SecurityElement クラスとは何？わかりやすく解説 Weblio辞書

.NET Framework クラスライブラリリファレンス

索引トップ用語の索引ランキング

SecurityElement クラス

セキュリティオブジェクトのエンコーディング用の XML オブジェクトモデルを表します。このクラスは継承できません。

名前空間: System.Security
アセンブリ: mscorlib (mscorlib.dll 内)
構文

Visual Basic (宣言)

<SerializableAttribute> _
<ComVisibleAttribute(True)> _
Public NotInheritable Class
 SecurityElement

Visual Basic (使用法)

Dim instance As SecurityElement

[SerializableAttribute] 
[ComVisibleAttribute(true)] 
public sealed class SecurityElement

C++

[SerializableAttribute] 
[ComVisibleAttribute(true)] 
public ref class SecurityElement sealed

/** @attribute SerializableAttribute() */ 
/** @attribute ComVisibleAttribute(true) */ 
public final class SecurityElement

JScript

SerializableAttribute 
ComVisibleAttribute(true) 
public final class SecurityElement

解説

このクラスは、一般 XML オブジェクトモデルとして使用するのではなく、セキュリティシステム内で使用するための単純な XML オブジェクトモデルの簡易実装を目的としています。このドキュメントでは、XML の基本的な知識があることを前提にしています。

要素に対する単純な XML オブジェクトモデルは、次に示す部分から構成されます。

タグは要素名です。
属性は、要素の 0 個以上の名前/値属性ペアです。
子は、<tag> と </tag> 内で入れ子になった 0 個以上の要素です。

属性ベースの XML 表記を使用して、セキュリティ要素とその値を表現することを強くお勧めします。つまり、要素のプロパティを属性として表現し、プロパティ値を属性値として表現します。タグ内のテキストは入れ子にしないでください。任意の <tag>text</tag> 表現で、通常、<tag value=”text”/> 型の表現を利用できます。属性ベースの XML 表記を使用すると、読みやすくなり、生成される XML シリアル化を簡単に WMI に移植できます。

属性の名前は、1 文字以上にする必要があり、null 参照 (Visual Basic では Nothing) にはできません。要素ベースの値形式を使用する場合、null 参照 (Visual Basic では Nothing) テキスト文字列の要素は、<tag/> 形式で表現します。それ以外の場合、テキストは <tag> トークンと </tag> トークンで区切ります。どちらの書式も、存在する場合に表示される属性と結合できます。

要素のタグ、属性、およびテキストが存在する場合は、常に大文字と小文字が区別されます。XML 書式には、必要に応じて引用符とエスケープ文字が含まれます。XML での使用が無効な文字を含む文字列値を使用すると、ArgumentException が発生します。これらの規則は、すべてのプロパティとメソッドに適用されます。

メモ
パフォーマンス上の理由から、要素を XML テキスト書式にエンコードする場合にだけ文字の有効性を確認しますが、プロパティまたはメソッドのすべてのセットでは確認しません。静的メソッドを使用すると、必要に応じて明示的に確認できます。

使用例

SecurityElement クラスのメンバの使用例を次に示します。

Visual Basic

Imports System
Imports System.Security
Imports System.Collections



Class SecurityElementMembers

    <STAThread()> _
    Shared Sub Main(ByVal
 args() As String)
        Dim xmlRootElement As New
 SecurityElement("RootTag", "XML
 security tree")
        AddAttribute(xmlRootElement, "creationdate",
 DateTime.Now.ToString())
        AddChildElement(xmlRootElement, "destroytime",
 DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(1.0).ToString())

        Dim windowsRoleElement As New
 SecurityElement("WindowsMembership.WindowsRole")
        windowsRoleElement.AddAttribute("version",
 "1.00")
        ' Add a child element and a creationdate attribute.
        AddChildElement(windowsRoleElement, "BabyElement",
 "This is a child element")
        AddAttribute(windowsRoleElement, "creationdate",
 DateTime.Now.ToString())

        xmlRootElement.AddChild(windowsRoleElement)
        CompareAttributes(xmlRootElement, "creationdate")
        ConvertToHashTable(xmlRootElement)

