2023年までの各年に発見された太陽系外惑星の発見方法の内訳(2023年の総数は7月8日時点)

本稿では、複数惑星系の一覧について取り上げる。複数個の惑星を持つ惑星系は特に複数惑星系[1][2][3]英語: Multiple planetary system[1]、Multiplanetary system)または多重惑星系[4][5]と呼ばれる。NASA Exoplanet Archive の統計によると、2025年4月1日時点で太陽系外惑星が確認されている4,377個恒星のうち2個以上の惑星が確認されている複数惑星系は985個である[6]。既知の惑星系内における惑星数の最多記録は太陽系ケプラー90系の8個で、TRAPPIST-1系の7個がこれに次ぐ。最も地球に近い複数惑星系は、2個の確実な惑星と1個の未確認の惑星を持つことが知られているプロキシマ・ケンタウリ系である(近い恒星の一覧も参照)。しかし、ほとんどの複数惑星系は地球から非常に遠い位置にあり、一番遠いとされている複数惑星系は13,300光年離れた位置にある OGLE-2012-BLG-0026L 系であるとされている。

一覧

一覧では3個以上の惑星がある事が確認されている、もしくは2個の確認済みの惑星と1個以上の未確認の惑星候補が存在している可能性がある複数惑星系を地球からの距離が近い順に並べており、惑星数の欄における括弧内の数字が未確認の惑星の数を表している。確認済みおよび未確認の惑星の個数については NASA Exoplanet Archive太陽系外惑星エンサイクロペディアに準拠しているが、両者で惑星の個数に差異がある場合は個数が多い方に従う。

主星の赤経赤緯、地球からの距離(ガイア計画のデータリリース第3版 Gaia DR3[7] による年周視差より計算)は SIMBAD のデータに基づく。視等級も SIMBAD(記載がない場合は NASA Exoplanet Archive より引用)に記載されている、可視光線において観測されるVバンドでの等級を示す。

表の色は確認された惑星の数を表す
2
(≥1)
3 4 5 6 7 8
主星名
星座
赤経
赤緯
視等級
距離
光年
スペクトル分類
質量
M
有効温度
K
年齢
億年
惑星数 出典
太陽 - - −26.74 0.000016 G2V 1.000 5778 45.7 8 [8]
プロキシマ・ケンタウリ ケンタウルス座  14h 29m 42.9461s −62° 40′ 46.1647″ 11.13 4.25 M5Ve 0.154 2992 48.5 2 (1) [9][10][11][12]
バーナード星 へびつかい座  17h 57m 48.4985s +04° 41′ 36.1139″ 9.511 5.96 M4V 0.162 3195 100 4 [13]
ラランド21185 おおぐま座  11h 03m 20.1948s +35° 58′ 11.5761″ 7.520 8.30 M2V 0.389 3547 80.47 2 (1) [9][14]
ラカーユ9352 みなみのうお座  23h 05m 52.0358s −35° 51′ 11.0552″ 7.39 10.72 M2V 0.479 3672 45.7 2 (1) [9][15]
GJ 1061 とけい座  03h 35m 59.6992s −44° 30′ 45.7308″ 13.07 11.98 M5.5V 0.125 2977 >70 3 [9][16]
くじら座YZ星 くじら座  01h 12m 30.6369s −16° 59′ 56.3580″ 12.074 12.12 M4.0Ve 0.130 3056 50 3 [17]
ルイテン星 こいぬ座  07h 27m 24.4990s +05° 13′ 32.8415″ 9.872 12.35 M3.5V 0.29 3382 >80 2 (2) [18]
ティーガーデン星 おひつじ座  02h 53m 00.8918s +16° 52′ 52.6322″ 15.14 12.50 M7V 0.097 3034 >80 3 [19][20]
ウォルフ1061 へびつかい座  16h 30m 18.0584s −12° 39′ 45.3212″ 10.072 14.05 M3.5V 0.304 3307 3 [9][21]
グリーゼ876 みずがめ座  22h 53m 16.7326s −14° 15′ 49.3041″ 10.192 15.24 M3.5V 0.346 3201 1 - 99 4 [9][22]
エリダヌス座82番星 エリダヌス座  03h 19m 55.6509s −43° 04′ 11.2152″ 4.27 19.70 G6V 0.91 5473 57.6 3 [23][24][25]
グリーゼ581 てんびん座  15h 19m 26.8269s −07° 43′ 20.1895″ 10.560 20.55 M3V 0.295 3500 95 3 (1) [26][27]
グリーゼ892 カシオペヤ座  23h 13m 16.9750s +57° 10′ 06.0838″ 5.570 21.34 K3V 0.81 4700 110 6 [28][29]
グリーゼ667C さそり座  17h 18m 58.8273s −34° 59′ 48.6127″ 10.22 23.62 M1.5V 0.327 3443 61 2 (1) [9][30][31]
おとめ座61番星 おとめ座  13h 18m 24.3140s −18° 18′ 40.2977″ 4.740 27.84 G6.5V 0.94 5556 61 - 66 3 [25][32]
グリーゼ433 うみへび座  11h 35m 26.9478s −32° 32′ 23.8842″ 9.813 29.61 M2V 0.48 3445 3 [33][34][35]
グリーゼ367 ほ座  09h 44m 29.8368s −45° 46′ 35.4276″ 9.979 30.72 M1V 0.454 3522 80 3 [36][37]
グリーゼ357 うみへび座  09h 36m 01.6372s −21° 39′ 38.8776″ 10.906 30.78 M2.5V 0.342 3505 3 [38]
けんびきょう座AU星 けんびきょう座  20h 45m 09.5325s −31° 20′ 27.2379″ 8.627 31.68 M1Ve 0.60 3665 0.23 3 (1) [39]
ルイテン98-59 とびうお座  08h 18m 07.6214s −68° 18′ 46.8054″ 11.685 34.60 M3V 0.273 3415 >8 4 (2) [40]
グリーゼ180 エリダヌス座  04h 53m 49.9799s −17° 46′ 24.3093″ 10.894 38.97 M2V 0.432 3572 50 3 [35][41][42]
グリーゼ806 はくちょう座  20h 45m 04.0992s +44° 29′ 56.6451″ 10.704 39.35 M1.5V 0.413 3600 10 - 80 2 (1) [43]
TRAPPIST-1 みずがめ座  23h 06m 29.3685s −05° 02′ 29.0373″ 18.798 40.66 M7.5e 0.089 2566 76 7 [44][45]
HD 69830 とも座  08h 18m 23.9470s −12° 37′ 55.8172″ 5.95 41.03 G8V 0.863 5394 106 3 [46]
かに座55番星A かに座  08h 52m 35.8111s +28° 19′ 50.9550″ 5.95 41.05 K0IV-V 0.905 5172 86 5 [47][48]
HD 101581 ケンタウルス座  11h 41m 02.4685s −44° 24′ 18.6867″ 7.762 41.69 K4.5Vk: 0.653 4675 68.8 2 (1) [49]
HD 40307 がか座  05h 54m 04.2405s −60° 01′ 24.4930″ 7.147 42.18 K2.5V 0.77 4977 12 4 (2) [50][51]
アンドロメダ座υ星A アンドロメダ座  01h 36m 47.8415s +41° 24′ 19.6514″ 4.10 44.00 F9V 1.27 6114 31.2 3 [52][53][54]
おおぐま座47番星 おおぐま座  10h 59m 27.9728s +40° 25′ 48.9206″ 5.03 45.30 G1V 1.08 5887 60.3 3 [55][56][57]
おおかみ座ν2 おおかみ座  15h 21m 48.1499s −48° 19′ 03.4699″ 5.65 48.07 G4V 0.876 5664 117 3 [58][59]
LHS 1140 くじら座  00h 44m 59.3309s −15° 16′ 17.5428″ 14.150 48.80 M4.5V 0.184 3096 >50 2 (1) [60]
グリーゼ163 りゅう座  04h 09m 15.6683s −53° 22′ 25.2900″ 11.811 49.36 M3.5V 0.405 3460 50 5 [9][61][62]
さいだん座μ星 さいだん座  17h 44m 08.7031s −51° 50′ 02.5916″ 5.15 50.89 G3IV-V 1.10 5820 63.4 4 [63][64]
グリーゼ676A さいだん座  17h 30m 11.2045s −51° 38′ 13.03″ 9.585 52.12 M0V 0.631 4014 4 [9][65]
HD 128311 うしかい座  14h 36m 00.5603s +09° 44′ 47.4546″ 7.446 53.28 K3V 0.828 4763 <64 2 (1) [66]
HD 48948 やまねこ座  06h 49m 57.0256s +60° 20′ 07.9606″ 8.58 54.91 K3V 0.686 4593 114.8 3 [67]
HD 7924 カシオペヤ座  01h 21m 59.1137s +76° 42′ 37.0383″ 7.167 55.46 K0.5V 0.81 5216 30 3 [68][69]
かんむり座ρ星 かんむり座  16h 01m 02.6605s +33° 18′ 12.6395″ 5.39 57.11 G0V 0.95 5817 102 4 [70]
HD 153557 ヘルクレス座  16h 57m 53.1786s +47° 22′ 00.0621″ 7.82 58.50 K3V 0.79 3 [71]
テーブルさん座π星 テーブルさん座  05h 37m 09.8868s −80° 20′ 08.8346″ 5.67 59.65 G0V 1.11 6013 34 3 [68][32]
がか座β星 がか座  05h 47m 17.0877s −51° 03′ 59.4114″ 3.86 64.04 A6V 1.75 8052 0.23 2 (1) [72][73][74]
LHS 1678 A ちょうこくぐ座  04h 32m 42.6349s −39° 47′ 12.1500″ 12.482 64.79 M2V 0.345 3490 40 - 90 3 [75]
GJ 3293 エリダヌス座  04h 28m 35.7191s −25° 10′ 09.2979″ 11.962 65.91 M2.5 0.420 3466 4 [76][77]
HD 104067 からす座  11h 59m 10.0088s −20° 21′ 13.6121″ 7.921 66.36 K2V 0.818 4942 48 2 (1) [78][79]
HD 215152 みずがめ座  22h 43m 21.3028s −06° 24′ 02.9530″ 8.13 70.39 K3V 0.756 4803 52.1 4 [80][81]
HD 164922 ヘルクレス座  18h 02m 30.8623s +26° 18′ 46.8050″ 6.99 71.69 G9V 0.874 5293 95.8 4 [82][83]
HD 63433 ふたご座  07h 49m 55.0607s +27° 21′ 47.4574″ 6.91 73.04 G5V 0.99 5688 4.14 3 [84]
TOI-270 がか座  04h 33m 39.7200s −51° 57′ 22.4354″ 12.617 73.31 M3V 0.386 3506 3 [85]
HD 96700 うみへび座  11h 07m 54.4269s −30° 10′ 28.4472″ 6.503 82.79 G0V 0.89 5845 86 3 [86]
HIP 57274 おおぐま座  11h 44m 40.9643s +30° 57′ 33.4481″ 8.96 84.40 K4V 0.73 4640 78.7 3 [87]
HD 142 A ほうおう座  00h 06m 19.1753s −49° 04′ 30.6712″ 5.76 85.39 F7V 1.25 6338 25 3 [88][71]
HD 39194 テーブルさん座  05h 44m 31.9180s −70° 08′ 36.8578″ 8.075 86.23 K0V 0.67 5205 100 3 [89]
LP 791-18 コップ座  11h 02m 45.9546s −16° 24′ 22.2882″ 16.9 86.92 M6V 0.139 2960 5 3 [90][91]
HD 134606 ふうちょう座  15h 15m 15.0446s −70° 31′ 10.6449″ 6.854 87.44 G6IV 1.046 5576 73 5 [92]
HD 181433 くじゃく座  19h 25m 09.5667s −66° 28′ 07.6770″ 8.38 88.03 K3III-IV 0.84 4909 74 3 [93][94]
HD 158259 りゅう座  17h 25m 24.0553s +52° 47′ 26.4699″ 6.47 88.11 G0 1.08 5 (1) [95]
HD 82943 うみへび座  09h 34m 50.7353s −12° 07′ 46.3692″ 6.53 90.31 F9VFe+0.5 1.14 5944 31 2 (1) [93][96]
GJ 3138 くじら座  02h 09m 10.9012s −16° 20′ 22.5293″ 10.877 92.89 M0 0.681 3717 3 [77]
GJ 9827 うお座  23h 27m 04.8377s −01° 17′ 10.5827″ 10.10 96.71 K6V 0.606 4305 60.5 3 [97][98]
TOI-700 かじき座  06h 28m 23.2285s −65° 34′ 45.5204″ 13.076 101.50 M2V 0.415 3459 >15 4 [99][100]
K2-239 ろくぶんぎ座  10h 42m 22.6343s +04° 26′ 28.8859″ 14.55 101.51 M3V 0.40 3420 3 [101]
HD 37124 おうし座  05h 37m 02.4866s +20° 43′ 50.8329″ 7.68 103.18 G4IV-V 0.81 5763 118 3 [68][102]
HR 858 A ろ座  02h 51m 56.2462s −30° 48′ 52.2623″ 6.382 103.40 F6V 1.145 6201 22.8 3 [103]
HD 110067 かみのけ座  12h 39m 21.5037s +20° 01′ 40.0360″ 8.43 105.09 K0V 0.798 5266 81 6 [104]
TOI-431 うさぎ座  05h 33m 04.6005s −26° 43′ 28.2684″ 9.13 106.41 K3+Vk: 0.78 4850 3 [105]
HD 73344 かに座  08h 38m 45.5205s +23° 41′ 09.2561″ 6.876 114.94 F6V 1.20 6220 11.5 3 [106][107]
HD 20781 ろ座  03h 20m 02.9429s −28° 47′ 01.7905″ 8.44 117.27 G9.5V 0.70 5256 4 [108]
TOI-1266 りゅう座  13h 11m 59.5600s +65° 50′ 01.7030″ 12.951 117.58 M3 0.437 356 46 3 [109]
ケプラー444A こと座  19h 19m 00.5489s +41° 38′ 04.5824″ 8.86 119.22 K0V 0.754 5046 110 5 [110][111]
HD 141399 うしかい座  15h 46m 53.8132s +46° 59′ 10.5432″ 7.20 120.85 K0 1.09 5602 4 [112][113]
HD 31527 うさぎ座  04h 55m 38.3826s −23° 14′ 30.7616″ 7.484 125.06 G2V 0.96 5898 3 [114]
HD 10180 みずへび座  01h 37m 53.5772s −60° 30′ 41.4821″ 7.32 127.10 G1V 1.062 5911 73 6 (3) [115][116][117][118]
TOI-174A レチクル座  03h 41m 50.3988s −62° 46′ 01.4772″ 9.72 127.50 K4V 0.67 4684 5 [119]
ケプラー42 はくちょう座  19h 28m 52.5689s +44° 37′ 08.9898″ 16.7 130.81 M4V 0.144 3269 3 [120]
HR 8799 ペガスス座  23h 07m 28.7157s +21° 08′ 03.3108″ 5.953 133.33 F0+VkA5mA5 1.47 7430 0.3 4 [121][122]
TOI-2076 うしかい座  14h 29m 34.2426s +39° 47′ 25.5433″ 9.14 137.01 K0 0.85 5187 2.04 3 [123]
HD 93385 ほ座  10h 46m 15.1159s −41° 27′ 51.7287″ 7.486 140.89 G2/3V 1.04 5977 33 3 [124]
HD 27894 レチクル座  04h 20m 47.0461s −59° 24′ 39.0246″ 9.42 142.50 K2V 0.83 4923 69 3 [93][125]
K2-3 しし座  11h 29m 20.3917s −01° 27′ 17.2817″ 12.17 143.44 M1V 0.549 3844 69 3 [126]
HD 3167 うお座  00h 34m 57.5242s +04° 22′ 53.2841″ 8.97 154.31 K0V 0.837 5261 78 4 [127]
TOI-500 とも座  07h 06m 13.9753s −47° 35′ 13.8721″ 10.59 154.63 K6 0.740 4400 50 4 [128]
HD 204313 やぎ座  21h 28m 12.2061s −21° 43′ 34.5182″ 8.02 156.97 G5V 1.06 5783 43 3 [93][71]
HD 9446 さんかく座  01h 33m 20.1847s +29° 15′ 54.5394″ 8.35 163.73 G5V 1.07 5793 20 2 (1) [68][129][130]
HIP 14810 おひつじ座  03h 11m 14.2302s +21° 05′ 50.4940″ 8.50 163.75 G6V 0.98 5535 87 3 [68][131]
HD 11506 くじら座  01h 52m 50.5344s −19° 30′ 25.1082″ 7.51 166.97 G0V 1.22 6123 25 3 [71][132]
HD 133131 A/B てんびん座  15h 03m 35.0865s −27° 50′ 27.5520″ 8.40 167.84 G2V / G2V 0.95 5799 63 3 [133][注 1]
HD 191939 りゅう座  20h 08m 05.7551s +66° 51′ 02.0766″ 8.97 174.45 G9V 0.81 5348 70 6 [134]
HD 109271 A おとめ座  12h 33m 35.5546s −11° 37′ 18.7289″ 8.05 182.13 G3/5V 1.047 5783 73 2 (1) [135]
HD 125612 A おとめ座  14h 20m 53.5177s −17° 28′ 53.4897″ 8.32 188.64 G3V 1.09 5818 31 3 [93][136]
TOI-712 かじき座  06h 11m 44.6726s −65° 49′ 33.4990″ 10.84 191.37 K4.5V 0.732 4622 8.3 3 (2) [137]
K2-136A おうし座  04h 29m 38.9939s +22° 52′ 57.7935″ 11.20 192.06 K5.5V 0.71 4364 6.25-7.50 3 [138]
HD 184010 こぎつね座  19h 31m 21.6214s +26° 37′ 01.8171″ 5.893 200.17 K0III-IV 1.35 4971 27.6 3 [139]
HD 38677 オリオン座  05h 47m 06.2666s −10° 37′ 48.8272″ 7.98 204.17 F8V 1.21 6196 20.1 4 [140]
TOI-178 ちょうこくしつ座  00h 29m 12.3029s −30° 27′ 13.4669″ 11.95 204.87 K7V 0.650 4316 71 6 [141]
TOI-411 エリダヌス座  03h 39m 16.7618s −42° 45′ 45.1859″ 8.26 205.15 F7/8V 1.098 6169 25 3 [142]
TOI-663 ろくぶんぎ座  10h 40m 15.9530s −08° 30′ 38.6090″ 13.667 208.55 M1V 0.514 3681 3 [143]
ケプラー37 こと座  18h 56m 14.3076s +44° 31′ 05.3896″ 9.77 208.74 G8V 0.79 5357 76 3 (1) [127]
HD 108236 ケンタウルス座  12h 26m 17.8919s −51° 21′ 46.2166″ 9.24 210.61 G5V 0.867 5660 67 5 [144]
K2-72 みずがめ座  22h 18m 29.2549s −09° 36′ 44.3811″ 15.04 216.94 M2V 0.27 3360 4 [145]
ケプラー138 こと座  19h 21m 31.5680s +43° 17′ 34.6810″ 13.168 218.87 M1V 0.535 3726 >10 3 (1) [146][147]
K2-233 てんびん座  15h 21m 55.1983s −20° 13′ 53.9909″ 10.88 220.80 K3 0.800 4950 3.6 3 [148]
HD 42813 うさぎ座  06h 12m 13.9672s −14° 39′ 00.0619″ 9.47 221.78 K0V 0.89 5289 117 3 [149]
HD 200964 こうま座  21h 06m 39.8423s +03° 48′ 11.2267″ 6.487 236.94 G8IV 1.44 5164 30 2 (1) [150][151]
K2-155 おうし座  04h 21m 52.4853s +21° 21′ 12.9379″ 12.806 237.87 K6V 0.65 4258 3 [152]
TOI-1260 おおぐま座  10h 28m 35.0251s +65° 51′ 16.3812″ 11.973 239.42 0.679 4227 67 3 [153]
LP 358-499 おうし座  04h 40m 35.6391s +25° 00′ 36.0481″ 13.996 245.84 M2V 0.461 3655 4 [154][155]
K2-266A ろくぶんぎ座  10h 31m 44.5056s +00° 56′ 15.2691″ 11.808 253.42 K5V 0.686 4285 4 (2) [156]
K2-384 くじら座  01h 21m 59.8551s +00° 45′ 04.4120″ 14.26 266.96 0.33 3623 5 [157]
TOI-561 ろくぶんぎ座  09h 52m 44.5491s +06° 12′ 58.9210″ 10.243 275.60 G9V 0.785 5372 100 4 (1) [158]
TOI-1136 りゅう座  12h 48m 44.3726s +64° 51′ 19.1475″ 9.53 275.85 G5 1.022 5770 7 6 (1) [159]
TOI-763A ケンタウルス座  12h 57m 52.4467s −39° 45′ 27.7076″ 10.28 311.65 0.917 5444 62 2 (1) [160]
ケプラー446 こと座  18h 49m 00.0433s +44° 55′ 15.9779″ 17.504 314.15 M4V 0.22 3359 3 [161]
TOI-1749 りゅう座  18h 50m 57.0648s +64° 25′ 09.1190″ 13.809 324.27 M0V 0.58 3985 >8 3 [162]
K2-229 おとめ座  12h 27m 29.5847s −06° 43′ 18.7670″ 10.98 334.10 K2V 0.837 5185 54 3 [163]
HIP 41378 かに座  08h 26m 27.8491s +10° 04′ 49.3342″ 8.92 345.65 F8 1.19 6320 31 6 (1) [164]
おうし座V1298星 おうし座  04h 05m 19.5910s +20° 09′ 25.5632″ 10.12 352.27 K1 1.095 4970 0.23 4 [165][166]
ケプラー102 こと座  18h 45m 55.8560s +47° 12′ 28.8453″ 12.07 352.54 K3V 0.803 4909 11 5 [127]
TOI-125 みずへび座  01h 34m 22.7341s −66° 40′ 32.9511″ 11.02 359.90 0.871 5282 66 3 (2) [167]
K2-302 みずがめ座  22h 20m 22.7763s −09° 30′ 34.2920″ 17.83 362.12 M4V 0.407 3297 3 [168][169][注 2]
K2-198 おとめ座  13h 15m 22.5217s −06° 27′ 53.6230″ 10.97 363.77 G9 0.799 5213 3 [170]
HD 33142 うさぎ座  05h 07m 35.5414s −13° 59′ 11.3368″ 7.96 394.29 K0III 1.52 5025 3 [171]
ケプラー445 はくちょう座  19h 54m 56.6592s +46° 29′ 54.7936″ 18.19 400.85 M4V 0.334 3219 3 [146]
TOI-451A エリダヌス座  04h 11m 51.9469s −37° 56′ 23.2192″ 10.94 402.70 0.95 5550 1.2 3 [172]
WASP-132 おおかみ座  14h 30m 26.1897s −46° 09′ 33.1234″ 11.938 403.04 K4V 0.789 4686 72 3 [173]
K2-148A くじら座  00h 58m 04.2759s −00° 11′ 35.3616″ 13.627 405.94 K7V 0.650 4079 3 [174]
K2-165 おとめ座  12h 19m 36.0869s +00° 58′ 06.2012″ 11.33 428.11 K0V 0.835 5185 3 [175]
HD 28109 みずへび座  04h 20m 57.1321s −68° 06′ 09.5140″ 9.38 457.41 F8/G0V 1.26 6120 11 3 (1) [176]
ケプラー68 はくちょう座  19h 24m 07.7660s +49° 02′ 24.9283″ 10.08 470.66 G1V 1.057 5847 68.4 4 [127]
K2-381 いて座  19h 12m 06.4612s −21° 00′ 27.5072″ 13.01 476.05 K2V 0.754 4473 3 [157]
XO-2A/B やまねこ座  07h 48m 06.4723s +50° 13′ 32.9206″ 11.138 489.81 G9V / G9V 0.98 5325 71 4 [177][178][注 3]
ケプラー411A はくちょう座  19h 10m 25.3470s +49° 31′ 23.7126″ 12.55 499.37 K3V 0.81 4906 26.9 4 [179]
K2-285 うお座  23h 17m 32.2274s +01° 18′ 01.0747″ 11.75 506.71 K2V 0.830 4975 4 [180]
K2-32 へびつかい座  16h 49m 42.2602s −19° 32′ 34.1514″ 12.31 510.11 G9V 0.856 5275 79 4 [181]
CoRoT-7A いっかくじゅう座  06h 43m 49.4690s −01° 03′ 46.8266″ 11.73 520.38 K0V 0.91 5250 12 - 23 3 [182][183]
ケプラー220 はくちょう座  19h 26m 01.4892s +46° 53′ 44.7832″ 13.201 557.22 K3V 0.65 4591 83.2 4 [179]
TOI-1246 りゅう座  16h 44m 27.9564s +70° 25′ 46.7018″ 11.858 557.83 K 0.87 5151 63 4 [184][185]
K2-24 さそり座  16h 10m 17.6977s −24° 59′ 25.2607″ 11.28 559.70 G3V 1.041 5726 49 2 (1) [186]
TOI-4010 カシオペヤ座  01h 20m 51.4586s +66° 04′ 20.2418″ 12.413 575.78 K 0.88 4960 61 4 [187]
ケプラー186 はくちょう座  19h 54m 36.6535s +43° 57′ 18.0259″ 15.290 578.95 M1V 0.544 3755 40 5 [188]
ケプラー398 こと座  19h 25m 52.4830s +40° 20′ 37.8179″ 13.499 578.96 0.72 4557 23.4 3 [179]
K2-37 さそり座  16h 13m 48.2446s −24° 47′ 13.4285″ 12.573 580.48 G3V 0.90 5413 3 [189]
K2-352 はくちょう座  19h 26m 01.4892s +46° 53′ 44.7832″ 13.201 580.91 0.98 5791 3 [190]
K2-58 みずがめ座  22h 15m 17.2365s −14° 02′ 59.3130″ 12.415 593.75 0.890 5413 3 [191]
ケプラー10 りゅう座  19h 02m 43.0614s +50° 14′ 28.7016″ 11.043 607.39 G2V 0.91 5708 106 3 [127]
K2-38 さそり座  16h 00m 08.0581s −23° 11′ 21.3291″ 11.34 621.56 1.054 5705 61 2 (1) [127]
ケプラー249 はくちょう座  19h 47m 56.4241s +43° 39′ 30.7019″ 16.399 623.41 M2V 0.40 3632 30.9 3 [179]
K2-80 おうし座  03h 56m 08.9999s +13° 33′ 33.4420″ 12.63 649.71 G8 0.913 5377 3 [175]
K2-138 みずがめ座  23h 15m 47.7686s −10° 50′ 58.8955″ 12.21 659.74 K1V 0.93 5378 23 6 [192][193]
K2-368 みずがめ座  22h 10m 32.5631s −11° 09′ 58.2803″ 13.536 677.43 K3V 0.746 4663 3 (1) [157]
ケプラー296A こと座  19h 06m 09.6025s +49° 26′ 14.3969″ 16.363 716.23 M2V 0.454 3572 42 5 [188]
ケプラー19 はくちょう座  19h 21m 40.9995s +37° 51′ 06.4373″ 12.04 720.06 F9 0.936 5541 19 3 [127]
ケプラー126 はくちょう座  19h 17m 23.3506s +44° 12′ 30.7092″ 10.566 753.98 F7IV 1.18 6311 33.9 3 [179]
ケプラー454A こと座  19h 09m 54.8466s +38° 13′ 43.9224″ 11.57 762.01 1.03 5687 52.5 3 [127]
ケプラー327 はくちょう座  19h 30m 34.1672s +44° 05′ 15.5638″ 15.756 782.24 M1V 0.57 3920 30.2 3 [179]
ケプラー25A こと座  19h 06m 33.2141s +39° 29′ 16.3587″ 10.623 786.75 F6 1.159 6270 34.5 3 [194]
HAT-P-13 おおぐま座  08h 39m 31.8072s +47° 21′ 07.2738″ 10.42 800.38 G4 1.22 5653 50 2 (1) [195]
ケプラー352 はくちょう座  19h 59m 35.1690s +46° 03′ 07.1625″ 13.14 817.17 0.86 5279 34.7 3 (1) [179]
ケプラー1130A こと座  19h 00m 49.7878s +45° 23′ 03.6051″ 12.611 825.96 K0V 0.90 5403 15.8 3 (1) [179][196]
ケプラー114 はくちょう座  19h 36m 29.1358s +48° 20′ 58.2917″ 13.803 842.24 M0V 0.71 4660 26.9 3 [179]
ケプラー381 こと座  19h 00m 43.8669s +43° 49′ 51.9056″ 10.651 873.08 F5 1.44 6337 14.4 3 [179]
ケプラー54 はくちょう座  19h 39m 05.7418s +43° 03′ 22.5998″ 16.282 879.08 M1V 0.48 3760 41.7 3 [179]
WASP-47 みずがめ座  22h 04m 48.7262s −12° 01′ 07.9987″ 11.99 881.27 1.040 5552 4 [197]
ケプラー267 はくちょう座  19h 59m 19.2925s +47° 09′ 26.8967″ 16.69 883.32 0.56 3973 33.1 3 [179]
ケプラー20A こと座  19h 10m 47.5233s +42° 20′ 19.3014″ 12.630 933.58 G5V 0.929 5495 56 5 (1) [127]
ケプラー968 こと座  19h 02m 24.6290s +50° 06′ 43.3134″ 14.626 944.48 0.76 4598 21.4 3 [179][198]
K2-19 おとめ座  11h 39m 50.4803s +00° 36′ 12.8750″ 13.00 976.22 K0V 0.918 5250 >80 3 [199][200]
ケプラー62 こと座  18h 52m 51.0518s +45° 20′ 59.3996″ 13.982 982.13 K2V 0.69 4925 70 5 [201]
ケプラー65 こと座  19h 14m 45.2916s +41° 09′ 04.2102″ 11.115 982.87 F6IV 1.39 6220 33.1 4 [179]
ケプラー100 こと座  19h 25m 32.6433s +41° 59′ 24.9451″ 11.278 1001.16 G8IV 1.10 5884 69.2 4 [179]
ケプラー48 はくちょう座  19h 56m 33.4162s +40° 56′ 56.4969″ 13.331 1010.30 K0V 0.89 5194 31.4 5 [179]
ケプラー49 はくちょう座  19h 29m 10.6952s +40° 35′ 30.4589″ 15.883 1013.95 M1V 0.63 4079 28.8 4 [179]
ケプラー130A こと座  19h 13m 48.1594s +40° 14′ 43.1620″ 12.007 1033.78 G1V 1.02 6012 58.9 3 [179]
ケプラー158 こと座  18h 56m 07.7366s +39° 46′ 52.8639″ 14.923 1037.76 K 0.656 4896 39.8 3 [179][202]