        DisplaySummary(xmlRootElement)

        ' Determine if the security element is too old to keep.
        xmlRootElement = DestroyTree(xmlRootElement)
        If Not (xmlRootElement Is
 Nothing) Then
            Dim elementInXml As String
 = xmlRootElement.ToString()
            Console.WriteLine(elementInXml)
        End If

        Console.WriteLine("This sample completed successfully;
 " + "press Enter to exit.")
        Console.ReadLine()

    End Sub 'Main


    ' Add an attribute to the specified security element.
    Private Shared Function
 AddAttribute(ByVal xmlElement As SecurityElement,
 ByVal attributeName As String, ByVal attributeValue As String)
 As SecurityElement
        If Not (xmlElement Is
 Nothing) Then
            ' Verify that the attribute name and value are valid XML
 formats.
            If SecurityElement.IsValidAttributeName(attributeName)
 AndAlso SecurityElement.IsValidAttributeValue(attributeValue)
 Then
                ' Add the attribute to the security element.
                xmlElement.AddAttribute(attributeName, attributeValue)
        End If
        Return xmlElement

    End Function 'AddAttribute


    ' Add a child element to the specified security element.
    Private Shared Function
 AddChildElement(ByVal parentElement As SecurityElement,
 ByVal tagName As String, ByVal tagText As String)
 As SecurityElement
        If Not (parentElement Is
 Nothing) Then
            ' Ensure that the tag text is in valid XML format.
            If Not SecurityElement.IsValidText(tagText)
 Then
                ' Replace invalid text with valid XML text 
                ' to enforce proper XML formatting.
                tagText = SecurityElement.Escape(tagText)

            ' Determine whether the tag is in valid XML format.
            If SecurityElement.IsValidTag(tagName) Then
                Dim childElement As SecurityElement
                childElement = parentElement.SearchForChildByTag(tagName)
                If Not (childElement Is
 Nothing) Then
                    Dim elementText As String
                    elementText = parentElement.SearchForTextOfTag(tagName)
                    If Not elementText.Equals(tagText)
 Then
                        ' Add child element to the parent security element.
                        parentElement.AddChild(New SecurityElement(tagName,
 tagText))
                    End If
                Else
                    ' Add child element to the parent security element.
                    parentElement.AddChild(New SecurityElement(tagName,
 tagText))
                End If
            End If
        End If
        Return parentElement

    End Function 'AddChildElement


    ' Create and display a summary sentence 
    ' about the specified security element.
    Private Shared Sub DisplaySummary(ByVal
 xmlElement As SecurityElement)
        ' Retrieve tag name for the security element.
        Dim xmlTreeName As String
 = xmlElement.Tag.ToString()
        ' Retrieve tag text for the security element.
        Dim xmlTreeDescription As String
 = xmlElement.Text
        ' Retrieve value of the creationdate attribute.
        Dim xmlCreationDate As String
 = xmlElement.Attribute("creationdate")
        ' Retrieve the number of children under the security element.
        Dim childrenCount As String
 = xmlElement.Children.Count.ToString()
        Dim outputMessage As String
 = "The security XML tree named " + xmlTreeName
        outputMessage += "(" + xmlTreeDescription
 + ")"
        outputMessage += " was created on " + xmlCreationDate
 + " and "
        outputMessage += "contains " + childrenCount
 + " child elements."

        Console.WriteLine(outputMessage)

    End Sub 'DisplaySummary


    ' Compare the first two occurrences of an attribute 
    ' in the specified security element.
    Private Shared Sub CompareAttributes(ByVal
 xmlElement As SecurityElement, ByVal attributeName
 As String)
        ' Create a hash table containing the security element's attributes.
        Dim attributeKeys As Hashtable = xmlElement.Attributes
        Dim attributeValue As String
 = attributeKeys(attributeName).ToString()
        Dim xmlChild As SecurityElement
        For Each xmlChild In
 xmlElement.Children
            If attributeValue.Equals(xmlChild.Attribute(attributeName))
 Then
            End If
        Next xmlChild
        ' The security elements were created at the exact same time.
    End Sub 'CompareAttributes