ケプラー52 りゅう座  19h 06m 57.1300s +49° 58′ 32.6379″ 15.716 1042.60 M0V 0.66 4242 35.5 3 [179]
K2-183 かに座  08h 20m 01.7183s +14° 01′ 10.0704″ 12.85 1046.01 G7 0.942 5482 3 [175]
ケプラー32 はくちょう座  19h 51m 22.1744s +46° 34′ 27.3906″ 16.360 1053.48 M1V 0.57 3903 26.9 5 [179]
K2-314 てんびん座  15h 12m 59.5618s −16° 43′ 28.1985″ 11.577 1053.92 G8IV/V 1.05 5430 90 3 [203]
K2-187 かに座  08h 50m 05.6682s +23° 11′ 33.3698″ 13.102 1061.02 K0 0.967 5477 4 [175]
K2-268 かに座  08h 54m 50.2862s +11° 50′ 53.7745″ 13.85 1061.43 K1 0.84 5106 5 [190]
K2-219 うお座  00h 51m 22.8637s +08° 52′ 03.5030″ 12.09 1068.07 G3 1.022 5753 3 [175]
K2-16 おとめ座  11h 40m 23.3403s +04° 33′ 26.4171″ 14.65 1085.81 K3V 0.68 4742 3 [204][205]
ケプラー26 こと座  18h 59m 45.8408s +46° 33′ 59.4377″ 15.982 1110.21 M0V 0.60 4097 29.5 4 [179]
ケプラー197A はくちょう座  19h 40m 54.3399s +50° 33′ 32.4234″ 11.78 1115.68 F5 1.01 6180 53.7 4 [179]
TOI-4504 りゅうこつ座  07h 37m 52.1727s −62° 04′ 41.6706″ 13.364 1116.89 K1V 0.89 5315 100 3 [206]
ケプラー167A はくちょう座  19h 30m 38.0262s +38° 20′ 43.4372″ 14.284 1118.62 K4 0.770 4890 33 4 [207]
ケプラー332 こと座  19h 06m 39.1083s +47° 24′ 49.3884″ 14.243 1140.25 0.80 5008 28.2 3 [179]
ケプラー81 はくちょう座  19h 34m 32.8685s +42° 49′ 29.7620″ 15.536 1149.17 M0V 0.69 4385 36.3 3 [179]
ケプラー127 こと座  19h 00m 45.5887s +46° 01′ 40.6936″ 11.627 1155.15 G0 1.37 6225 26.3 3 [179]
K2-299 みずがめ座  22h 05m 06.5341s −14° 07′ 18.0114″ 13.12 1194.93 5724 3 [208]
ケプラー159 はくちょう座  19h 48m 16.8385s +40° 52′ 07.6492″ 15.386 1218.05 M0V 0.76 4644 25.1 2 (1) [209]
ケプラー80 はくちょう座  19h 44m 27.0201s +39° 58′ 43.5941″ 15.201 1222.70 M0V 0.83 4540 6 [210]
ケプラー88 こと座  19h 24m 35.5431s +40° 40′ 09.8099″ 13.257 1231.01 G8IV 0.990 5466 19 3 [211]
ケプラー132A こと座  18h 52m 56.5642s +41° 20′ 34.9975″ 11.92 1241.035 G1 1.03 6023 43.7 4 [179]
ケプラー221 はくちょう座  19h 46m 37.1435s +46° 50′ 06.8417″ 14.017 1247.35 G5 0.87 5296 45.7 4 [179]
ケプラー174 こと座  19h 09m 45.4027s +43° 49′ 55.4994″ 14.601 1253.82 K5 0.71 4949 49.0 3 [179]
ケプラー1542 こと座  19h 02m 54.8381s +42° 39′ 16.3105″ 12.734 1274.95 G5V 0.94 5564 85.1 4 (1) [179]
ケプラー139  18h 49m 34.0590s +43° 53′ 21.6475″ 12.031 1279.30 G8IV-V 1.05 5680 56.2 4 [179][212]
ケプラー83A こと座  18h 48m 55.8020s +43° 39′ 56.2496″ 16.145 1296.33 M0V 0.58 4082 30.9 3 [179]
ケプラー104A こと座  19h 10m 25.1129s +42° 10′ 00.2552″ 12.73 1318.82 G0V 1.01 6032 37.2 3 [179]
ケプラー451AB はくちょう座  19h 38m 32.6124s +46° 03′ 59.1352″ 12.69 1336.16 sdB
dM
0.48
0.12
29564 3 [213][注 4]
ケプラー169 こと座  19h 03m 59.9740s +40° 55′ 09.6117″ 14.410 1349.71 0.84 5070 37.2 5 [179]
ケプラー129 こと座  19h 01m 14.7043s +47° 50′ 54.9018″ 11.81 1356.16 G4V 1.178 5770 64.3 3 [214]
ケプラー271 こと座  18h 52m 00.7169s +44° 17′ 03.1887″ 13.583 1372.65 F9 0.90 5555 45.7 3 (2) [179]
ケプラー124 りゅう座  19h 07m 00.6696s +49° 03′ 53.5780″ 14.329 1378.51 0.73 5133 18.2 3 [179]
ケプラー334 こと座  19h 08m 33.7576s +47° 06′ 54.7213″ 12.839 1381.55 G0 1.07 5958 40.7 3 [179]
ケプラー18 はくちょう座  19h 52m 19.0688s +44° 44′ 46.8079″ 13.767 1423.27 0.972 5383 100 3 [215]
ケプラー235 こと座  19h 04m 18.9843s +39° 16′ 41.9455″ 16.567 1433.59 M0V 0.507 3996 60 4 [216]
ケプラー106 はくちょう座  20h 03m 27.3499s +44° 20′ 15.1920″ 12.963 1443.30 G1 1.05 5955 33.1 4 [179]
ケプラー304 はくちょう座  19h 37m 46.0343s +40° 33′ 27.1992″ 15.065 1449.78 0.80 4817 20.9 4 [179]
ケプラー196 こと座  18h 59m 52.4460s +42° 04′ 45.0796″ 14.305 1488.89 K3 0.85 5163 39.8 3 [179][196]
ケプラー1388 こと座  18h 53m 20.6548s +47° 10′ 28.2578″ 16.430 1496.82 M0V 0.63 4098 44.7 4 [179]
ケプラー89 はくちょう座  19h 49m 19.9343s +41° 53′ 28.0060″ 11.991 1548.04 1.25 6116 39 4 [217]
ケプラー326 はくちょう座  19h 37m 18.1338s +46° 00′ 08.0631″ 13.863 1560.18 K1V 0.85 5148 46.8 3 [179]
ケプラー92 こと座  19h 16m 20.6547s +41° 33′ 46.6543″ 11.849 1569.87 G0IV 1.17 5830 58.9 3 [179]
ケプラー450 はくちょう座  19h 41m 56.7728s +51° 00′ 48.5823″ 11.692 1571.08 1.30 6263 30.2 3 [179]
ケプラー215 はくちょう座  19h 39m 53.6403s +45° 12′ 49.2207″ 13.736 1600.53 G3 0.94 5679 16.2 4 [179]
ケプラー1530 はくちょう座  19h 12m 38.9945s +48° 09′ 54.5063″ 14.22 1606.92 G7 0.92 5477 42.7 3 [179][196]
ケプラー431 こと座  18h 44m 26.9622s +43° 13′ 40.0404″ 12.021 1610.73 F6IV 1.15 6087 42.7 3 [179]
K2-282 うお座  00h 53m 43.6834s +07° 59′ 43.1411″ 14.04 1616.16 G8 0.95 5523 3 [208][218]
ケプラー198 こと座  19h 22m 41.5541s +38° 41′ 27.5861″ 13.684 1629.56 F9 0.97 5636 37.2 3 [179]
ケプラー324 りゅう座  19h 05m 53.1509s +49° 38′ 56.3900″ 14.222 1646.51 0.87 5255 53.7 4 [179][196]
ケプラー319 こと座  19h 15m 14.8708s +39° 46′ 14.4054″ 14.008 1658.48 G4V 0.96 5613 35.5 3 [179]
ケプラー107 はくちょう座  19h 48m 06.7735s +48° 12′ 30.9642″ 12.639 1693.53 1.238 5854 4 [127]
ケプラー176 はくちょう座  19h 38m 40.3180s +43° 51′ 11.7589″ 14.767 1708.43 0.87 5295 46.8 4 [179]
ケプラー298 りゅう座  18h 52m 09.5527s +48° 49′ 31.3168″ 15.617 1737.93 0.69 4612 24 3 [179]
ケプラー1669 はくちょう座  19h 49m 43.2898s +39° 50′ 52.2867″ 16.473 1765.58 M0V 0.67 4303 3 [219][196][220]
ケプラー354 こと座  19h 03m 00.3549s +41° 20′ 08.2970″ 15.771 1779.55 K5 0.73 4634 52.5 3 [179]
ケプラー338 こと座  18h 51m 54.9519s +40° 47′ 03.6757″ 12.19 1796.91 G0 1.20 5999 47.9 4 [179]
ケプラー142 はくちょう座  19h 40m 28.5407s +48° 28′ 52.6543″ 13.318 1823.53 1.06 5872 55 3 [179]
ケプラー331 こと座  19h 27m 20.2412s +39° 18′ 26.4855″ 16.199 1854.22 0.74 4631 32.4 3 [179]
ケプラー55 こと座  19h 00m 40.4014s +44° 01′ 35.3690″ 15.746 1870.06 K5 0.72 4508 23.4 5 [179]
ケプラー149 こと座  19h 03m 24.8909s +38° 23′ 02.8106″ 14.152 1897.03 K0V 0.92 5377 63.1 3 [179]
ケプラー206 こと座  19h 26m 32.3160s +41° 50′ 01.9196″ 13.507 1935.07 G3 1.05 5853 52.5 3 [179]
ケプラー336 こと座  19h 20m 57.0312s +41° 19′ 53.0554″ 13.688 1939.33 G3 1.09 5911 49 3 [179]
ケプラー310 はくちょう座  19h 15m 21.4377s +46° 59′ 12.2931″ 14.376 1948.25 0.91 5551 44.7 3 [179]
ケプラー191 はくちょう座  19h 24m 44.0051s +45° 19′ 23.3979″ 14.987 1953.62 G9 0.84 5215 49 3 [179]
ケプラー166 はくちょう座  19h 32m 38.4340s +48° 52′ 52.3888″ 14.93 1979.22 K1 0.88 5350 44.7 3 [179]
ケプラー1987 はくちょう座  19h 43m 18.1227s +42° 56′ 36.2007″ 15.477 1982.83 0.75 4711 4 [221][220]
ケプラー184 こと座  19h 27m 48.4549s +43° 04′ 28.9735″ 14.460 2009.47 F2 0.97 5699 44.7 3 [179]
ケプラー339 はくちょう座  19h 33m 24.4115s +48° 26′ 40.6476″ 14.778 2060.24 G7 0.93 5571 43.7 3 [179]
ケプラー9 こと座  19h 02m 17.7544s +38° 24′ 03.1769″ 13.9 2061.28 G2 1.022 5774 20 3 [222]
ケプラー549 こと座  18h 52m 05.4816s +47° 15′ 40.2158″ 14.805 2084.47 0.88 5360 45.7 3 [179]
ケプラー1254 りゅう座  19h 00m 41.5973s +48° 46′ 12.0607″ 15.541 2084.60 K3 0.78 4985 56.2 3 [179]
ケプラー402 こと座  19h 13m 28.8535s +43° 21′ 16.5826″ 13.317 2092.76 F2 1.15 6199 33.1 4 (1) [179]
ケプラー11 はくちょう座  19h 48m 27.6226s +41° 54′ 32.9032″ 13.838 2107.50 G2V 1.042 5836 32 6 [223]
ケプラー192 こと座  19h 11m 40.2999s +45° 35′ 34.4254″ 14.223 2130.49 G7 0.94 5487 67.6 3 [179]
ケプラー247 こと座  19h 14m 34.2068s +43° 02′ 21.4971″ 15.458 2183.40 0.84 5130 42.7 3 [179]
ケプラー218 はくちょう座  19h 41m 39.0787s +46° 15′ 59.3647″ 14.076 2184.28 G8IV 1.01 5542 56.2 3 [179]
ケプラー416 こと座  19h 26m 13.6720s +39° 13′ 38.2649″ 14.166 2227.69 1.01 5758 49 3 (1) [179]
ケプラー297 りゅう座  18h 52m 50.1952s +48° 46′ 39.4354″ 14.351 2264.97 0.98 5801 34.7 3 [179][220]
ケプラー290 こと座  19h 05m 38.4001s +42° 40′ 53.5329″ 15.775 2301.74 0.79 4958 44.7 3 [179][220]
PSR B1257+12 おとめ座  13h 00m 03.1075s +12° 40′ 55.155″ 2313.17 パルサー 1.4 30 3 [224]
ケプラー357 はくちょう座  19h 24m 58.3359s +44° 00′ 31.3481″ 15.735 2315.63 0.81 5029 44.7 3 [179]
ケプラー203 はくちょう座  19h 48m 21.5924s +41° 23′ 16.9860″ 14.107 2336.70 G1 1.00 5794 55 3 [179]
ケプラー178 こと座  19h 08m 24.2566s +46° 53′ 47.3606″ 14.788 2355.43 0.94 5535 46.8 3 [179]
ケプラー301 りゅう座  18h 55m 55.8993s +49° 13′ 58.7116″ 14.458 2359.18 F9 0.98 5717 41.7 3 [179]
ケプラー289 はくちょう座  19h 49m 51.6736s +42° 52′ 58.2689″ 14.175 2369.81 G2 1.08 6001 38 3 (1) [179]
ケプラー1321 はくちょう座  19h 38m 06.8698s +46° 38′ 27.4774″ 17.505 2469.95 M1V 0.54 4094 41.7 3 [179][196]
ケプラー363 こと座  18h 52m 46.1054s +41° 18′ 19.3156″ 13.473 2489.93 G5V 1.10 5681 52.5 3 [179]
ケプラー157 こと座  19h 24m 23.3283s +38° 52′ 32.1424″ 14.206 2510.63 G3 1.02 5866 40.7 3 [179]
ケプラー46 はくちょう座  19h 17m 04.4930s +42° 36′ 15.0413″ 15.741 2516.06 0.902 5155 97 3 [225][226]
ケプラー222 こと座  19h 11m 37.4602s +46° 56′ 15.9078″ 15.289 2525.60 0.88 5295 47.9 3 [179]
ケプラー311 こと座  18h 48m 14.7158s +47° 05′ 07.7331″ 13.902 2529.91 G0.5V 1.08 6009 41.7 3 [179]
ケプラー208 はくちょう座  19h 35m 33.6470s +42° 31′ 40.7248″ 13.683 2536.01 G0 1.16 5951 43.7 4 [179]
ケプラー250 はくちょう座  19h 18m 22.7424s +44° 08′ 30.9625″ 15.819 2543.13 0.83 5090 51.3 3 [179]
ケプラー257 はくちょう座  19h 49m 15.8351s +46° 01′ 23.7481″ 15.842 2563.72 0.85 5209 47.9 3 [179]
ケプラー306 こと座  19h 14m 09.2870s +40° 36′ 58.1131″ 15.575 2564.52 0.81 5011 26.3 4 [179]
ケプラー342 はくちょう座  19h 30m 42.7396s +46° 43′ 36.1590″ 13.20 2566.34 F6IV 1.26 6366 20.4 4 [179]
ケプラー224 はくちょう座  19h 23m 44.2256s +47° 21′ 27.3035″ 15.940 2584.03 0.78 5093 22.9 4 [179]
ケプラー85 はくちょう座  19h 23m 53.6255s +45° 17′ 25.0889″ 14.932 2590.60 0.92 5499 43.7 4 [179]
ケプラー219 はくちょう座  19h 14m 57.3495s +46° 45′ 45.2909″ 13.899 2593.28 G2V 1.16 5910 45.7 3 [179]
ケプラー529 りゅう座  19h 03m 33.2075s +47° 52′ 49.3612″ 13.86 2604.77 1.07 6087 39.8 3 [179]
ケプラー51 はくちょう座  19h 45m 55.1429s +49° 56′ 15.6505″ 14.885 2618.26 G4 0.985 5670 5 4 [227][228]
ケプラー148 はくちょう座  19h 19m 08.6834s +46° 51′ 31.7389″ 15.648 2627.54 0.86 5172 46.8 3 [179]
ケプラー325 はくちょう座  19h 19m 20.5055s +49° 49′ 32.1633″ 15.262 2699.08 G5 0.91 5535 41.7 3 [179]
ケプラー1073 はくちょう座  19h 36m 36.6480s +38° 13′ 58.9457″ 14.749 2706.24 G3V 1.00 5792 37.2 3 (1) [179]
ケプラー1047 はくちょう座  19h 14m 35.1094s +50° 47′ 20.4254″ 13.460 2714.12 G8V 1.08 5754 44.7 2 (1) [179]
ケプラー172 こと座  18h 53m 28.4170s +41° 49′ 18.5512″ 14.702 2760.29 G8 1.00 5599 64.6 4 [179]
ケプラー245 はくちょう座  19h 26m 33.3542s +42° 26′ 10.7791″ 16.104 2762.87 0.86 5174 36.3 4 [179]
ケプラー253 はくちょう座  19h 27m 22.0765s +44° 51′ 29.2455″ 15.779 2764.74 0.85 5216 45.7 3 [179]
ケプラー229 りゅう座  19h 07m 59.8763s +48° 22′ 32.9183″ 16.22 2781.24 0.80 5014 49 3 [179]
ケプラー90 りゅう座  18h 57m 44.0383s +49° 18′ 18.4965″ 13.896 2788.85 F9IV/V 1.2 6080 8 [229][230][231]
ケプラー171 はくちょう座  19h 47m 05.2539s +41° 45′ 19.9901″ 15.066 2814.36 1.07 5949 34.7 3 [179]
ケプラー1311 はくちょう座  19h 18m 36.2977s +43° 49′ 27.9030″ 13.475 2814.85 G0IV-V 1.05 5748 75.9 3 [179][196]
ケプラー305 はくちょう座  19h 56m 53.8365s +40° 20′ 35.4452″ 15.851 2832.69 0.85 5117 43.7 4 [179][232]
ケプラー403 はくちょう座  19h 19m 41.1510s +46° 44′ 40.4889″ 12.818 2838.86 F9 1.25 6209 30.9 3 (1) [179]
ケプラー23 はくちょう座  19h 36m 52.5355s +49° 28′ 45.2526″ 13.547 2862.27 G2V 1.078 5828 40 - 80 3 [233][234]
ケプラー207 こと座  19h 20m 07.3248s +42° 09′ 57.7572″ 13.164 2891.46 G3 1.20 5989 41.7 3 [179]
ケプラー251 はくちょう座  19h 46m 15.8967s +44° 06′ 21.1189″ 15.274 2932.27 0.95 5622 36.3 4 [179]
ケプラー30 こと座  19h 01m 08.0746s +38° 56′ 50.2182″ 15.726 2934.91 0.99 5498 20 3 [235]
ケプラー399 はくちょう座  19h 58m 00.4156s +40° 40′ 14.8892″ 14.686 2947.91 0.94 5682 39.8 3 [179]
ケプラー150 こと座  19h 12m 56.1835s +40° 31′ 15.2084″ 15.228 2956.73 0.94 5589 45.7 5 [179]
ケプラー487 はくちょう座  19h 41m 08.9282s +41° 13′ 19.0553″ 14.84 2968.84 0.91 5444 56.2 3 (1) [179][196]
ケプラー272 はくちょう座  19h 56m 30.6091s +47° 35′ 37.8162″ 14.811 2987.05 G6 0.97 5605 49 3 [179]
ケプラー164 こと座  19h 11m 07.3973s +47° 37′ 47.6344″ 14.379 3004.39 1.09 6048 34.7 4 [179][220]
ケプラー619 はくちょう座  19h 23m 23.7817s +48° 24′ 57.6465″ 14.844 3010.21 G3 0.97 5605 49 3 [179]
ケプラー763 はくちょう座  19h 28m 34.6817s +47° 09′ 26.4067″ 15.965 3028.94 0.84 5166 47.9 3 (1) [179][220]
ケプラー82 はくちょう座  19h 31m 29.6084s +42° 57′ 58.0676″ 15.318 3029.79 0.96 5529 46.8 5 [179]
ケプラー56 はくちょう座  19h 35m 02.0012s +41° 52′ 18.6924″ 12.756 3032.60 K3III 1.286 4973 39.2 3 [236][237]
ケプラー154 はくちょう座  19h 19m 07.3336s +49° 53′ 47.5507″ 14.57 3050.19 G6 0.94 5564 85.1 6 [238][注 5]
ケプラー160 こと座  19h 11m 05.6526s +42° 52′ 09.4728″ 14.777 3064.23 G5 0.97 5471 40.7 3 (1) [179][239]
ケプラー770 こと座  19h 05m 57.7024s +38° 22′ 29.6932″ 14.852 3078.69 0.94 5598 45.7 3 [179]
ケプラー616 はくちょう座  19h 39m 57.3953s +46° 50′ 18.0458″ 15.021 3091.24 0.98 5753 38.9 3 (1) [179][196]
ケプラー58 はくちょう座  19h 45m 26.0755s +39° 06′ 54.7291″ 15.086 3213.36 1.33 6429 21.4 4 [179]
ケプラー401 はくちょう座  19h 20m 19.8618s +50° 51′ 48.5387″ 13.366 3256.03 1.17 6117 33.9 3 [179]
ケプラー350 こと座  19h 01m 40.7038s +39° 42′ 22.0161″ 13.884 3282.90 F5 1.19 6222 32.4 3 [179]
ケプラー79 はくちょう座  20h 02m 04.1057s +44° 22′ 53.6460″ 13.98 3349.32 F5 1.18 6223 32.4 4 [179]
ケプラー256 はくちょう座  19h 30m 19.3010s +46° 05′ 50.5332″ 15.178 3350.00 0.97 5607 95.5 4 [179]
ケプラー341 こと座  19h 19m 26.7755s +43° 28′ 21.9881″ 14.765 3403.84 G3 1.00 5755 46.8 4 [179]
ケプラー47AB はくちょう座  19h 41m 11.4983s +46° 55′ 13.7073″ 15.31 3418.83 G
M
0.957
0.342
5636
3357
40 - 50 3 [240][241][注 4]
ケプラー255 はくちょう座  19h 44m 15.4217s +45° 58′ 36.6045″ 15.699 3437.93 0.90 5431 43.7 3 [179]
ケプラー394 はくちょう座  19h 45m 12.4696s +50° 40′ 20.3773″ 14.912 3444.46 G2 1.13 6122 32.4 3 [179]
ケプラー122 はくちょう座  19h 24m 26.8513s +39° 56′ 56.5990″ 14.378 3452.85 1.08 6076 38.9 5 [179]
ケプラー60 はくちょう座  19h 15m 50.6984s +42° 15′ 54.0503″ 14.083 3487.18 G2 1.09 5961 51.3 3 (1) [179]
ケプラー27 はくちょう座  19h 28m 56.8196s +41° 05′ 09.1405″ 15.992 3507.81 0.95 5294 16.2 3 (2) [179][196]
ケプラー457 こと座  18h 49m 30.6055s +44° 41′ 40.4950″ 14.411 3505.93 F9 1.04 6474 3 [196][242]
ケプラー279 こと座  19h 09m 33.9051s +42° 11′ 41.3574″ 13.647 3517.27 F3V 1.32 6488 25.7 3 (1) [179]
ケプラー292 はくちょう座  19h 43m 03.8775s +42° 25′ 27.4497″ 16.303 3545.56 0.85 5282 51.3 5 [179]
ケプラー217 はくちょう座  19h 32m 09.0586s +46° 16′ 39.0676″ 13.155 3569.62 F3V 1.37 6341 26.3 3 [179]
ケプラー299 りゅう座  18h 52m 49.6708s +48° 34′ 49.7944″ 15.232 3618.33 0.95 5650 60.3 4 [179]
ケプラー276 はくちょう座  19h 34m 16.3567s +39° 02′ 10.7076″ 15.481 3631.63 G7 1.02 5833 38 3 [179]
ケプラー194 はくちょう座  19h 27m 53.1542s +47° 51′ 50.9532″ 14.969 3694.99 G3 1.09 5965 35.5 3 [179]
ケプラー351 こと座  19h 05m 48.6588s +42° 39′ 28.3198″ 16.206 3762.76 0.81 5225 49 3 [179]
ケプラー288 こと座  19h 15m 39.9366s +39° 35′ 41.0885″ 15.283 3782.84 G1V 1.03 5837 37.2 3 [179]
ケプラー24 こと座  19h 21m 39.1857s +38° 20′ 37.4502″ 15.126 3923.92 0.98 5952 61.7 4 [179]
ケプラー33 こと座  19h 16m 18.6100s +46° 00′ 18.8137″ 14.146 4008.81 F2 1.26 5947 42 5 [243]
ケプラー374 はくちょう座  19h 36m 33.1031s +42° 22′ 13.7218″ 14.873 4044.10 G3 1.04 5898 38.9 3 (2) [179]
ケプラー286 はくちょう座  19h 22m 42.2834s +48° 17′ 39.2190″ 15.863 4103.63 0.96 5742 27.5 4 [179]
ケプラー87 はくちょう座  19h 51m 40.0490s +46° 57′ 54.4253″ 14.681 4179.88 F9 1.11 5649 72.4 2 (1) [179]
ケプラー347 はくちょう座  19h 16m 47.9063s +49° 18′ 20.5606″ 14.567 4333.15 1.05 5892 38.9 3 [179]
ケプラー282 こと座  18h 58m 42.5471s +44° 47′ 51.5984″ 15.444 4377.35 0.90 5699 52.5 4 [179]
ケプラー254 こと座  19h 12m 39.5241s +45° 48′ 59.3947″ 15.958 4402.76 0.93 5611 39.8 3 [179]
ケプラー265 こと座  19h 22m 02.5196s +41° 14′ 41.2942″ 15.47 4522.41 G3 0.98 5883 52.5 4 [179]
ケプラー266 はくちょう座  19h 37m 56.2535s +44° 10′ 00.9927″ 15.795 4594.40 0.91 5516 47.9 2 (1) [179]
ケプラー53 こと座  19h 21m 50.8278s +40° 33′ 44.8871″ 15.352 4667.38 0.98 5767 38.9 3 [179]
ケプラー84 はくちょう座  19h 53m 00.4852s +40° 29′ 45.9477″ 14.92 4707.12 1.06 6039 39.8 5 [179]
ケプラー359 はくちょう座  19h 33m 10.4714s +42° 11′ 46.9324″ 15.805 4807.73 1.14 6090 30.2 3 [179]
ケプラー347 はくちょう座  19h 16m 47.9063s +49° 18′ 20.5606″ 14.567 4874.55 1.05 5892 38.9 3 [179]
ケプラー385 はくちょう座  19h 37m 21.2382s +50° 20′ 11.5477″ 15.76 4944.01 0.99 5835 33.1 3 (4) [179][244]
ケプラー758 はくちょう座  19h 32m 20.3082s +41° 08′ 07.5607″ 14.379 4947.76 1.16 6228 38 4 [179]
ケプラー228 はくちょう座  19h 45m 08.6683s +48° 13′ 28.8016″ 15.909 5158.25 0.95 5630 40.7 3 [179]
ケプラー31 はくちょう座  19h 36m 05.5270s +45° 51′ 11.1079″ 15.388 5424.19 1.08 6121 41.7 3 (1) [179]
ケプラー281 はくちょう座  19h 36m 25.9644s +44° 46′ 14.4944″ 15.931 5556.33 0.95 5623 46.8 3 [179][196]
ケプラー295 こと座  19h 01m 23.0050s +45° 22′ 03.9867″ 14.631 5635.04 0.89 5411 47.9 3 [179]
ケプラー603 はくちょう座  19h 39m 07.4367s +42° 17′ 27.3941″ 15.034 5979.04 1.01 5808 43.7 3 [179]
ケプラー238 こと座  19h 11m 35.3058s +40° 38′ 16.1438″ 15.297 6125.00 1.06 5732 67.6 5 [179]
ケプラー1468 はくちょう座  19h 34m 04.7696s +41° 16′ 38.6992″ 15.111 6385.21 1.04 5893 35.5 3 [179][196]
ケプラー275 はくちょう座  19h 29m 55.1289s +38° 30′ 53.6708″ 15.382 6477.78 1.16 6193 33.1 3 (1) [179]
ケプラー223 はくちょう座  19h 53m 16.4202s +47° 16′ 46.3084″ 15.690 6516.61 0.98 5746 42.7 4 [179]

惑星と褐色矮星の両方が公転している恒星

惑星が2個以上存在する複数惑星系ではなく、質量木星質量の13倍以上となる褐色矮星とそれに質量が満たない惑星が共に周囲を公転している惑星系を持つ恒星も知られている。

脚注

注釈

  1. ^ HD 133131 系は HD 133131 A と HD 133131 B の2個の恒星から成る連星系であり、前者には2個の惑星、後者には1個の惑星が周囲を公転していることが知られている。ここでは HD 133131 系全体の総数として惑星を3個持つものとして扱う。
  2. ^ NASA Exoplanet Archive では1個の確認済みの惑星(K2-302b)と1個の惑星候補(EPIC 206215704.01)が掲載されているが、太陽系外惑星エンサイクロペディアでは3個の惑星(K2-302b、c、d)が確認済みとして扱われている。
  3. ^ XO-2系は XO-2A (XO-2S) と XO-2B (XO-2N) の2個の恒星から成る連星系であり、前者には3個の惑星、後者には1個の惑星が周囲を公転していることが知られている。ここでは XO-2 系全体の総数として惑星を4個持つものとして扱う。
  4. ^ a b この惑星系の惑星は、複数の恒星から成る連星全体を公転している周連星惑星であることが知られている。
  5. ^ NASA Exoplanet Archive では5個の確認済みの惑星(ケプラー154b、c、d、e、f)と1個の惑星候補(KOI-435.02)が掲載されているが、太陽系外惑星エンサイクロペディアでは2020年に公表された研究で報告された6個目の惑星(ケプラー154g)も確認済みとして扱われている。このケプラー154gと KOI-435.02 が同一の惑星であるかは研究内では言及されていない[238]