    ' Convert the contents of the specified security element 
    ' to hash codes stored in a hash table.
    Private Shared Sub ConvertToHashTable(ByVal
 xmlElement As SecurityElement)
        ' Create a hash table to hold hash codes of the security elements.
        Dim xmlAsHash As New
 Hashtable()
        Dim rootIndex As Integer
 = xmlElement.GetHashCode()
        xmlAsHash.Add(rootIndex, "root")
        Dim parentNum As Integer
 = 0

        Dim xmlParent As SecurityElement
        For Each xmlParent In
 xmlElement.Children
            parentNum += 1
            xmlAsHash.Add(xmlParent.GetHashCode(), "parent"
 + parentNum.ToString())
            If Not (xmlParent.Children Is
 Nothing) AndAlso xmlParent.Children.Count
 > 0 Then
                Dim childNum As Integer
 = 0
                Dim xmlChild As SecurityElement
                For Each xmlChild In
 xmlParent.Children
                    childNum += 1
                    xmlAsHash.Add(xmlChild.GetHashCode(), "child"
 + childNum.ToString())
                Next xmlChild
            End If
        Next xmlParent

    End Sub 'ConvertToHashTable


    ' Delete the specified security element if the current time is past
    ' the time stored in the destroytime tag.
    Private Shared Function
 DestroyTree(ByVal xmlElement As SecurityElement)
 As SecurityElement
        Dim localXmlElement As SecurityElement
 = xmlElement
        Dim destroyElement As SecurityElement
 = localXmlElement.SearchForChildByTag("destroytime")

        ' Verify that a destroytime tag exists.
        If Not (localXmlElement.SearchForChildByTag("destroytime")
 Is Nothing) Then
            ' Retrieve the destroytime text to get the time 
            ' the tree can be destroyed.
            Dim storedDestroyTime As String
 = localXmlElement.SearchForTextOfTag("destroytime")
            Dim destroyTime As DateTime = DateTime.Parse(storedDestroyTime)
            If DateTime.Now > destroyTime Then
                localXmlElement = Nothing
                Console.WriteLine("The XML security tree has been
 deleted.")
            End If
        End If

        ' Verify that xmlElement is of type SecurityElement.
        If xmlElement.GetType().Equals(GetType(System.Security.SecurityElement))
 Then
            ' Determine whether the localXmlElement object 
            ' differs from xmlElement.
            If xmlElement.Equals(localXmlElement) Then
                ' Verify that the tags, attributes and children of the
                ' two security elements are identical.
                If xmlElement.Equal(localXmlElement) Then
                    ' Return the original security element.
                    Return xmlElement
                End If
            End If
        End If

        ' Return the modified security element.
        Return localXmlElement

    End Function 'DestroyTree
End Class 'SecurityElementMembers
'
' This sample produces the following output:
' 
' The security XML tree named RootTag(XML security tree) 
' was created on 2/23/2004 1:23:00 PM and contains 2 child elements.
'<RootTag creationdate="2/23/2004 1:23:00 PM">XML security
 tree
'   <destroytime>2/23/2004 1:23:01 PM</destroytime>
'   <WindowsMembership.WindowsRole version="1.00"
'                                  creationdate="2/23/2004 1:23:00
 PM">
'      <BabyElement>This is a child element.</BabyElement>
'   </WindowsMembership.WindowsRole>
'</RootTag>
'
'This sample completed successfully; press Exit to continue.

using System;
using System.Security;
using System.Collections;

class SecurityElementMembers
{
    [STAThread]
    static void Main(string[]
 args)
    {
        SecurityElement xmlRootElement = 
            new SecurityElement("RootTag", "XML
 security tree");

        AddAttribute(xmlRootElement,"creationdate",DateTime.Now.ToString());
        AddChildElement(xmlRootElement,"destroytime",
            DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(1.0).ToString());