出典

  1. ^ a b 井田茂田村元秀生駒大洋関根康人 編『系外惑星の事典』朝倉書店、2016年9月15日、欧文索引 - M頁。ISBN 978-4-254-15021-6 
  2. ^ 太陽系外の複数惑星系における惑星同士の食を初めて発見』(プレスリリース)東京大学大学院、2012年1月5日https://www.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/press/2012/40.html2020年10月11日閲覧 
  3. ^ コンパクトな複数惑星系は低金属量星の周囲にできやすい”. AstroArts (2018年10月31日). 2020年10月11日閲覧。
  4. ^ 太陽系外惑星、灼熱の巨大惑星、超巨大コアをもつ惑星”. 理科年表オフィシャルサイト. 2023年1月25日閲覧。
  5. ^ 須藤靖 (2019年10月8日). “2019年ノーベル物理学賞は,物理的宇宙論における数々の理論的発見に対してジェームズ・ピーブルズ教授に、 また太陽と似た恒星の周りを公転する太陽系外の惑星の発見に対してミシェル・マイヨール教授とディディエ・ケロー教授の3名が受賞した。”. 日本物理学会. 2020年12月26日閲覧。
  6. ^ Exoplanet and Candidate Statistics”. NASA Exoplanet Archive. IPAC英語版/Caltech. 2025年4月1日閲覧。
  7. ^ Vallenari, A. et al. (2022). “Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties”. Astronomy & Astrophysics. arXiv:2208.00211. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 
  8. ^ Williams, D. R. (2004年). “Sun Fact Sheet”. NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center. 2015年10月15日閲覧。
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i Pineda, J. Sebastian; Youngblood, Allison; France, Kevinl (2021). "The M-dwarf Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Sample. I. Determining Stellar Parameters for Field Stars". The Astrophysical Journal. 918 (1): 23. arXiv:2106.07656. Bibcode:2021ApJ...918...40P. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac0aea. S2CID 235435757. 40。
  10. ^ Kervella, P.; Thévenin, F.; Lovis, C. (2017). "Proxima's orbit around α Centauri". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 598: L7. arXiv:1611.03495. Bibcode:2017A&A...598L...7K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629930. ISSN 0004-6361
  11. ^ Mascareño, A. Suárez; Faria, J. P.; Figueira, P.; et al. (2020). "Revisiting Proxima with ESPRESSO". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 639: A77. arXiv:2005.12114. Bibcode:2020A&A...639A..77S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202037745. S2CID 218869742
  12. ^ Faria, J. P.; Suárez Mascareño, A.; Figueira, P.; et al. (2022). "A candidate short-period sub-Earth orbiting Proxima Centauri". Astronomy and Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. 658: A115. arXiv:2202.05188. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142337
  13. ^ Basant, Ritvik; Luque, Rafael; Bean, Jacob L.; et al. (2025). "Four Sub-Earth Planets Orbiting Barnard's Star from MAROON-X and ESPRESSO". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 982: L1. arXiv:2503.08095. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/adb8d5
  14. ^ Hurt, Spencer A.; Fulton, Benjamin; Isaacson, Howard; et al. (2021). "Confirmation of the Long-Period Planet Orbiting Gliese 411 and the Detection of a New Planet Candidate". The Astronomical Journal. 163 (5): 218. arXiv:2107.09087. Bibcode:2022AJ....163..218H. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac5c47. S2CID 236134034
  15. ^ Jeffers, S. V.; Dreizler, S.; Barnes, J. R.; et al. (2020). "A multiple planet system of super-Earths orbiting the brightest red dwarf star GJ887". Science. 368 (6498): 1477–1481. arXiv:2006.16372. Bibcode:2020Sci...368.1477J. doi:10.1126/science.aaz0795. S2CID 220075207
  16. ^ Dreizler, S.; Jeffers, S. V.; Rodríguez, E.; et al. (2019). "Red Dots: A temperate 1.5 Earth-mass planet in a compact multi-terrestrial planet system around GJ1061". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 493 (1): 536. arXiv:1908.04717. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.493..536D. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa248. S2CID 199551874
  17. ^ Astudillo-Defru, Nicola; Díaz, Rodrigo F.; Bonfils, Xavier; et al. (2017). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets. XLII. A system of Earth-mass planets around the nearby M dwarf YZ Ceti". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 605: L11. arXiv:1708.03336. Bibcode:2017A&A...605L..11A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731581. S2CID 119393757
  18. ^ Pozuelos, Francisco J.; Suárez, Juan C.; de Elía, Gonzalo C.; et al. (2020). "GJ 273: On the formation, dynamical evolution, and habitability of a planetary system hosted by an M dwarf at 3.75 parsec". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 641: A23. arXiv:2006.09403. Bibcode:2020A&A...641A..23P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038047. S2CID 219721292
  19. ^ Caballero, J. A.; Reiners, Ansgar; Ribas, I.; et al. (2019). "The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Two temperate Earth-mass planet candidates around Teegarden's Star". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 627: A49. arXiv:1906.07196. Bibcode:2019A&A...627A..49Z. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935460. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 189999121
  20. ^ Dreizler, S.; Luque, R.; Ribas, I.; et al. (2024). "Teegarden's Star revisited: A nearby planetary system with at least three planets". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 684: A117. arXiv:2402.00923. Bibcode:2024A&A...684A.117D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348033
  21. ^ Wright, D. J; Wittenmyer, R. A; Tinney, C. G; et al. (2016). "Three Planets Orbiting Wolf 1061". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 817 (2): L20. arXiv:1512.05154. Bibcode:2016ApJ...817L..20W. doi:10.3847/2041-8205/817/2/L20. S2CID 52320394
  22. ^ Moutou, C.; Delfosse, X.; Petit, A. C.; et al. (2023). "Characterizing planetary systems with SPIRou: M-dwarf planet-search survey and the multiplanet systems GJ 876 and GJ 1148". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 678: A207. arXiv:2307.11569. Bibcode:2023A&A...678A.207M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346813. S2CID 260018559
  23. ^ Luck, R. Earle (2018). "Abundances in the Local Region. III. Southern F, G, and K Dwarfs". The Astronomical Journal. 155 (3): 111. Bibcode:2018AJ....155..111L. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaa9b5. ISSN 0004-6256
  24. ^ Pepe, F.; Lovis, C.; Ségransan, D.; et al. (2011). "The HARPS search for Earth-like planets in the habitable zone: I – Very low-mass planets around HD20794, HD85512 and HD192310". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 534: A58. arXiv:1108.3447. Bibcode:2011A&A...534A..58P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117055. S2CID 15088852
  25. ^ a b Cretignier, M.; Dumusque, X.; Aigrain, S.; Pepe, F. (2023). "YARARA V2: Reaching sub-m s−1 precision over a decade using PCA on line-by-line radial velocities". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 678: A2. arXiv:2308.11812. Bibcode:2023A&A...678A...2C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202347232. S2CID 261076243
  26. ^ von Stauffenberg, A.; Trifonov, T.; Quirrenbach, A.; et al. (2024). "The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Revisiting the GJ 581 multi-planetary system with new Doppler measurements from CARMENES, HARPS, and HIRES". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 688 (A112): 21. arXiv:2407.11520. Bibcode:2024A&A...688A.112V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202449375. ISSN 0004-6361
  27. ^ Engle, Scott G.; Guinan, Edward F. (2023). "Living with a Red Dwarf: The Rotation-Age Relationships of M Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 954 (2): L50. arXiv:2307.01136. Bibcode:2023ApJ...954L..50E. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acf472
  28. ^ Seager, Sara; Knapp, Mary; Demory, Brice-Olivier; et al. (2021). "HD 219134 Revisited: Planet d Transit Upper Limit and Planet f Transit Nondetection with ASTERIA and TESS". The Astronomical Journal. 161 (3): 15. Bibcode:2021AJ....161..117S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abcd3d. 117。
  29. ^ Vogt, Steven S.; Burt, Jennifer; Meschiari, Stefano; et al. (2015). "Six Planets Orbiting HD 219134". The Astrophysical Journal. 814: 12. arXiv:1509.07912. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814...12V. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/1/12. S2CID 45438051
  30. ^ Sloane, Stephen A.; Guinan, Edward F.; Engle, Scott G. (2023). "Super-Earth GJ 667Cc: Age and XUV Irradiances of the Temperate-zone Planet with Potential for Advanced Life". Research Notes of the AAS. 7 (6): 135. Bibcode:2023RNAAS...7..135S. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/ace189. ISSN 2515-5172
  31. ^ Robertson, Paul; Mahadevan, Suvrath (2014). "Disentangling Planets and Stellar Activity for Gliese 667C". The Astrophysical Journal. 793 (2): L24. arXiv:1409.0021. Bibcode:2014ApJ...793L..24R. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/793/2/L24. S2CID 118404871
  32. ^ a b Laliotis, Katherine; Burt, Jennifer A.; Mamajek, Eric E.; et al. (2023). "Doppler Constraints on Planetary Companions to Nearby Sun-like Stars: An Archival Radial Velocity Survey of Southern Targets for Proposed NASA Direct Imaging Missions". The Astronomical Journal. 165 (4): 176. arXiv:2302.10310. Bibcode:2023AJ....165..176L. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acc067
  33. ^ Zechmeister, M.; Kürster, M.; Endl, M. (2009). "The M dwarf planet search programme at the ESO VLT + UVES. A search for terrestrial planets in the habitable zone of M dwarfs". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 505 (2): 859–871. arXiv:0908.0944. Bibcode:2009A&A...505..859Z. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912479. S2CID 16845441
  34. ^ Houdebine, E. R. (2010). "Observation and modelling of main-sequence star chromospheres - XIV. Rotation of dM1 stars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 407 (3): 1657–1673. Bibcode:2010MNRAS.407.1657H. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16827.x
  35. ^ a b Feng, Fabo; Butler, R. Paul; Shectman, Stephen A.; et al. (2020). "Search for Nearby Earth Analogs. II. Detection of Five New Planets, Eight Planet Candidates, and Confirmation of Three Planets around Nine Nearby M Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 246 (1): 38. arXiv:2001.02577. Bibcode:2020ApJS..246...11F. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ab5e7c. ISSN 1538-4365. S2CID 210064560. 11。
  36. ^ Lam, Kristine W. F.; Csizmadia, Szilárd; Astudillo-Defru, Nicola; et al. (2021). "GJ 367b: A dense, ultrashort-period sub-Earth planet transiting a nearby red dwarf star". Science. 374 (6572): 1271–1275. arXiv:2112.01309. Bibcode:2021Sci...374.1271L. doi:10.1126/science.aay3253. PMID 34855492. S2CID 244799656
  37. ^ Goffo, Elisa; Gandolfi, Davide; Egger, Jo Ann; et al. (2023). "Company for the ultra-high density, ultra-short period sub-Earth GJ 367 b: discovery of two additional low-mass planets at 11.5 and 34 days". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 955 (1): L3. arXiv:2307.09181. Bibcode:2023ApJ...955L...3G. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ace0c7
  38. ^ Luque, R.; Pallé, E.; Kossakowski, D.; et al. (2019). "Planetary system around the nearby M dwarf GJ 357 including a transiting, hot, Earth-sized planet optimal for atmospheric characterization". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 628 (A39): 18. arXiv:1904.12818. Bibcode:2019A&A...628A..39L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935801. S2CID 139102184
  39. ^ Donati, J.-F.; Cristofari, P. I.; Finociety, B.; et al. (2023). "The magnetic field and multiple planets of the young dwarf AU Mic". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 525: 455–475. arXiv:2304.09642. doi:10.1093/mnras/stad1193. ISSN 0035-8711. S2CID 258212637
  40. ^ Demangeon, Oliver D. S.; Zapatero Osorio, M. R.; Alibert, Y.; et al. (2021). "A warm terrestrial planet with half the mass of Venus transiting a nearby star". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 653: 38. arXiv:2108.03323. Bibcode:2021A&A...653A..41D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140728. S2CID 236957385
  41. ^ Schweitzer, A.; Passegger, V. M.; Cifuentes, C.; et al. (2019). "The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Different roads to radii and masses of the target stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 625: 16. arXiv:1904.03231. Bibcode:2019A&A...625A..68S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834965. S2CID 102351979. A68。
  42. ^ Miles, Brittany E.; Shkolnik, Evgenya L. (2017). "HAZMAT. II. Ultraviolet Variability of Low-mass Stars in the GALEX Archive". The Astronomical Journal. 154 (2): 67. arXiv:1705.03583. Bibcode:2017AJ....154...67M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa71ab. ISSN 1538-3881. S2CID 119385780
  43. ^ Palle, E.; Orell-Miquel, J.; Brady, M.; et al. (2023). "GJ 806 (TOI-4481): A bright nearby multi-planetary system with a transiting hot, low-density super-Earth". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 678 (A80): 28. arXiv:2301.06873. Bibcode:2023A&A...678A..80P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244261
  44. ^ Agol, Eric; Dorn, Caroline; Grimm, Simon L.; et al. (2021). "Refining the transit timing and photometric analysis of TRAPPIST-1: Masses, radii, densities, dynamics, and ephemerides". The Planetary Science Journal. 2 (1): 38. arXiv:2010.01074. Bibcode:2021PSJ.....2....1A. doi:10.3847/PSJ/abd022. 1。
  45. ^ Burgasser, Adam J.; Mamajek, Eric E. (2017). "On the Age of the TRAPPIST-1 System". The Astrophysical Journal. 845 (2): 110. arXiv:1706.02018. Bibcode:2017ApJ...845..110B. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa7fea. ISSN 1538-4357
  46. ^ Tanner, Angelle; Boyajian, Tabetha S.; von Braun, Kaspar; et al. (2015). "Stellar Parameters for HD 69830, a Nearby Star with Three Neptune Mass Planets and an Asteroid Belt". The Astrophysical Journal. 800 (2): 5. arXiv:1412.5251. Bibcode:2015ApJ...800..115T. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/800/2/115. S2CID 16097733. 115。
  47. ^ von Braun, Kaspar; Tabetha, S. Boyajian; ten Brummelaar, Theo; et al. (2011). "55 Cancri: Stellar Astrophysical Parameters, a Planet in the Habitable Zone, and Implications for the Radius of a Transiting Super-Earth". The Astrophysical Journal. 740 (1): 49–54. arXiv:1106.1152. Bibcode:2011ApJ...740...49V. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/740/1/49. S2CID 2856228
  48. ^ Bourrier, V.; Dumusque, X.; Dorn, C.; et al. (2018). "The 55 Cancri system reassessed". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 619: A1. arXiv:1807.04301. Bibcode:2018A&A...619A...1B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833154. S2CID 209888143
  49. ^ Kunimoto, Michelle; Lin, Zifan; Millholland, Sarah; et al. (2024). "Two Earth-size Planets and an Earth-size Candidate Transiting the Nearby Star HD 101581". The Astronomical Journal. 169 (1): 47. arXiv:2412.08863. Bibcode:2025AJ....169...47K. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad9266
  50. ^ Nordström, B.; Mayor, M.; Andersen, J.; et al. (2004). "The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood. Ages, metallicities, and kinematic properties of ~14 000 F and G dwarfs". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 418: 989–1019. Bibcode:2004A&A...418..989N. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20035959
  51. ^ Díaz, R. F.; Ségransan, D.; Udry, S.; et al. (2016). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets. XXXVIII. Bayesian re-analysis of three systems. New super-Earths, unconfirmed signals, and magnetic cycles". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 585. A134. arXiv:1510.06446. Bibcode:2016A&A...585A.134D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526729. S2CID 118531921
  52. ^ Fuhrmann, Klaus; Pfeiffer, Michael J.; Bernkopf, Jan (1998). "F- and G-type stars with planetary companions: upsilon Andromedae, rho (1) Cancri, tau Bootis, 16 Cygni and rho Coronae Borealis". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 336: 942–952. Bibcode:1998A&A...336..942F
  53. ^ Baines, Ellyn K.; Thomas Armstrong, J.; Clark, James H.; et al. (2021). "Angular Diameters and Fundamental Parameters of Forty-four Stars from the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer". The Astronomical Journal. 162 (5): 198. arXiv:2211.09030. Bibcode:2021AJ....162..198B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac2431. ISSN 0004-6256. S2CID 238998021
  54. ^ Deitrick, R.; Barnes, R.; McArthur, B.; et al. (2015). "The Three-dimensional Architecture of the υ Andromedae Planetary System". The Astrophysical Journal. 798 (1): 46. arXiv:1411.1059. Bibcode:2015ApJ...798...46D. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/798/1/46. S2CID 118409453
  55. ^ Kovtyukh, V. V.; Soubiran, C.; Belik, S. I.; Gorlova, N. I. (2003). "High precision effective temperatures for 181 F-K dwarfs from line-depth ratios". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 411 (3): 559–564. arXiv:astro-ph/0308429. Bibcode:2003A&A...411..559K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20031378. S2CID 18478960
  56. ^ Saffe, C.; Gómez, M.; Chavero, C. (2005). "On the Ages of Exoplanet Host Stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 443 (2): 609–626. arXiv:astro-ph/0510092. Bibcode:2005A&A...443..609S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20053452. S2CID 11616693
  57. ^ Gregory, P. C.; Fischer, D. A. (2010). "A Bayesian periodogram finds evidence for three planets in 47 Ursae Majoris". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 403 (2): 731–747. arXiv:1003.5549. Bibcode:2010MNRAS.403..731G. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.16233.x. S2CID 16722873
  58. ^ Delrez, Laetitia; Ehrenreich, David; Alibert, Yann; et al. (2021). "Transit detection of the long-period volatile-rich super-Earth ν2 Lupi d with CHEOPS". Nature Astronomy. 5 (8): 775–787. arXiv:2106.14491. Bibcode:2021NatAs...5..775D. doi:10.1038/s41550-021-01381-5. ISSN 2397-3366. S2CID 235658761
  59. ^ Ehrenreich, D.; Delrez, L.; Akinsanmi, B.; et al. (2023). "A full transit of ν2 Lupi d and the search for an exomoon in its Hill sphere with CHEOPS". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 671 (A154): 16. arXiv:2302.01853. Bibcode:2023A&A...671A.154E. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244790. S2CID 256598325
  60. ^ Cadieux, Charles; Plotnykov, Mykhaylo; Doyon, René; et al. (2023). "New Mass and Radius Constraints on the LHS 1140 Planets: LHS 1140 b Is either a Temperate Mini-Neptune or a Water World". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 960 (1): L3. arXiv:2310.15490. Bibcode:2024ApJ...960L...3C. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad1691. ISSN 2041-8205
  61. ^ Linsky, Jeffrey L.; Wood, Brian E.; Youngblood, Allison; et al. (2020). "The Relative Emission from Chromospheres and Coronae: Dependence on Spectral Type and Age". The Astrophysical Journal. 902 (1): 15. arXiv:2009.01958. Bibcode:2020ApJ...902....3L. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abb36f. S2CID 221507685. 3。
  62. ^ Tuomi, M.; Jones, H. R. A.; Butler, R. P.; et al. (27 July 2019). "Frequency of planets orbiting M dwarfs in the Solar neighbourhood". arXiv:1906.04644v2 [astro-ph.EP]。
  63. ^ Soriano, M.; Vauclair, S. (2009). "New seismic analysis of the exoplanet-host star Mu Arae". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 513: A49. arXiv:0903.5475. Bibcode:2010A&A...513A..49S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200911862. S2CID 5688996
  64. ^ McCarthy, Chris; Butler, R. Paul; Tinney, C. G.; et al. (2004). "Multiple Companions to HD 154857 and HD 160691". The Astrophysical Journal. 617 (1): 575–579. arXiv:astro-ph/0409335. Bibcode:2004ApJ...617..575M. doi:10.1086/425214. S2CID 119446133
  65. ^ Anglada-Escudé, Guillem; Tuomi, Mikko (2012). "A planetary system with gas giants and super-Earths around the nearby M dwarf GJ 676A. Optimizing data analysis techniques for the detection of multi-planetary systems". Astronomy. 548: A58. arXiv:1206.7118. Bibcode:2012A&A...548A..58A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219910. S2CID 17115882
  66. ^ McArthur, Barbara E.; Benedict, G. Fritz; Henry, Gregory W.; et al. (2014). "Astrometry, Radial Velocity, and Photometry: The HD 128311 System Remixed with Data from HST, HET, and APT". The Astrophysical Journal. 795 (1): 41. Bibcode:2014ApJ...795...41M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/41. S2CID 122980723
  67. ^ Dalal, S.; Rescingo, F.; Cretignier, M.; et al. (2024). "Trio of super-Earth candidates orbiting K-dwarf HD 48948: a new habitable zone candidate". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 531 (4): 4464–4481. Bibcode:2024MNRAS.531.4464D. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae1367
  68. ^ a b c d e Bonfanti, A.; Ortolani, S.; Piotto, G.; Nascimbeni, V. (2015). "Revising the ages of planet-hosting stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 575. A18. arXiv:1411.4302. Bibcode:2015A&A...575A..18B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424951
  69. ^ Fulton, Benjamin J.; Weiss, Lauren M.; Sinukoff, Evan; et al. (2015). "Three Super-Earths Orbiting HD 7924". The Astrophysical Journal. 805 (2): 175. arXiv:1504.06629. Bibcode:2015ApJ...805..175F. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/805/2/175. S2CID 7969255
  70. ^ Brewer, John M.; Zhao, Lily L.; Fischer, Debra A.; et al. (2023). "EXPRES IV: Two Additional Planets Orbiting ρ Coronae Borealis Reveal Uncommon System Architecture". The Astronomical Journal. 166 (2): 46. arXiv:2306.06888. Bibcode:2023AJ....166...46B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acdd6f
  71. ^ a b c d Feng, Fabo; Butler, R. Paul; Vogt, Steven S.; et al. (2022). "3D Selection of 167 Substellar Companions to Nearby Stars". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 262 (1): 27. arXiv:2208.12720. Bibcode:2022ApJS..262...21F. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ac7e57. 21。
  72. ^ Gray, R. O.; Corbally, C. J.; Garrison, R. F.; et al. (2006). "Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 pc—The Southern Sample". The Astronomical Journal. 132 (1): 161–170. arXiv:astro-ph/0603770. Bibcode:2006AJ....132..161G. doi:10.1086/504637. S2CID 119476992
  73. ^ Mamajek, Eric E.; Bell, Cameron P. M. (2014). "On the age of the beta Pictoris moving group". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 445 (3): 2169–2180. arXiv:1409.2737. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.445.2169M. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1894. S2CID 119114364
  74. ^ Lacquement, A.; Beust, H.; Faramaz-Gorka, V.; et al. (6 January 2025). "Dynamics of the Beta Pictoris planetary system and possibility of an additional planet". arXiv:2501.03143v1 [astro-ph.EP]。
  75. ^ Silverstein, Michele L.; Barclay, Thomas; Schlieder, Joshua E.; et al. (2024). "Validation of a Third Planet in the LHS 1678 System". The Astronomical Journal. 167 (6): 255. arXiv:2403.00110. Bibcode:2024AJ....167..255S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad3040. ISSN 0004-6256
  76. ^ Astudillo-Defru, Nicola; Bonfils, Xavier; Delfosse, Xavier; et al. (2015). "Planetary systems and stellar activity of the M dwarfs GJ 3293, GJ 3341, and GJ 3543". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 575: A119. arXiv:1411.7048. Bibcode:2015A&A...575A.119A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424253. S2CID 67754095
  77. ^ a b Astudillo-Defru, Nicola; Forveille, Thierry; Bonfils, Xavier; et al. (2017). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets. XLI. A dozen planets around the M dwarfs GJ 3138, GJ 3323, GJ 273, GJ 628, and GJ 3293". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 602. A88. arXiv:1703.05386. Bibcode:2017A&A...602A..88A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201630153. S2CID 119418595
  78. ^ Soto, M. G.; Jenkins, J. S. (2018). "Spectroscopic Parameters and atmosphEric ChemIstriEs of Stars (SPECIES). I. Code description and dwarf stars catalogue". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 615: A76. arXiv:1801.09698. Bibcode:2018A&A...615A..76S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731533. S2CID 119107228
  79. ^ Kane, Stephen R.; Fetherolf, Tara; Li, Zhexing; et al. (March 2024). "A Perfect Tidal Storm: HD 104067 Planetary Architecture Creating an Incandescent World". The Astronomical Journal. 167 (5): 239. arXiv:2403.17062. Bibcode:2024AJ....167..239K. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad3820
  80. ^ Tsantaki, M.; Sousa, S. G.; Adibekyan, V. Zh.; et al. (2013). "Deriving precise parameters for cool solar-type stars. Optimizing the iron line list". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 555: A150. arXiv:1304.6639. Bibcode:2013A&A...555A.150T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321103. S2CID 118388752
  81. ^ Delisle, J.-B.; Ségransan, D.; Dumusque, X.; et al. (2018). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets. XLIII. A compact system of four super-Earth planets orbiting HD 215152". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 614: 9. arXiv:1802.04631. Bibcode:2018A&A...614A.133D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201732529. A133。
  82. ^ Fulton, Benjamin J.; Howard, Andrew W.; Weiss, Lauren M.; et al. (2016). "Three Temperate Neptunes Orbiting Nearby Stars". The Astrophysical Journal. 830 (1): 46. arXiv:1607.00007. Bibcode:2016ApJ...830...46F. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/830/1/46. S2CID 36666883
  83. ^ Rosenthal, Lee J.; Fulton, Benjamin J.; Hirsch, Lea A.; et al. (2021). "The California Legacy Survey. I. A Catalog of 178 Planets from Precision Radial Velocity Monitoring of 719 Nearby Stars over Three Decades". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 255 (1): 8. arXiv:2105.11583. Bibcode:2021ApJS..255....8R. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/abe23c. S2CID 235186973
  84. ^ Capistrant, Benjamin K.; Soares-Furtado, Melinda; Vanderburg, Andrew; et al. (2024). "TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). XI. An Earth-sized Planet Orbiting a Nearby, Solar-like Host in the 400 Myr Ursa Major Moving Group". The Astronomical Journal. 167 (2): 18. arXiv:2401.04785. Bibcode:2024AJ....167...54C. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad1039. 54。
  85. ^ Van Eylen, V.; Astudillo-Defru, N.; Bonfils, X.; et al. (2021). "Masses and compositions of three small planets orbiting the nearby M dwarf L231-32 (TOI-270) and the M dwarf radius valley". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 507 (2): 2154–2173. arXiv:2101.01593. Bibcode:2021MNRAS.507.2154V. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab2143
  86. ^ Unger, N.; Ségransan, D.; Queloz, D.; et al. (2021). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets. XLVI. 12 super-Earths around the solar type stars HD 39194, HD 93385, HD 96700, HD 154088, and HD 189567". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 654: 19. arXiv:2108.10198. Bibcode:2021A&A...654A.104U. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141351. A104。
  87. ^ Fischer, Debra A.; Gaidos, Eric; Howard, Andrew W.; et al. (2012). "M2K. II. A Triple-planet System Orbiting HIP 57274". The Astrophysical Journal. 745 (1). 21. arXiv:1109.2926. Bibcode:2012ApJ...745...21F. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/745/1/21
  88. ^ Ghezzi, L.; Cunha, K.; Smith, V. V.; et al. (2010). "Stellar Parameters and Metallicities of Stars Hosting Jovian and Neptunian Mass Planets: A Possible Dependence of Planetary Mass on Metallicity". The Astrophysical Journal. 720 (2): 1290–1302. arXiv:1007.2681. Bibcode:2010ApJ...720.1290G. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/720/2/1290
  89. ^ Unger, N.; Ségransan, D.; Queloz, D.; et al. (2021). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 654: A104. arXiv:2108.10198. Bibcode:2021A&A...654A.104U. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141351. ISSN 0004-6361
  90. ^ Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Waalkes, William; Newton, Elisabeth R.; et al. (2019). "A Super-Earth and Sub-Neptune Transiting the Late-type M Dwarf LP 791-18". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 883 (1): L16. arXiv:1906.09267. Bibcode:2019ApJ...883L..16C. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab3d30
  91. ^ Peterson, Merrin S.; Benneke, Björn; Collins, Karen; et al. (2023). "A temperate Earth-sized planet with tidal heating transiting an M6 star". Nature. 617 (7962): 701–705. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-05934-8. hdl:11603/28165. PMID 37198481
  92. ^ Li, Zhexing; Kane, Stephen R.; Brandt, Timothy D.; et al. (2024). "Revised Architecture and Two New Super-Earths in the HD 134606 Planetary System". The Astronomical Journal. 167 (4): 155. arXiv:2401.17415. Bibcode:2024AJ....167..155L. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad2461
  93. ^ a b c d e Bonfanti, A.; Ortolani, S.; Nascimbeni, V. (2016). "Age consistency between exoplanet hosts and field stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 585: 14. arXiv:1511.01744. Bibcode:2016A&A...585A...5B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527297. S2CID 53971692. A5。
  94. ^ Bouchy, François; Mayor, Michel; Lovis, Christophe; et al. (2009). "The HARPS Search for Southern Extra-solar Planets. XVII. Super-Earth and Neptune-mass Planets in Multiple Planet Systems HD 47186 and HD 181433". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 496 (2): 527–531. arXiv:0812.1608. Bibcode:2009A&A...496..527B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200810669. S2CID 117778593
  95. ^ Hara, N. C.; Bouchy, F.; Stalport, M.; et al. (2020). "The SOPHIE search for northern extrasolar planets: XVI. HD 158259: A compact planetary system in a near-3:2 mean motion resonance chain". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 636: L6. arXiv:1911.13296. Bibcode:2020A&A...636L...6H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937254. ISSN 0004-6361
  96. ^ Baluev, Roman V.; Beaugé, Cristian (2014). "Possible solution to the riddle of HD 82943 multiplanet system: The three-planet resonance 1:2:5?". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 439 (1): 673–689. arXiv:1310.7101. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.439..673B. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt2486
  97. ^ Bonomo, A. S.; Dumusque, X.; Massa, A; et al. (2023). "Cold Jupiters and improved masses in 38 Kepler and K2 small planet systems from 3661 HARPS-N radial velocities. No excess of cold Jupiters in small planet systems". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 677: 18. arXiv:2304.05773. Bibcode:2023A&A...677A..33B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346211. A33。
  98. ^ Kosiarek, Molly R.; Berardo, David A.; Crossfield, Ian J. M.; et al. (2021). "Physical Parameters of the Multi-Planet Systems HD 106315 and GJ 9827". The Astronomical Journal. 161 (1): 47. arXiv:2009.03398. Bibcode:2021AJ....161...47K. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abca39. S2CID 221534625
  99. ^ Gilbert, Emily A.; Barclay, Thomas; Schlieder, Joshua E.; et al. (2020). "The First Habitable Zone Earth-sized Planet from TESS. I: Validation of the TOI-700 System". The Astronomical Journal. 160 (3): 116. arXiv:2001.00952. Bibcode:2020AJ....160..116G. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aba4b2. S2CID 209862554
  100. ^ Gilbert, Emily A.; Vanderburg, Andrew; Rodriguez, Joseph E.; et al. (2023). "A Second Earth-Sized Planet in the Habitable Zone of the M Dwarf, TOI-700". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 944 (2): L35. arXiv:2301.03617. Bibcode:2023ApJ...944L..35G. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acb599. S2CID 255570018
  101. ^ Diez Alonso, E.; Gonzalez Hernandez, J. I.; Suarez Gomez, S. L.; et al. (2018). "Two planetary systems with transiting Earth-size and super-Earth planets orbiting late-type dwarf stars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. 480 (1): L1. arXiv:1806.01181. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.480L...1D. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/sly102. S2CID 102334726
  102. ^ Wright, J. T.; Veras, Dimitri; Ford, Eric B.; et al. (2011). "The California Planet Survey. III. A Possible 2:1 Resonance in the Exoplanetary Triple System HD 37124". The Astrophysical Journal. 730 (2): 61–145. arXiv:1101.1097. Bibcode:2011ApJ...730...93W. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/730/2/93. S2CID 119273897
  103. ^ Vanderburg, Andrew; Huang, Chelsea X.; Rodriguez, Joseph E.; et al. (2019). "TESS Spots a Compact System of Super-Earths around the Naked-Eye Star HR 858". The Astrophysical Journal. 881 (1): L19. arXiv:1905.05193. Bibcode:2019ApJ...881L..19V. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab322d. S2CID 153311715
  104. ^ Luque, R.; Osborn, H. P.; Leleu, A.; et al. (2023). "A resonant sextuplet of sub-Neptunes transiting the bright star HD 110067". Nature. 623: 932–937. arXiv:2311.17775. Bibcode:2023Natur.623..932L. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06692-3
  105. ^ Osborn, Ares; Armstrong, David J.; Cale, Bryson; et al. (2021). "TOI-431/HIP 26013: a super-Earth and a sub-Neptune transiting a bright, early K dwarf, with a third RV planet". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 507 (2): 2782–2803. arXiv:2108.02310. Bibcode:2021MNRAS.507.2782O. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab2313
  106. ^ Sulis, S.; Crossfield, I. J. M.; Santerne, A.; Saillenfest, M. (2024). "A low-mass sub-Neptune planet transiting the bright active star HD 73344". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 688: A14. arXiv:2405.17155. Bibcode:2024A&A...688A..14S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202449559. ISSN 0004-6361
  107. ^ Zhang, Jingwen; Weiss, Lauren M.; Huber, Daniel; et al. (18 August 2024). "Discovery of a Jupiter Analog Misaligned to the Inner Planetary System in HD 73344". arXiv:2408.09614v1 [astro-ph.EP]。
  108. ^ Udry, S.; Dumusque, X.; Lovis, C.; et al. (2019). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets. XLIV. Eight HARPS multi-planet systems hosting 20 super-Earth and Neptune-mass companions". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 622: A37. arXiv:1705.05153. Bibcode:2019A&A...622A..37U. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731173. S2CID 119095511
  109. ^ Greklek-McKeon, Michael; Vissapragada, Shreyas; Knutson, Heather A.; et al. (16 March 2025). "Tidally Heated Sub-Neptunes, Refined Planetary Compositions, and Confirmation of a Third Planet in the TOI-1266 System". arXiv:2409.16374v2 [astro-ph.EP]。
  110. ^ Campante, T. L.; Barclay, T.; Swift, J. J.; et al. (2015). "An Ancient Extrasolar System with Five Sub-Earth-size Planets". The Astrophysical Journal. 799 (2): 170. arXiv:1501.06227. Bibcode:2015ApJ...799..170C. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/799/2/170
  111. ^ Buldgen, G.; Farnir, M.; Pezzotti, C.; et al. (2019). "Revisiting Kepler-444. I. Seismic modeling and inversions of stellar structure". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 630. A126. arXiv:1907.10315. Bibcode:2019A&A...630A.126B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936126. S2CID 198229778
  112. ^ Sousa, S. G.; Adibekyan, V.; Delgado-Mena, E.; et al. (2018). "SWEET-Cat updated". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 620: A58. arXiv:1810.08108. Bibcode:2018A&A...620A..58S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833350. S2CID 119374557
  113. ^ Vogt, Steven S.; Butler, R. Paul; Rivera, Eugenio J.; et al. (2014). "A Four-Planet System Orbiting the K0V Star Hd 141399". The Astrophysical Journal. 787 (2): 97. arXiv:1404.7462. Bibcode:2014ApJ...787...97V. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/787/2/97. S2CID 10477331
  114. ^ Udry, S.; Dumusque, X.; Lovis, C.; et al. (2019). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets. XLIV. Eight HARPS multi-planet systems hosting 20 super-Earth and Neptune-mass companions". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 622: 29. Bibcode:2019A&A...622A..37U. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731173. A37。
  115. ^ Takeda, Genya; Ford, Eric B.; Sills, Alison; et al. (2007). "Structure and Evolution of Nearby Stars with Planets. II. Physical Properties of ~1000 Cool Stars from the SPOCS Catalog". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 168 (2): 297. arXiv:astro-ph/0607235. Bibcode:2007ApJS..168..297T. doi:10.1086/509763. S2CID 18775378
  116. ^ Sousa, S. G.; Santos, N. C.; Mayor, M.; et al. (2007). "Spectroscopic parameters for 451 stars in the HARPS GTO planet search program. Stellar [Fe/H] and the frequency of exo-Neptunes". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 487 (1): 373–381. arXiv:0805.4826. Bibcode:2008A&A...487..373S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200809698. S2CID 18173201
  117. ^ Holmberg, J.; Nordström, B.; Andersen, J. (2009). "The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the solar neighbourhood. III. Improved distances, ages, and kinematics". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 501 (3): 941–947. arXiv:0811.3982. Bibcode:2009A&A...501..941H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200811191. S2CID 118577511 VizieRにて年齢のデータの閲覧が可能
  118. ^ Kane, Stephen R.; Gelino, Dawn M. (2014). "On the Inclination and Habitability of the Hd 10180 System". The Astrophysical Journal. 792 (2): 111. arXiv:1408.4150. Bibcode:2014ApJ...792..111K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/792/2/111. S2CID 42857278
  119. ^ Barros, S. C. C.; Demangeon, O. D. S.; Alibert, Y.; et al. (2022). "HD 23472: a multi-planetary system with three super-Earths and two potential super-Mercuries". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 665: 24. arXiv:2209.13345. Bibcode:2022A&A...665A.154B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244293. A154。
  120. ^ Mann, Andrew W.; Dupuy, Trent; Muirhead, Philip S.; et al. (2017). "The Gold Standard: Accurate Stellar and Planetary Parameters for Eight Kepler M Dwarf Systems Enabled by Parallaxes". The Astronomical Journal. 153 (6): 267. arXiv:1705.01545. Bibcode:2017AJ....153..267M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa7140. S2CID 119325474
  121. ^ Gray, Richard O.; Kaye, Anthony B. (1999). "HR 8799: A link between γ Doradus variables and λ Bootis stars". The Astronomical Journal. 118 (6): 2993–2996. Bibcode:1999AJ....118.2993G. doi:10.1086/301134
  122. ^ Marois, Christian; Zuckerman, B.; Konopacky, Quinn M.; Macintosh, Bruce (2011). "Images of a fourth planet orbiting HR 8799". Nature. 468 (7327): 1080–1083. arXiv:1011.4918. Bibcode:2010Natur.468.1080M. doi:10.1038/nature09684. S2CID 4425891
  123. ^ Hedges, Christina; Hughes, Alex; Zhou, George; et al. (2021). "TOI-2076 and TOI-1807: Two Young, Comoving Planetary Systems within 50 pc Identified by TESS that are Ideal Candidates for Further Follow Up". The Astronomical Journal. 162 (2): 22. arXiv:2111.01311. Bibcode:2021AJ....162...54H. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac06cd. 54。
  124. ^ Unger, N.; Ségransan, D.; Queloz, D.; et al. (2021). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets XLVI: 12 super-Earths around the solar type stars HD39194, HD93385, HD96700, HD154088, and HD189567". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 654: 19. arXiv:2108.10198. Bibcode:2021A&A...654A.104U. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141351. A104。
  125. ^ Trifonov, T.; Kürster, M.; Zechmeister, M.; et al. (2017). "Three planets around HD 27894. A close-in pair with a 2:1 period ratio and an eccentric Jovian planet at 5.4 AU". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 602: L8. arXiv:1706.00509. Bibcode:2017A&A...602L...8T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731044. S2CID 119105619
  126. ^ Diamond-Lowe, Hannah; Kreidberg, Laura; Harman, C. E.; et al. (2022). "The K2-3 System Revisited: Testing Photoevaporation and Core-powered Mass Loss with Three Small Planets Spanning the Radius Valley". The Astronomical Journal. 164 (5): 172. arXiv:2207.12755. Bibcode:2022AJ....164..172D. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac7807. S2CID 251067119
  127. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Bonomo, A. S.; Dumusque, X.; Massa, A; et al. (2023). "Cold Jupiters and improved masses in 38 Kepler and K2 small planet systems from 3661 HARPS-N radial velocities. No excess of cold Jupiters in small planet systems". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 677: 18. arXiv:2304.05773. Bibcode:2023A&A...677A..33B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346211. A33。
  128. ^ Serrano, Luisa Maria; Gandolfi, Davide; Mustill, Alexander J.; et al. (2022). "A low-eccentricity migration pathway for a 13-h-period Earth analogue in a four-planet system". Nature Astronomy. 6: 736–750. arXiv:2204.13573. Bibcode:2022NatAs...6..736S. doi:10.1038/s41550-022-01641-y
  129. ^ Hill, Michelle L.; Mocnik, Teo; Kane, Stephen R.; et al. (2020). "Orbital Refinement and Stellar Properties for the HD 9446, HD 43691, and HD 179079 Planetary Systems". The Astronomical Journal. 159 (5): 197. arXiv:2003.02385. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab7d33. ISSN 0004-6256
  130. ^ Kiefer, Flavien; Lagrange, Anne-Marie; Rubini, Pascal; Philipot, Florian (2024). "Searching for substellar companion candidates with Gaia. II. A catalog of 9,698 planet candidate solar-type hosts". Astronomy and Astrophysics. arXiv:2409.16993. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202451745
  131. ^ Wright, J. T.; Fischer, D. A.; Ford, Eric B.; et al. (2009). "A Third Giant Planet Orbiting HIP 14810". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 699 (2): L97–L101. arXiv:0906.0567. Bibcode:2009ApJ...699L..97W. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/699/2/L97. S2CID 8075527
  132. ^ Ruggieri, A.; Desidera, S.; Sozzetti, A.; et al. (2024). "The GAPS Programme at TNG: LVIII. Two multi-planet systems with long-period substellar companions around metal-rich stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 689: 21. Bibcode:2024A&A...689A.235R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202449456. A235。
  133. ^ Teske, Johanna K.; Shectman, Stephen A.; Vogt, Steve S.; et al. (2016). "The Magellan PFS Planet Search Program: Radial Velocity and Stellar Abundance Analyses of the 360 AU, Metal-Poor Binary "Twins" HD 133131A & B". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (6): 167. arXiv:1608.06216. Bibcode:2016AJ....152..167T. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/167. S2CID 118852162
  134. ^ Orell-Miquel, J.; Nowak, G.; Murgas, F.; et al. (2023). "HD 191939 revisited: New and refined planet mass determinations, and a new planet in the habitable zone". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 669: A40. arXiv:2211.00667. Bibcode:2023A&A...669A..40O. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244120. S2CID 253197272
  135. ^ Lo Curto, G.; Mayor, M.; Benz, W.; et al. (2013). "The HARPS search for southern extrasolar planets: XXXVI. New multi-planet systems in the HARPS volume limited sample: a super-Earth and a Neptune in the habitable zone". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 551: 7. arXiv:1301.2741. Bibcode:2013A&A...551A..59L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220415. S2CID 116916728. A59。
  136. ^ Mugrauer, M.; Neuhäuser, R. (2009). "The multiplicity of exoplanet host stars New low-mass stellar companions of the exoplanet host stars HD 125612 and HD 212301". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 494 (1): 373–378. arXiv:0812.2561. Bibcode:2009A&A...494..373M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200810639. S2CID 15018915
  137. ^ Vach, Sydney; Quinn, Samuel N.; Vanderburg, Andrew; et al. (2022). "TOI-712: A System of Adolescent Mini-Neptunes Extending to the Habitable Zone". The Astronomical Journal. 164 (2): 16. arXiv:2111.02416. Bibcode:2022AJ....164...71V. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac7954. 71。
  138. ^ Ciard, David R.; Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Feinstein, Adina D.; et al. (2018). "K2-136: A Binary System in the Hyades Cluster Hosting a Neptune-sized Planet". The Astronomical Journal. 155 (1): 11. arXiv:1709.10398. Bibcode:2018AJ....155...10C. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa9921. 101。
  139. ^ Teng, Huan-Yu; Sato, Bun'ei; Takarada, Takuya; et al. (2022). "A trio of giant planets orbiting evolved star HD 184010". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 74 (6): 1309–1328. arXiv:2209.09426. Bibcode:2022PASJ...74.1309T. doi:10.1093/pasj/psac070
  140. ^ Staab, D.; Haswell, C. A.; Barnes, J. R.; et al. (2020). "A compact multi-planet system around a bright nearby star from the Dispersed Matter Planet Project". Nature Astronomy. 4: 399–407. arXiv:1912.10792. Bibcode:2020NatAs...4..399S. doi:10.1038/s41550-019-0974-x
  141. ^ Leleu, A.; Alibert, Y.; Hara, N. C.; et al. (2021). "Six transiting planets and a chain of Laplace resonances in TOI-178". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 649: A26. arXiv:2101.09260. Bibcode:2021A&A...649A..26L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039767. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 231693292
  142. ^ Garai, Z.; Osborn, H. P.; Gandolfi, D.; et al. (2023). "Refined parameters of the HD 22946 planetary system and the true orbital period of planet d". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: 14. arXiv:2306.04468. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A..44G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202345943. A44。
  143. ^ Cointepas, M.; Bouchy, F.; Almenara, J. M.; et al. (2024). "TOI-663: A newly discovered multi-planet system with three transiting mini-Neptunes orbiting an early M star". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 685: 18. Bibcode:2024A&A...685A..19C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346899. A19。
  144. ^ Hoyer, S.; Bonfanti, A.; Leleu, A.; et al. (2022). "Characterization of the HD 108236 system with CHEOPS and TESS Confirmation of a fifth transiting planet". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 668: A117. arXiv:2210.08912. Bibcode:2022A&A...668A.117H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243720. S2CID 252832042
  145. ^ Dressing, Courtney D.; Vanderburg, Andrew; Schlieder, Joshua E.; et al. (2017). "Characterizing K2 Candidate Planetary Systems Orbiting Low-mass Stars. II. Planetary Systems Observed During Campaigns 1-7". The Astronomical Journal. 154 (5). arXiv:1703.07416. Bibcode:2017AJ....154..207D. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa89f2. 207。
  146. ^ a b Mann, Andrew W.; Dupuy, Trent; Muirhead, Philip S.; et al. (2017). "The Gold Standard: Accurate Stellar and Planetary Parameters for Eight Kepler M Dwarf Systems Enabled by Parallaxes". The Astronomical Journal. 153 (6): 267. arXiv:1705.01545. Bibcode:2017AJ....153..267M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa7140. S2CID 119325474
  147. ^ Piaulet, Caroline; Benneke, Björn; Almenara, Jose M.; et al. (2022). "Evidence for the volatile-rich composition of a 1.5-R planet". Nature Astronomy. 7: 206–222. arXiv:2212.08477. Bibcode:2023NatAs...7..206P. doi:10.1038/s41550-022-01835-4
  148. ^ David, Trevor J.; Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Benneke, Björn; et al. (2018). "Three Small Planets Transiting the Bright Young Field Star K2-233". The Astronomical Journal. 155 (5): 9. arXiv:1803.05056. Bibcode:2018AJ....155..222D. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aabde8. 222。
  149. ^ Damasso, M.; Rodrigues, J.; Castro-González, A.; et al. (2023). "A compact multi-planet system transiting HIP 29442 (TOI-469) discovered by TESS and ESPRESSO. Radial velocities lead to the detection of transits with low signal-to-noise ratio". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 679: 22. arXiv:2308.13310. Bibcode:2023A&A...679A..33D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202347240. A33。
  150. ^ Johnson, John Asher; Payne, Matthew; Howard, Andrew W.; et al. (2011). "Retired A Stars and Their Companions. VI. A Pair of Interacting Exoplanet Pairs Around the Subgiants 24 Sextanis and HD 200964". The Astronomical Journal. 141 (1): 16. arXiv:1007.4552. Bibcode:2011AJ....141...16J. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/141/1/16
  151. ^ Rosenthal, M. M.; Jacobson-Galan, W.; Nelson, B.; et al. (2019). "Measuring the Orbital Parameters of Radial Velocity Systems in Mean-motion Resonance: A Case Study of HD 200964". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (4): 136. arXiv:1908.04789. Bibcode:2019AJ....158..136R. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab3b02. S2CID 199577752
  152. ^ Diez Alonso, E.; Suarez Gomez, S. L.; Gonzalez Hernandez, J. I.; et al. (2018). "A system of three transiting super-Earths in a cool dwarf star". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters. 476 (1): L50–L54. arXiv:1801.06249. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/sly040
  153. ^ Lam, K. W. F.; Cabrera, J.; Hooton, M. J.; et al. (2023). "Discovery of TOI-1260d and the characterization of the multiplanet system". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 519 (1): 1437–1451. arXiv:2212.04307. Bibcode:2023MNRAS.519.1437L. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac3639
  154. ^ Wells, R.; Poppenhaeger, K.; Watson, C. A. (2018). "Three small transiting planets around the M-dwarf host star LP 358-499". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters. 473 (1): L131–L135. arXiv:1709.01025. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.473L.131W. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slx171
  155. ^ Wells, R.; Poppenhaeger, K.; Watson, C. A. (2019). "Validation of a temperate fourth planet in the K2-133 multiplanet system". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 487 (2): 1865–1873. arXiv:1905.05206. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.487.1865W. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1334
  156. ^ Rodriguez, Joseph E.; Becker, Juliette C.; Eastman, Jason D.; et al. (2018). "A Compact Multi-planet System with a Significantly Misaligned Ultra Short Period Planet". The Astronomical Journal. 156 (5): 20. arXiv:1806.08368. Bibcode:2018AJ....156..245R. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aae530. 245。
  157. ^ a b c Christiansen, Jessie L.; Bhure, Sakhee; Zink, Jon K.; et al. (2022). "Scaling K2. V. Statistical Validation of 60 New Exoplanets From K2 Campaigns 2-18". The Astronomical Journal. 163 (6): 34. arXiv:2203.02087. Bibcode:2022AJ....163..244C. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac5c4c. 244。
  158. ^ Lacedelli, G.; Malavolta, L.; Borsato, L.; et al. (2021). "An unusually low density ultra-short period super-Earth and three mini-Neptunes around the old star TOI-561". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 501 (3): 4148–4166. arXiv:2009.02332. Bibcode:2021MNRAS.501.4148L. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa3728. S2CID 221516470
  159. ^ Dai, Fei; Masuda, Kento; Beard, Corey; et al. (2023). "TOI-1136 is a Young, Coplanar, Aligned Planetary System in a Pristine Resonant Chain". The Astronomical Journal. 165 (2): 37. arXiv:2210.09283. Bibcode:2023AJ....165...33D. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aca327. 33。
  160. ^ Fridlund, M.; Livingston, J.; Gandolfi, D.; et al. (2020). "The TOI-763 system: sub-Neptunes orbiting a Sun-like star". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 498 (3): 4503–4517. arXiv:2008.12535. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.498.4503F. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2502
  161. ^ Muirhead, Philip S.; Mann, Andrew W.; Vanderburg, Andrew; et al. (2015). "Kepler-445, Kepler-446 and the Occurrence of Compact Multiples Orbiting Mid-M Dwarf Stars". The Astrophysical Journal. 801 (1): 15. arXiv:1501.01305. Bibcode:2015ApJ...801...18M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/801/1/18. 18。
  162. ^ Fukui, A.; Korth, J.; Livingston, J. H.; et al. (2021). "TOI-1749: an M dwarf with a Trio of Planets including a Near-resonant Pair". The Astronomical Journal. 162 (4): 23. arXiv:2107.05430. Bibcode:2021AJ....162..167F. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac13a5. 167。
  163. ^ Santerne, A.; Brugger, B.; Armstrong, D. J.; et al. (2018). "An Earth-sized exoplanet with a Mercury-like composition". Nature Astronomy. 2 (5): 393–400. Bibcode:2018NatAs...2..393S. doi:10.1038/s41550-018-0420-5. S2CID 73667350
  164. ^ Santerne, A.; Malavolta, L.; Kosiarek, M. R.; et al. (2019). "An extremely low-density and temperate giant exoplanet". arXiv:1911.07355v1 [astro-ph.EP]。
  165. ^ Feinstein, Adina D.; David, Trevor J.; Montet, Benjamin T.; et al. (2022). "V1298 Tau with TESS: Updated Ephemerides, Radii, and Period Constraints from a Second Transit of V1298 Tau E". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 925 (1): L2. arXiv:2111.08660. Bibcode:2022ApJ...925L...2F. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac4745. S2CID 244130016
  166. ^ David, Trevor J.; Cody, Ann Marie; Hedges, Christina L.; et al. (2019). "A Warm Jupiter-sized Planet Transiting the Pre-main-sequence Star V1298 Tau". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (2): 79. arXiv:1902.09670. Bibcode:2019AJ....158...79D. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab290f. ISSN 0004-6256. S2CID 119003936
  167. ^ Quinn, Samuel N.; Becker, Juliette C.; Rodriguez, Joseph E.; et al. (2019). "Near-resonance in a System of Sub-Neptunes from TESS". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (5): 16. arXiv:1901.09092. Bibcode:2019AJ....158..177Q. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab3f2b. 177。
  168. ^ Heller, René; Hippke, Michael; Rodenbeck, Kai (2019). "Transit least-squares survey. II. Discovery and validation of 17 new sub- to super-Earth-sized planets in multi-planet systems from K2". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 627: 10. arXiv:1905.09038. Bibcode:2019A&A...627A..66H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935600. A66。
  169. ^ Adams, Elisabeth R.; Jackson, Brian; Johnson, Samantha; et al. (2021). "Ultra-short-period Planets in K2. III. Neighbors are Common with 13 New Multiplanet Systems and 10 Newly Validated Planets in Campaigns 0-8 and 10". The Planetary Science Journal. 2 (4): 30. arXiv:2011.11698. Bibcode:2021PSJ.....2..152A. doi:10.3847/PSJ/ac0ea0. 152。