        SecurityElement windowsRoleElement = 
            new SecurityElement("WindowsMembership.WindowsRole");
        
        windowsRoleElement.AddAttribute("version","1.00");

        // Add a child element and a creationdate attribute.
        AddChildElement(windowsRoleElement,"BabyElement",
            "This is a child element");
        AddAttribute(windowsRoleElement,"creationdate",
            DateTime.Now.ToString());

        xmlRootElement.AddChild(windowsRoleElement);

        CompareAttributes(xmlRootElement, "creationdate");
        ConvertToHashTable(xmlRootElement);

        DisplaySummary(xmlRootElement);

        // Determine if the security element is too old to keep.
        xmlRootElement = DestroyTree(xmlRootElement);
        if (xmlRootElement != null)
        {
            string elementInXml = xmlRootElement.ToString();
            Console.WriteLine(elementInXml);
        }
        
        Console.WriteLine("This sample completed successfully; " +
            "press Enter to exit.");
        Console.ReadLine();
    }

    // Add an attribute to the specified security element.
    private static SecurityElement AddAttribute(
        SecurityElement xmlElement,
        string attributeName,
        string attributeValue)
    {
        if (xmlElement != null)
        {
            // Verify that the attribute name and value are valid XML
 formats.
            if (SecurityElement.IsValidAttributeName(attributeName)
 &&
                SecurityElement.IsValidAttributeValue(attributeValue))
            {
                // Add the attribute to the security element.
                xmlElement.AddAttribute(attributeName, attributeValue);
            }
        }
        return xmlElement;
    }

    // Add a child element to the specified security element.
    private static SecurityElement AddChildElement(
        SecurityElement parentElement,
        string tagName,
        string tagText)
    {
        if (parentElement != null)
        {
            // Ensure that the tag text is in valid XML format.
            if (!SecurityElement.IsValidText(tagText))
            {
                // Replace invalid text with valid XML text 
                // to enforce proper XML formatting.
                tagText = SecurityElement.Escape(tagText);
            }

            // Determine whether the tag is in valid XML format.
            if (SecurityElement.IsValidTag(tagName))
            {
                SecurityElement childElement;
                childElement = parentElement.SearchForChildByTag(tagName);

                if (childElement != null)
                {
                    String elementText;
                    elementText = parentElement.SearchForTextOfTag(tagName);

                    if (!elementText.Equals(tagText))
                    {
                        // Add child element to the parent security
 element.
                        parentElement.AddChild(
                            new SecurityElement(tagName, tagText));
                    }
                }
                else 
                {
                    // Add child element to the parent security element.
                    parentElement.AddChild(
                        new SecurityElement(tagName, tagText));
                }
            }
        }
        return parentElement;
    }

    // Create and display a summary sentence 
    // about the specified security element.
    private static void
 DisplaySummary(SecurityElement xmlElement)
    {
        // Retrieve tag name for the security element.
        string xmlTreeName = xmlElement.Tag.ToString();

        // Retrieve tag text for the security element.
        string xmlTreeDescription = xmlElement.Text;
        
        // Retrieve value of the creationdate attribute.
        string xmlCreationDate = xmlElement.Attribute("creationdate");
        
        // Retrieve the number of children under the security element.
        string childrenCount = xmlElement.Children.Count.ToString();

        string outputMessage = "The security XML tree named
 " + xmlTreeName;
        outputMessage += "(" + xmlTreeDescription + ")";
        outputMessage += " was created on " + xmlCreationDate + "
 and ";
        outputMessage += "contains " + childrenCount + " child elements.";

        Console.WriteLine(outputMessage);
    }

    // Compare the first two occurrences of an attribute 
    // in the specified security element.
    private static void
 CompareAttributes(
        SecurityElement xmlElement, string attributeName)
    {
        // Create a hash table containing the security element's attributes.
        Hashtable attributeKeys = xmlElement.Attributes;
        string attributeValue = attributeKeys[attributeName].ToString();

        foreach(SecurityElement xmlChild in
 xmlElement.Children)
        {
            if (attributeValue.Equals(xmlChild.Attribute(attributeName)))
            {
                // The security elements were created at the exact same
 time.
            }
        }
    }