  170. ^ Hedges, Christina; Saunders, Nicholas; Barentsen, Geert; et al. (2019). "Four Small Planets Buried in K2 Systems: What Can We Learn for TESS?". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 880 (1): 10. arXiv:1907.08244. Bibcode:2019ApJ...880L...5H. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab2a74. L5。
  171. ^ Trifonov, Trifon; Wollbold, Anna; Kürster, Martin; et al. (2022). "A New Third Planet and the Dynamical Architecture of the HD 33142 Planetary System". The Astronomical Journal. 164 (4): 156. arXiv:2206.03899. Bibcode:2022AJ....164..156T. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac7ce0. ISSN 0004-6256
  172. ^ Newton, Elisabeth R.; Mann, Andrew W.; Kraus, Adam L.; et al. (2021). "TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). IV. Three Small Planets Orbiting a 120 Myr Old Star in the Pisces-Eridanus Stream". The Astronomical Journal. 161 (2): 20. arXiv:2102.06049. Bibcode:2021AJ....161...65N. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abccc6. 65。
  173. ^ Grieves, N.; Bouchy, F.; Armstrong, D. J.; et al. (23 June 2024). "Refining the WASP-132 multi-planetary system: discovery of a cold giant planet and mass measurement of a hot super-Earth". arXiv:2406.15986v1 [astro-ph.EP]。
  174. ^ Hirano, Teruyuki; Dai, Fei; Gandolfi, Davide; et al. (2015). "Exoplanets around Low-mass Stars Unveiled by K2". The Astronomical Journal. 155 (3): 23. arXiv:1710.03239. Bibcode:2018AJ....155..127H. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaa9c1. 127。
  175. ^ a b c d e Mayo, Andrew W.; Vanderburg, Andrew; Latham, David W.; et al. (2018). "275 Candidates and 149 Validated Planets Orbiting Bright Stars in K2 Campaigns 0-10". The Astronomical Journal. 155 (3): 25. arXiv:1802.05277. Bibcode:2018AJ....155..136M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaadff. 136。
  176. ^ Dransfield, Georgina; Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.; Guillot, Tristan; et al. (2022). "HD 28109 hosts a trio of transiting Neptunian planets including a near-resonant pair, confirmed by ASTEP from Antarctica". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 515 (1): 1328–1345. arXiv:2205.09046. Bibcode:2022MNRAS.515.1328D. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac1383
  177. ^ Damasso, M.; Biazzo, K.; Bonomo, A. S.; et al. (2015). "The GAPS programme with HARPS-N at TNG. V. A comprehensive analysis of the XO-2 stellar and planetary systems". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 575 (A111). arXiv:1501.01424. Bibcode:2015A&A...575A.111D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201425332
  178. ^ Ruggieri, A.; Desidera, S.; Biazzo, K.; et al. (2024). "The GAPS Programme at TNG. LIII. New insights on the peculiar XO-2 system". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 684 (A116): 16. arXiv:2401.17876. Bibcode:2024A&A...684A.116R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348042
  179. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe Morton, Timothy D.; Bryson, Stephen T.; Coughlin, Jeffrey L.; et al. (2016). "False Positive Probabilities for all Kepler Objects of Interest: 1284 Newly Validated Planets and 428 Likely False Positives". The Astrophysical Journal. 822 (2): 15. arXiv:1605.02825. Bibcode:2016ApJ...822...86M. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/822/2/86. 86。
  180. ^ Palle, E.; Nowak, G.; Luque, R.; et al. (2019). "Detection and Doppler monitoring of K2-285 (EPIC 246471491), a system of four transiting planets smaller than Neptune". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 623: 10. arXiv:1808.00575. Bibcode:2019A&A...623A..41P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834001. A41。
  181. ^ Petigura, Erik A.; Sinukoff, Evan; Lopez, Eric D.; et al. (2017). "Four Sub-Saturns with Dissimilar Densities: Windows into Planetary Cores and Envelopes". The Astronomical Journal. 153 (4): 142. arXiv:1702.00001. Bibcode:2017AJ....153..142P. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa5ea5
  182. ^ Léger, A.; Rouan, D.; Schneider, J.; et al. (2009). "Transiting exoplanets from the CoRoT space mission VIII. CoRoT-7b: the first Super-Earth with measured radius". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 506 (1): 287–302. arXiv:0908.0241. Bibcode:2009A&A...506..287L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200911933. S2CID 5682749
  183. ^ Anna John, Ancy; Collier Cameron, Andrew; Wilson, Thomas G. (2022). "The impact of two non-transiting planets and stellar activity on mass determinations for the super-Earth CoRoT-7b". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 515 (3): 3975–3995. arXiv:2206.14216. Bibcode:2022MNRAS.515.3975J. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac1814
  184. ^ Turtelboom, Emma V.; Weiss, Lauren M.; Dressing, Courtney D.; et al. (2022). "The TESS-Keck Survey. XI. Mass Measurements for Four Transiting Sub-Neptunes Orbiting K Dwarf TOI-1246". The Astronomical Journal. 163 (6): 25. arXiv:2204.11895. Bibcode:2022AJ....163..293T. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac69e5. 293。
  185. ^ MacDougall, Mason G.; Petigura, Erik A.; Gilbert, Gregory J.; et al. (2023). "The TESS-Keck Survey. XV. Precise Properties of 108 TESS Planets and Their Host Stars". The Astronomical Journal. 166 (1): 17. arXiv:2306.00251. Bibcode:2023AJ....166...33M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acd557. 33。
  186. ^ Nascimbeni, V.; Borsato, L.; Leonardi, P.; et al. (16 September 2024). "The K2-24 planetary system revisited by CHEOPS". arXiv:2409.02995v1 [astro-ph.EP]。
  187. ^ Kunimoto, Michelle; Vanderburg, Andrew; Huang, Chelsea X.; et al. (2023). "TOI-4010: A System of Three Large Short-period Planets with a Massive Long-period Companion". The Astronomical Journal. 166 (1): 22. arXiv:2306.05308. Bibcode:2023AJ....166....7K. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acd537. 7。
  188. ^ a b Torres, Guillermo; Kipping, David M.; Fressin, Francois; et al. (2015). "Validation of 12 Small Kepler Transiting Planets in the Habitable Zone". The Astrophysical Journal. 800 (2): 24. arXiv:1501.01101. Bibcode:2015ApJ...800...99T. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/800/2/99. 99。
  189. ^ Sinukoff, Evan; Howard, Andrew W.; Petigura, Erik A.; et al. (2016). "Eleven Multiplanet Systems from K2 Campaigns 1 and 2 and the Masses of Two Hot Super-Earths". The Astrophysical Journal. 827 (1): 27. arXiv:1511.09213. Bibcode:2016ApJ...827...78S. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/78. 78。
  190. ^ a b de Leon, J. P.; Livingston, J.; Endl, M.; et al. (2021). "37 new validated planets in overlapping K2 campaigns". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 508 (1): 195–218. arXiv:2108.05621. Bibcode:2021MNRAS.508..195D. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab2305
  191. ^ Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Ciardi, David R.; Petigura, Erik A.; et al. (2016). "197 Candidates and 104 Validated Planets in K2's First Five Fields". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 226 (1): 20. arXiv:1607.05263. Bibcode:2016ApJS..226....7C. doi:10.3847/0067-0049/226/1/7. 7。
  192. ^ Lopez, T. A.; Barros, S. C. C.; Santerne, A.; et al. (2019). "Exoplanet characterisation in the longest known resonant chain: the K2-138 system seen by HARPS". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 631: A90. arXiv:1909.13527. Bibcode:2019A&A...631A..90L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936267. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 203593804
  193. ^ Christiansen, Jessie L.; Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Barentsen, Geert; et al. (2018). "The K2-138 System: A Near-resonant Chain of Five Sub-Neptune Planets Discovered by Citizen Scientists". The Astronomical Journal. 155 (2): 57. arXiv:1801.03874. Bibcode:2018AJ....155...57C. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa9be0. ISSN 1538-3881. S2CID 52971376
  194. ^ Silva Aguirre, V.; Davies, G. R.; Basu, S.; et al. (2015). "Ages and fundamental properties of Kepler exoplanet host stars from asteroseismology". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 452 (2): 2127–2148. arXiv:1504.07992. Bibcode:2015MNRAS.452.2127S. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1388
  195. ^ Bakos, G. Á.; Howard, A. W.; Noyes, R. W.; et al. (2009). "HAT-P-13b,c: A Transiting Hot Jupiter with a Massive Outer Companion on an Eccentric Orbit". The Astrophysical Journal. 707 (1): 446–456. arXiv:0907.3525. Bibcode:2009ApJ...707..446B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/446. S2CID 7591731
  196. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Valizadegan, Hamed; Martinho, Miguel J. S.; Wilkens, Laurent S.; et al. (2022). "ExoMiner: A Highly Accurate and Explainable Deep Learning Classifier That Validates 301 New Exoplanets". The Astronomical Journal. 926 (2): 120. arXiv:2111.10009. Bibcode:2022ApJ...926..120V. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac4399
  197. ^ Bryant, Edward M.; Bayliss, Daniel (2022). "Revisiting WASP-47 with ESPRESSO and TESS". The Astronomical Journal. 163 (5): 15. arXiv:2202.12747. Bibcode:2022AJ....163..197B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac58ff. 197。
  198. ^ Jontof-Hutter, Daniel; Wolfgang, Angie; Ford, Eric B.; et al. (2021). "Following Up the Kepler Field: Masses of Targets for Transit Timing and Atmospheric Characterization". The Astronomical Journal. 161 (5): 39. arXiv:2101.01202. Bibcode:2021AJ....161..246J. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abd93f. 246。
  199. ^ Nespral, D.; Gandolfi, D.; Deeg, H. J.; et al. (2017). "Mass determination of K2-19b and K2-19c from radial velocities and transit timing variations". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 601 (A128): 8. arXiv:1604.01265. Bibcode:2017A&A...601A.128N. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201628639. S2CID 55978628
  200. ^ Sinukoff, Evan; Howard, Andrew W.; Petigura, Erik A.; et al. (2016). "Eleven Multiplanet Systems From K2 Campaigns 1 and 2 and the Masses of Two Hot Super-Earths". The Astrophysical Journal. 827 (1): 27. arXiv:1511.09213. Bibcode:2016ApJ...827...78S. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/78
  201. ^ Borucki, William J.; Agol, Eric; Fressin, Francois; et al. (2013). "Kepler-62: A Five-Planet System with Planets of 1.4 and 1.6 Earth Radii in the Habitable Zone". Science Express. 340 (6132): 587–590. arXiv:1304.7387. Bibcode:2013Sci...340..587B. doi:10.1126/science.1234702. PMID 23599262. S2CID 21029755
  202. ^ Wang, Kaitlyn; Ge, Jian; Willis, Kevin; et al. (2024). "Discovery of Small Ultra-short-period Planets Orbiting KG Dwarfs in Kepler Survey Using GPU Phase Folding and Deep Learning Detection System". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 528 (3): 4053–4067. arXiv:2312.17382. Bibcode:2024MNRAS.tmp.2144W. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae245
  203. ^ Hidalgo, D.; Pallé, E.; Alonso, R.; et al. (2020). "Three planets transiting the evolved star EPIC 249893012: a hot 8.8-M⊕ super-Earth and two warm 14.7 and 10.2-M⊕ sub-Neptunes". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 636: 13. arXiv:2002.01755. Bibcode:2020A&A...636A..89H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937080. A89。
  204. ^ Sinukoff, Evan; Howard, Andrew W.; Petigura, Erik A.; et al. (2016). "Eleven Multi-planet Systems from K2 Campaigns 1 & 2 and the Masses of Two Hot Super-Earths". The Astrophysical Journal. 827 (1): 78. arXiv:1511.09213. Bibcode:2015ApJ...809...25M. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/78
  205. ^ Heller, René; Hippke, Michael; Rodenbeck, Kai (2019). "Transit least-squares survey -- II. Discovery and validation of 17 new sub- to super-Earth-sized planets in multi-planet systems from K2". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 627. arXiv:1905.09038. Bibcode:2019A&A...627A..66H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935600. A66。
  206. ^ Vítková, Michaela; Brahm, Rafael; Trifonov, Trifon; et al. (7 December 2024). "TOI-4504: Exceptionally large Transit Timing Variations induced by two resonant warm gas giants in a three planet system". arXiv:2412.05609v1 [astro-ph.EP]。
  207. ^ Kipping, D. M.; Torres, G.; Henze, C.; et al. (2016). "A Transiting Jupiter Analog". The Astrophysical Journal. 820 (2): 15. arXiv:1603.00042. Bibcode:2016ApJ...820..112K. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/820/2/112. 112。
  208. ^ a b Adams, Elisabeth R.; Jackson, Brian; Johnson, Samantha; et al. (2021). "Ultra-short-period Planets in K2. III. Neighbors are Common with 13 New Multiplanet Systems and 10 Newly Validated Planets in Campaigns 0-8 and 10". The Planetary Science Journal. 2 (4): 30. arXiv:2011.01169. Bibcode:2021PSJ.....2..152A. doi:10.3847/PSJ/ac0ea08. 152。
  209. ^ Fox, Chris; Wiegert, Paul (2018). "A new planet in the Kepler-159 system from transit timing variations". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 482 (1): 639–648. arXiv:1810.06486. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.482..639F. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2738
  210. ^ Shallue, C. J.; Vanderburg, A. (2018). "Identifying Exoplanets With Deep Learning: A Five Planet Resonant Chain Around Kepler-80 And An Eighth Planet Around Kepler-90". The Astrophysical Journal. 155 (2): 94. arXiv:1712.05044. Bibcode:2018AJ....155...94S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa9e09. S2CID 4535051
  211. ^ Weiss, Lauren M.; Fabrycky, Daniel C.; Agol, Eric; et al. (2020). "The Discovery of the Long-Period, Eccentric Planet Kepler-88 d and System Characterization with Radial Velocities and Photodynamical Analysis". The Astronomical Journal. 159 (5): 242. arXiv:1909.02427. Bibcode:2020AJ....159..242W. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab88ca. ISSN 1538-3881. S2CID 202539420
  212. ^ Weiss, Lauren M.; Isaacson, Howard; Howard, Andrew W.; et al. (2024). "The Kepler Giant Planet Search. I: A Decade of Kepler Planet-host Radial Velocities from W. M. Keck Observatory". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 270 (1). arXiv:2304.00071. Bibcode:2024ApJS..270....8W. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ad0cab
  213. ^ Esmer, Ekrem Murat; Baştürk, Özgür; Selim Osman Selam; Aliş, Sinan (2022). "Detection of two additional circumbinary planets around Kepler-451". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 511 (4): 5207–5216. arXiv:2202.02118. Bibcode:2022MNRAS.511.5207E. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac357
  214. ^ Zhang, Jingwen; Weiss, Lauren M.; Huber, Daniel; et al. (2021). "Long Period Jovian Tilts the Orbits of Two sub-Neptunes Relative to Stellar Spin Axis in Kepler-129". The Astronomical Journal. 162 (3). arXiv:2105.03446. Bibcode:2021AJ....162...89Z. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac0634
  215. ^ Cochran, William D.; Fabrycky, Daniel C.; Torres, Guillermo; et al. (2011). "Kepler 18-b, c, and d: A System Of Three Planets Confirmed by Transit Timing Variations, Lightcurve Validation, Spitzer Photometry and Radial Velocity Measurements". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 197 (1): 7. arXiv:1110.0820. Bibcode:2011ApJS..197....7C. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/197/1/7. S2CID 16505452
  216. ^ Torres, Guillermo; Kane, Stephen R.; Rowe, Jason F.; et al. (2017). "Validation of Small Kepler Transiting Planet Candidates in or near the Habitable Zone". The Astronomical Journal. 154 (6). arXiv:1711.01267. Bibcode:2017AJ....154..264T. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa984b. 264。
  217. ^ Hirano, Teruyuki; Narita, Norio; Sato, Bun'ei; et al. (2012). "Planet-Planet Eclipse and the Rossiter-McLaughlin Effect of a Multiple Transiting System: Joint Analysis of the Subaru Spectroscopy and the Kepler Photometry". The Astrophysical Journal. 759 (2). L36. arXiv:1209.4362. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L..36H. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/2/L36
  218. ^ Livingston, John H.; Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Petigura, Erik A.; et al. (2018). "Sixty Validated Planets from K2 Campaigns 5-8". The Astronomical Journal. 156 (6): 30. arXiv:1810.04074. Bibcode:2018AJ....156..277L. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aae778. 277。
  219. ^ Kepler-1669 Overview”. NASA Exoplanet Archive. IPAC/Caltech. 2025年1月21日閲覧。
  220. ^ a b c d e f Valizadegan, Hamed; Martinho, Miguel J. S.; Jenkins, Jon M.; et al. (2023). "Multiplicity Boost of Transit Signal Classifiers: Validation of 69 New Exoplanets using the Multiplicity Boost of ExoMiner". The Astronomical Journal. 166 (1): 28. arXiv:2305.02470. Bibcode:2023AJ....166...28V. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acd344
  221. ^ Kepler-1987 Overview”. NASA Exoplanet Archive. IPAC/Caltech. 2025年1月21日閲覧。
  222. ^ Borsato, L.; Malavolta, L.; Piotto, G.; et al. (2019). "HARPS-N radial velocities confirm the low densities of the Kepler-9 planets". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 484 (3): 3233–3243. arXiv:1901.05471. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.484.3233B. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz181. S2CID 85454312
  223. ^ Bedell, Megan; Bean, Jacob L.; Meléndez, Jorge; et al. (2017). "Kepler-11 is a Solar Twin: Revising the Masses and Radii of Benchmark Planets via Precise Stellar Characterization". The Astrophysical Journal. 839 (2). 94. arXiv:1611.06239. Bibcode:2017ApJ...839...94B. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa6a1
  224. ^ Konacki, M.; Wolszczan, A. (2003). "Masses and Orbital Inclinations of Planets in the PSR B1257+12 System". The Astrophysical Journal. 591 (2): L147–L150. arXiv:astro-ph/0305536. Bibcode:2003ApJ...591L.147K. doi:10.1086/377093. S2CID 18649212
  225. ^ Saad-Olivera, Ximena; Nesvorný, David; Kipping, David M.; Roig, Fernando (2017). "Masses of Kepler-46b, c from Transit Timing Variations". The Astronomical Journal. 153 (4). 198. arXiv:1704.01541. Bibcode:2017AJ....153..198S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa64e0. S2CID 119513521
  226. ^ Huang, Chelsea; Wu, Yanqin; Triaud, Amaury H. M. J. (2016). "Warm Jupiters Are Less Lonely Than Hot Jupiters: Close Neighbors". The Astrophysical Journal. 825 (2): 98. arXiv:1601.05095. Bibcode:2016ApJ...825...98H. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/825/2/98. S2CID 119290761
  227. ^ Libby-Roberts, Jessica E.; Berta-Thompson, Zachory K.; Desert, Jean-Miche; et al. (2020). "The Featureless Transmission Spectra of Two Super-puff Planets". The Astronomical Journal. 159 (2): 57. arXiv:1910.12988. Bibcode:2020AJ....159...57L. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab5d36. S2CID 204950000
  228. ^ Masuda, Kento; Libby-Roberts, Jessica E.; Livingston, John H.; et al. (2 October 2024). "A Fourth Planet in the Kepler-51 System Revealed by Transit Timing Variations". arXiv:2410.01625v1 [astro-ph.EP]。
  229. ^ Gray, R. O.; Corbally, C. J.; De Cat, P.; et al. (2016). "LAMOST Observations in the Kepler Field: Spectral Classification with the MKCLASS Code". The Astronomical Journal. 151 (1): 13. Bibcode:2016AJ....151...13G. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/151/1/13. S2CID 126346435
  230. ^ Cabrera, J.; Csizmadia, Sz.; Lehmann, H.; et al. (2014). "The planetary system to KIC 11442793: A compact analogue to the Solar System". The Astrophysical Journal. 781 (1): 18. arXiv:1310.6248. Bibcode:2014ApJ...781...18C. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/781/1/18. S2CID 118875825
  231. ^ Shallue, Christopher J.; Vanderburg, Andrew (2018). "Identifying Exoplanets with Deep Learning: A Five-planet Resonant Chain around Kepler-80 and an Eighth Planet around Kepler-90". The Astronomical Journal. 155: 94. arXiv:1712.05044. Bibcode:2018AJ....155...94S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa9e09
  232. ^ Armstrong, David J.; Gamper, Jevgenij; Damoulas, Theodoros (2021). "Exoplanet validation with machine learning: 50 new validated Kepler planets". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 504 (4): 5327–5344. arXiv:2008.10516. Bibcode:2021MNRAS.504.5327A. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2498
  233. ^ Leleu, A.; Delisle, J.-B.; Udry, S.; et al. (2023). "Removing biases on the density of sub-Neptunes characterised via transit timing variations. Update on the mass-radius relationship of 34 Kepler planets". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 669: A117. arXiv:2207.07456. Bibcode:2023A&A...669A.117L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244132
  234. ^ Ford, Eric B.; Fabrycky, Daniel C.; Steffen, Jason H.; et al. (2012). "Transit Timing Observations Fromkepler. Ii. Confirmation of Two Multiplanet Systems Via a Non-Parametric Correlation Analysis". The Astrophysical Journal. 750 (2): 113. arXiv:1201.5409. Bibcode:2012ApJ...750..113F. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/750/2/113. S2CID 4528963
  235. ^ Sanchis-Ojeda, Roberto; Fabrycky, Daniel C.; Winn, Joshua N.; et al. (2012). "Alignment of the stellar spin with the orbits of a three-planet system". Nature. 487 (7408): 449–453. arXiv:1207.5804. Bibcode:2012Natur.487..449S. doi:10.1038/nature11301. PMID 22836999. S2CID 685995
  236. ^ Fellay, L.; Buldgen, G.; Eggenberger, P.; et al. (2021). "Asteroseismology of evolved stars to constrain the internal transport of angular momentum". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 654 (A133). arXiv:2108.02670. Bibcode:2021A&A...654A.133F. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140518. S2CID 239652877
  237. ^ Huber, Daniel; Carter, Joshua; Barbieri, Mauro; et al. (2013). "Stellar Spin-Orbit Misalignment in a Multiplanet System". Science. 342 (6156): 331–334. arXiv:1310.4503. Bibcode:2013Sci...342..331H. doi:10.1126/science.1242066. PMID 24136961. S2CID 1056370
  238. ^ a b Masuda, Kento; Winn, Joshua N.; Kawahara, Hajime (2020). "Mutual Orbital Inclinations between Cold Jupiters and Inner Super-Earths". The Astronomical Journal. 159 (2): 38. arXiv:1912.00387. Bibcode:2020AJ....159...38M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab5c1d
  239. ^ Heller, René; Hippke, Michael; Freudenthal, Jantje; et al. (2020). "Transit least-squares survey". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 638: A10. arXiv:2006.02123. Bibcode:2020A&A...638A..10H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936929
  240. ^ Orosz, Jerome A.; Welsh, William F.; Haghighipour, Nader; et al. (2019). "Discovery of a Third Transiting Planet in the Kepler-47 Circumbinary System". The Astrnomical Journal. 157 (5): 174. arXiv:1904.07255. Bibcode:2019AJ....157..174O. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab0ca0
  241. ^ Orosz, Jerome A.; Welsh, William F.; Carter, Joshua A.; et al. (2012). "Kepler-47: A Transiting Circumbinary Multi-Planet System". Science. 337 (6101): 1511–1514. arXiv:1208.5489. Bibcode:2012Sci...337.1511O. doi:10.1126/science.1228380. PMID 22933522
  242. ^ Wang, Ji; Fischer, Debra A.; Barclay, Thomas; et al. (2015). "Planet Hunters. VIII. Characterization of 41 Long-period Exoplanet Candidates from Kepler Archival Data". The Astrophysical Journal. 815 (2): 20. arXiv:1512.02559. Bibcode:2015ApJ...815..127W. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/815/2/127. 127。
  243. ^ Sikora, James; Rowe, Jason; Jontof-Hutter, Daniel; Lissauer, Jack J. (2022). "Refining the Masses and Radii of the Star Kepler-33 and its Five Transiting Planets". The Astronomical Journal. 164 (6): 242. arXiv:2211.00703. Bibcode:2022AJ....164..242S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac98c4
  244. ^ Lissauer, Jack J.; Rowe, Jason F.; Jontof-Hutter, Daniel; et al. (2024). "Updated Catalog of Kepler Planet Candidates: Focus on Accuracy and Orbital Periods". The Planetary Science Journal. 5 (6): 152. arXiv:2311.00238. Bibcode:2024PSJ.....5..152L. doi:10.3847/PSJ/ad0e6e [1]にてデータ利用可能
  245. ^ Mugrauer, M.; Seifahrt, A.; Neuhäuser, R.; Mazeh, T. (2006). "HD 3651 B: the first directly imaged brown dwarf companion of an exoplanet host star". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters. 373 (1): L31–L35. arXiv:astro-ph/0608484. Bibcode:2006MNRAS.373L..31M. doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2006.00237.x. S2CID 15608344
  246. ^ Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Butler, R. Paul; Vogt, Steven S.; et al. (1999). "Two New Planets in Eccentric Orbits". The Astrophysical Journal. 520 (1): 239–247. arXiv:astro-ph/9904275. Bibcode:1999ApJ...520..239M. doi:10.1086/307451. S2CID 16827678
  247. ^ Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Butler, R. Paul; Vogt, Steven S.; et al. (2001). "Two Substellar Companions Orbiting HD 168443". The Astrophysical Journal. 555 (1): 418–425. Bibcode:2001ApJ...555..418M. doi:10.1086/321445
  248. ^ Cheetham, A.; Ségransan, D.; Peretti, S.; et al. (2018). "Direct imaging of an ultracool substellar companion to the exoplanet host star HD 4113 A". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 614: 19. arXiv:1712.05217. Bibcode:2018A&A...614A..16C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201630136. S2CID 119084543. A16。
  249. ^ Feng, Fabo; Butler, R. Paul; Shectman, Stephen A.; et al. (2020). "Search for Nearby Earth Analogs. II. Detection of Five New Planets, Eight Planet Candidates, and Confirmation of Three Planets around Nine Nearby M Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 246 (1): 32. arXiv:2001.02577. Bibcode:2020ApJS..246...11F. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ab5e7c
  250. ^ Feng, Fabo; Anglada-Escudé, Guillem; Tuomi, Mikko; et al. (2019). "Detection of the nearest Jupiter analog in radial velocity and astrometry". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 490 (4): 5002–5016. arXiv:1910.06804. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.490.5002F. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2912. S2CID 204575783
  251. ^ Scholz, R.-D.; McCaughrean, M. J.; Lodieu, N.; Kuhlbrodt, B. (2003). "ε Indi B: A new benchmark T dwarf". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 398 (3): L29–L33. arXiv:astro-ph/0212487. Bibcode:2003A&A...398L..29S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20021847. S2CID 119474823
  252. ^ Fischer, Debra A.; Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Butler, R. Paul; et al. (2003). "A Planetary Companion to HD 40979 and Additional Planets Orbiting HD 12661 and HD 38529". The Astrophysical Journal. 586 (2): 1394–1408. Bibcode:2003ApJ...586.1394F. doi:10.1086/367889
  253. ^ Khandelwal, Akanksha; Sharma, Rishikesh; Chakraborty, Abhijit; et al. (2023). "Discovery of a massive giant planet with extreme density around the sub-giant star TOI-4603". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 672: L7. arXiv:2303.11841. Bibcode:2023A&A...672L...7K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202245608. ISSN 0004-6361
  254. ^ Zhang, Keming; Zang, Weicheng; El-Badry, Kareem; et al. (September 2024). "An Earth-mass planet and a brown dwarf in orbit around a white dwarf". Nature Astronomy. 8 (12): 1575–1582. arXiv:2409.02157. Bibcode:2024NatAs...8.1575Z. doi:10.1038/s41550-024-02375-9