    // Convert the contents of the specified security element 
    // to hash codes stored in a hash table.
    private static void
 ConvertToHashTable(SecurityElement xmlElement)
    {
        // Create a hash table to hold hash codes of the security elements.
        Hashtable xmlAsHash = new Hashtable();
        int rootIndex = xmlElement.GetHashCode();
        xmlAsHash.Add(rootIndex, "root");

        int parentNum = 0;

        foreach(SecurityElement xmlParent in
 xmlElement.Children)
        {
            parentNum++;
            xmlAsHash.Add(xmlParent.GetHashCode(), "parent" + parentNum);
            if ((xmlParent.Children != null)
 && 
                (xmlParent.Children.Count > 0))
            {
                int childNum = 0;
                foreach(SecurityElement xmlChild in
 xmlParent.Children)
                {
                    childNum++;
                    xmlAsHash.Add(xmlChild.GetHashCode(), "child" + childNum);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // Delete the specified security element if the current time is
 past
    // the time stored in the destroytime tag.
    private static SecurityElement DestroyTree(SecurityElement
 xmlElement)
    {
        SecurityElement localXmlElement = xmlElement;
        SecurityElement destroyElement = 
            localXmlElement.SearchForChildByTag("destroytime");

        // Verify that a destroytime tag exists.
        if (localXmlElement.SearchForChildByTag("destroytime")
 != null)
        {
            // Retrieve the destroytime text to get the time 
            // the tree can be destroyed.
            string storedDestroyTime =
                localXmlElement.SearchForTextOfTag("destroytime");

            DateTime destroyTime = DateTime.Parse(storedDestroyTime);
            if (DateTime.Now > destroyTime)
            {
                localXmlElement = null;
                Console.WriteLine("The XML security tree has been deleted.");
            }
        }

        // Verify that xmlElement is of type SecurityElement.
        if (xmlElement.GetType().Equals(
            typeof(System.Security.SecurityElement)))
        {
            // Determine whether the localXmlElement object 
            // differs from xmlElement.
            if (xmlElement.Equals(localXmlElement))
            {
                // Verify that the tags, attributes and children of
 the
                // two security elements are identical.
                if (xmlElement.Equal(localXmlElement))
                {
                    // Return the original security element.
                    return xmlElement;
                }
            }
        }

        // Return the modified security element.
        return localXmlElement;
    }
}
//
// This sample produces the following output:
// 
// The security XML tree named RootTag(XML security tree) 
// was created on 2/23/2004 1:23:00 PM and contains 2 child elements.
//<RootTag creationdate="2/23/2004 1:23:00 PM">XML security
 tree
//   <destroytime>2/23/2004 1:23:01 PM</destroytime>
//   <WindowsMembership.WindowsRole version="1.00"
//                                  creationdate="2/23/2004 1:23:00
 PM">
//      <BabyElement>This is a child element.</BabyElement>
//   </WindowsMembership.WindowsRole>
//</RootTag>
//
//This sample completed successfully; press Exit to continue.

C++

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Security;
using namespace System::Collections;
ref class SecurityElementMembers
{
public:

   [STAThread]
   int TestSecurityElementMembers()
   {
      SecurityElement^ xmlRootElement = gcnew SecurityElement( L"RootTag",L"XML
 security tree" );

      AddAttribute( xmlRootElement, L"creationdate", DateTime::Now.ToString()
 );
      AddChildElement( xmlRootElement, L"destroytime", DateTime::Now.AddSeconds(
 1.0 ).ToString() );
      
      SecurityElement^ windowsRoleElement = gcnew SecurityElement( L"WindowsMembership.WindowsRole"
 );

      windowsRoleElement->AddAttribute( L"version", L"1.00"
 );

      // Add a child element and a creationdate attribute.
      AddChildElement( windowsRoleElement, L"BabyElement", L"This
 is a child element" );
      AddAttribute( windowsRoleElement, L"creationdate", DateTime::Now.ToString()
 );
      
      xmlRootElement->AddChild( windowsRoleElement );