関連項目


惑星系の一覧

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 (2022/05/02 05:49 UTC 版)

複数惑星系の一覧」の記事における「惑星系の一覧」の解説

恒星質量半径表面温度年齢、距離、視等級中央値のみ掲載する視等級特記しない限りVバンドで示すが、ケプラー宇宙望遠鏡発見した惑星Kepler Discoveries Table掲載されているケプラーバンド(Kp)で示す。 表の色は確認された惑星数を表す2 3 4 5 6 7 8 主星星座赤経赤緯視等級距離(ly)スペクトル型質量(M☉)半径(R☉)表面温度(K)年齢(Gyr)惑星(未確認)出典太陽 - - - -26.7 0 G2V 1.00 1.00 5778 45.73 参照 くじら座τ星 くじら座 01h 44m 04s −15° 56153.5 11.9 G8.5V 0.783 0.793 5344 5.8 (b c d e f) カプタイン星 がか座 05h 11m 40.6s −45° 0106″ 8.85 12.78 sdM1V unknown unknown 3700 10.0 b c ウォルフ1061 へびつかい座 16h 30m 18.058s −12° 39′ 45.32″ 10.072 13.82 M3V 0.25 unknown 3393 unknown b c d グリーゼ876 みずがめ座 22h 53m 13s −14° 1513″ 10.17 15.3 M4V 0.334 0.36 3350 2.5 b c d e グリーゼ832 つる座 21h 33m 33.9752s −49° 00′ 32.422″ 8.67 16.1 M1.5V 0.45 0.48 3407 unknown b c エリダヌス座82番星 エリダヌス座 03h 19m 55.6505s −43° 04′ 11.221″ 4.27 19.77 G8V 0.97 0.92 5200 13.0 b c d グリーゼ581 てんびん座 15h 19m 26.823s −07° 43′ 20.21″ 10.55 20.4 M5V 0.31 0.29 3480 7~11 b c e(d f g) グリーゼ892 カシオペヤ座 23h 13m 16.97632s +57° 10′ 06.0823″ 5.574 21.2 K3V 0.78 0.778 4699 12.46 b c d e f g h グリーゼ667C さそり座 17h 18m 57.16s −34° 59′ 23.14″ 10.20 22 M1.5 0.37 0.42 3700 >2 b c(d e f g h) おとめ座61番星 おとめ座 13h 18m 24s −18° 1840″ 4.74 27.78 G5V 0.95 0.94 5531 8.96 b c d かに座55番星 かに座 08h 52m 35.81s +28° 19′ 50.95″ 5.95 40.25 K0IV-V 0.905 0.943 5196 10.5 b c d e f HD 69830 とも座 08h 18m 23.94706s −12° 37′ 55.8116″ 5.95 41 G8+V 0.89 0.86 5385 7 b c d HD 40307 がか座 05h 54m 04.24s −60° 01′ 24.5″ 7.17 42 K2V 0.752 0.7 4977 unknown b c d e f g アンドロメダ座υ星 アンドロメダ座 01h 36m 47.84s +41° 24′ 19.7″ 4.09 44.25 F8V 1.27 1.48 6074 2.6 b c d e おおぐま座47番星 おおぐま座 10h 59m 29s +40° 25465.1 45.54 G0V 1.03 1.24 5892 7.4 b c d おおかみ座ν2星 おおかみ座 15h 21m 49.57s −48° 19′ 01.1″ 5.65 47 G2V unknown unknown unknown unknown b c d グリーゼ163 かじき座 04h 09m 15.663s −53° 22′ 25.305″ 7.135 49 M3.5V 0.4 unknown 3500 unknown b c d e f さいだん座μ星 さいだん座 17h 44m 08.7s −51° 5003″ 5.12 49.8 G3IV-V 1.1 1.315 5813 6.41 b c d e HD 113538 ケンタウルス座 13h 04m 57.48s −52° 26′ 34.5″ 9.057 52 K9V 0.7 0.65 4685 unknown b c グリーゼ777 はくちょう座 20h 03m 37s +29° 5348″ 5.71 51.8 G6IV 1.04 1.2 5588 12.11 b c HD 128311 うしかい座 14h 36m 00.56s +09° 44′ 47.5″ 7.51 53.8 K0V 0.804 0.73 4965 0.39 b c グリーゼ676A さいだん座 17h 30m 11.2s −51° 38′ 13.1″ 9.59 54 M0V 0.71 unknown unknown unknown b c d e しし座83番星B しし座 11h 26m 46.28s +03° 00′ 22.8″ 7.57 58.6 K2V 0.83 0.96 4740 4 b c ヘルクレス座14番星 ヘルクレス座 16h 10m 24.31s +43° 49′ 03.5″ 7.49(K) 59.16 K0V 0.9 unknown 5311 unknown b c HD 217107 うお座 22h 58m 15.54s −02° 23′ 43.4″ 6.17 64.8 G8IV 0.98 1.31 5570 7.7 b c グリーゼ221 オリオン座 05h 53m 00s −05° 5941″ 9.69 65 K7V 0.64 unknown 4040 1~5 b c(d) HD 215152 みずがめ座 22h 43m 21s −06° 2403″ 8.13 70 G8IV 1.019 unknown 5646 7.32 b c HD 1461 くじら座 00h 18m 41.87s −08° 0310.8″ 6.47 75.8 G0V 1.08 1.095 5765 6.3 b c HD 134060 コンパス座 15h 10m 44.74s −61° 25′ 20.3″ 6.29 79 G3IV unknown unknown unknown unknown b c HD 60532 とも座 07h 34m 03.18s −22° 17′ 45.8″ 4.46 83 F6IV-V 1.444 1.26 6095 2.671 b c HD 96700 うみへび座 11h 07m 54s −30° 1028″ 6.50 83.5 G0V unknown unknown 5940 unknown b c てんびん座23番星 てんびん座 15h 13m 28.67s −25° 18′ 33.6″ 6.45 83.62 G5V 1.1 1.25 5585 11.1 b c HD 142 ほうおう座 00h 06m 19s −49° 0430″ 5.7 83.9 G1IV 1.1 0.86 6180 5.93 b c HD 39194 テーブルさん座 05h 44m 32s −70° 0837″ 8.08 84? K0V unknown unknown unknown unknown b c d HIP 57274 おおぐま座 11h 44m 41s +30° 5733″ 8.96 ~85 K5V 0.73 0.68 4640 7.87 b c d HD 181433 くじゃく座 19h 25m 09.57s −66° 28′ 07.67″ 8.38 85.25 K3IV 0.78 unknown 4962 6.7 b c d HD 134606 ふうちょう座 15h 15m 15s −70° 3111″ 6.85 87 G6IV unknown unknown unknown unknown b c d HD 82943 うみへび座 09h 34m 50.74s −12° 07′ 46.4″ 6.54 90 G0V 1.175 1.064 5874 3.08 b c(d) HD 114386 ケンタウルス座 13h 10m 39s −35° 0317″ 8.73 91.28 K3V 0.75 0.76 4819 2.19 b c HD 13808 エリダヌス座 02h 12m 43s −53° 4438″ 8.38 ~93 K2V unknown unknown unknown unknown b c 恒星星座赤経赤緯視等級距離(ly)スペクトル型質量(M☉)半径(R☉)表面温度(K)年齢(Gyr)惑星(未確認)出典HD 21693 レチクル座 03h 27m 12s −58° 1925″ 7.94 105 G9IV unknown unknown unknown unknown b c HD 11964 くじら座 01h 57m 09.61s −10° 14′ 32.7″ 6.42 107 G5IV 1.125 2.234 5522 9.561 b c HD 45364 おおいぬ座 06h 25m 38.48s −31° 28′ 51.4″ 8.07 107 G8V 0.815 0.796 5434 7.546 b c HD 37124 おうし座 05h 37m 02.486s +20° 43′ 50.84″ 7.68 110 G4IV-V 0.85 0.82 5610 3.33 b c d HD 65216 りゅうこつ座 07h 53m 41.3s −63° 38′ 50.4″ 7.98 112 G5V 0.92 unknown 5666 unknown b c HD 12661 おひつじ座 02h 04m 34.29s +25° 24′ 51.5″ 7.44 114 G6V 1.068 1.12 5742 7.051 b c HD 51608 りゅうこつ座 06h 54m 51s −55° 1534″ 8.17 114 K0IV unknown unknown unknown unknown b c HD 20781 ろ座 03h 20m 03s −28° 4702″ 8.44 115 G9.5V unknown unknown unknown unknown b c ケプラー444 こと座 19h 19m 0.55s 41° 38′ 4.58″ 8.717 117.4 K0V 0.76 0.75 5046 11.23 b c d e f HD 169830 いて座 18h 27m 49.48s −29° 49′ 00.7″ 5.91 119 F9V 1.413 1.84 6266 4.95 b c HD 215456 つる座 22h 46m 08s −48° 5844″ 6.63 124 G0.5V unknown unknown unknown unknown b c ケプラー42 はくちょう座 19h 28m 52.57s +44° 37′ 8.98″ 15.92 126.1 M5V 0.17 0.13 3068 unknown b c d HD 31527 うさぎ座 04h 55m 38s −23° 1431″ 7.48 ~126 G0V unknown unknown unknown unknown b c d HD 10180 みずへび座 01h 37m 53.58s −60° 30′ 41.5″ 7.33 127 G1V 1.06 1.2 5911 4.3 b c d e f g h(i j) HD 38529A オリオン座 05h 46m 34.96s +01° 10′ 06.7″ 5.94 128 G4V 1.48 2.82 5697 3.28 b c(d) HD 47186 おおいぬ座 06h 36m 08.84s −27° 37′ 20.3″ 7.79 129 G6V 0.99 unknown 5675 4.437 b c HR 8799 ペガスス座 23h 07m 28.71s +21° 08′ 03.3″ 5.964 129 A5V 1.47 1.34 7430 0.064 b c d e HIP 5158 くじら座 01h 06m 02.05s −22° 27′ 11.3″ 10.21 130 K5V 0.78 0.71 4962 <6 b c BD-08°2823 ろくぶんぎ座 10h 00m 47.72s −09° 3100″ 9.86 137.6 K3V 0.74 unknown 4746 4.5 b c HD 93385 ほ座 10h 46m 15s −41° 2752″ 7.49 ~138 G2-3V unknown unknown unknown unknown b c HD 147018 みなみのさんかく座 16h 23m 00.15s −61° 41′ 19.5″ 8.4 139 G9V 0.927 unknown 5441 6.36 b c HD 215497 きょしちょう座 22h 46m 36.755s −56° 35′ 58.32″ 8.96 142 K3V 0.865 1.01 4852 4.568 b c HD 20003 みずへび座 03h 07m 37.91875s −72° 19′ 18.801″ 8.37 ~143 G8V unknown unknown unknown unknown b c HD 37605 オリオン座 05h 40m 01.73s +06° 03′ 38.1″ 8.661 143.44 K0V 1 0.901 5448 ~7 b c HD 155358 ヘルクレス座 17h 09m 34.62s +33° 21′ 21.08″ 7.27 ~144 G0 0.89 unknown 5808 11.9 b c HD 204313 やぎ座 21h 28m 12.2063s −21° 43′ 34.517″ 7.99 154 G5V 1.045 unknown 5767 3.38 b c d HD 187123 はくちょう座 19h 46m 58.11s +34° 25′ 10.3″ 7.89 156.28 G5V 1.056 0.984 5714 5.327 b c HD 11506 くじら座 01h 52m 50.53s −19° 30′ 25.1″ 7.537 169 G0V 1.19 1.38 6058 5.4 b c HD 41248 がか座 06h 00m 32.78s −56° 09′ 42.6″ 8.81 171 G2V 0.92 0.96 5713 2 b c HD 159868 さそり座 17h 39m 00s −43° 0844″ 7.24 171.8 G5V 1.09 unknown 5395 8.1 b c HIP 14810 おひつじ座 03h 11m 14.230s +21° 05′ 50.49″ 8.52 172.45 G5V 0.99 1.00 5485 unknown b c d HD 9446 さんかく座 01h 33m 20.0s +29° 1555″ 8.35 172.78 G5V 1 1 5793 unknown b c

※この「惑星系の一覧」の解説は、「複数惑星系の一覧」の解説の一部です。
「惑星系の一覧」を含む「複数惑星系の一覧」の記事については、「複数惑星系の一覧」の概要を参照ください。

ウィキペディア小見出し辞書の「惑星系の一覧」の項目はプログラムで機械的に意味や本文を生成しているため、不適切な項目が含まれていることもあります。ご了承くださいませ。 お問い合わせ


英和和英テキスト翻訳>> Weblio翻訳
英語⇒日本語日本語⇒英語
  

辞書ショートカット

すべての辞書の索引

「惑星系の一覧」の関連用語

惑星系の一覧のお隣キーワード
検索ランキング

   

英語⇒日本語
日本語⇒英語
   



惑星系の一覧のページの著作権
Weblio 辞書 情報提供元は 参加元一覧 にて確認できます。

   
ウィキペディアウィキペディア
All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License.
この記事は、ウィキペディアの複数惑星系の一覧 (改訂履歴)の記事を複製、再配布したものにあたり、GNU Free Documentation Licenseというライセンスの下で提供されています。 Weblio辞書に掲載されているウィキペディアの記事も、全てGNU Free Documentation Licenseの元に提供されております。
ウィキペディアウィキペディア
Text is available under GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL).
Weblio辞書に掲載されている「ウィキペディア小見出し辞書」の記事は、Wikipediaの複数惑星系の一覧 (改訂履歴)の記事を複製、再配布したものにあたり、GNU Free Documentation Licenseというライセンスの下で提供されています。

©2025 GRAS Group, Inc.RSS