      CompareAttributes( xmlRootElement, L"creationdate" );
      ConvertToHashTable( xmlRootElement );
      DisplaySummary( xmlRootElement );

      // Determine if the security element is too old to keep.
      xmlRootElement = DestroyTree( xmlRootElement );
      if ( xmlRootElement != nullptr )
      {
         String^ elementInXml = xmlRootElement->ToString();

         Console::WriteLine( elementInXml );
      }

      Console::WriteLine( L"This sample completed successfully; "
      L"press Enter to exit." );
      Console::ReadLine();
      return 1;
   }


private:

   // Add an attribute to the specified security element.
   static SecurityElement^ AddAttribute( SecurityElement^ xmlElement,
 String^ attributeName, String^ attributeValue )
   {
      if ( xmlElement != nullptr )
      {
         // Verify that the attribute name and value are valid XML formats.
         if ( SecurityElement::IsValidAttributeName( attributeName
 ) &&
                SecurityElement::IsValidAttributeValue( attributeValue ) )
         {
            // Add the attribute to the security element.
            xmlElement->AddAttribute( attributeName, attributeValue );
         }
      }

      return xmlElement;
   }


   // Add a child element to the specified security element.
   static SecurityElement^ AddChildElement( SecurityElement^ parentElement,
 String^ tagName, String^ tagText )
   {
      if ( parentElement != nullptr )
      {
         // Ensure that the tag text is in valid XML format.
         if (  !SecurityElement::IsValidText( tagText ) )
         {
            // Replace invalid text with valid XML text 
            // to enforce proper XML formatting.
            tagText = SecurityElement::Escape( tagText );
         }

         // Determine whether the tag is in valid XML format.
         if ( SecurityElement::IsValidTag( tagName ) )
         {
            SecurityElement^ childElement;
            childElement = parentElement->SearchForChildByTag( tagName );
            if ( childElement != nullptr )
            {
               String^ elementText;
               elementText = parentElement->SearchForTextOfTag( tagName );
               if (  !elementText->Equals( tagText ) )
               {
                  // Add child element to the parent security element.
                  parentElement->AddChild( gcnew SecurityElement( tagName,tagText
 ) );
               }
            }
            else
            {
               // Add child element to the parent security element.
               parentElement->AddChild( gcnew SecurityElement( tagName,tagText
 ) );
            }
         }
      }

      return parentElement;
   }


   // Create and display a summary sentence 
   // about the specified security element.
   static void DisplaySummary( SecurityElement^
 xmlElement )
   {
      // Retrieve tag name for the security element.
      String^ xmlTreeName = xmlElement->Tag->ToString();
      // Retrieve tag text for the security element.
      String^ xmlTreeDescription = xmlElement->Text;
      // Retrieve value of the creationdate attribute.
      String^ xmlCreationDate = xmlElement->Attribute(L"creationdate");
      // Retrieve the number of children under the security element.
      String^ childrenCount = xmlElement->Children->Count.ToString();
      String^ outputMessage = String::Format( L"The security XML tree named
 {0}", xmlTreeName );
      outputMessage = String::Concat( outputMessage, String::Format( L"({0})",
 xmlTreeDescription ) );
      outputMessage = String::Concat( outputMessage, String::Format( L" was
 created on {0} and ", xmlCreationDate ) );
      outputMessage = String::Concat( outputMessage, String::Format( L"contains
 {0} child elements.", childrenCount ) );
      Console::WriteLine( outputMessage );
   }

   // Compare the first two occurrences of an attribute 
   // in the specified security element.
   static void CompareAttributes( SecurityElement^
 xmlElement, String^ attributeName )
   {
      // Create a hash table containing the security element's attributes.
      Hashtable^ attributeKeys = xmlElement->Attributes;
      String^ attributeValue = attributeKeys[ attributeName ]->ToString();
      IEnumerator^ myEnum = xmlElement->Children->GetEnumerator();
      while ( myEnum->MoveNext() )
      {
         SecurityElement^ xmlChild = safe_cast<SecurityElement^>(myEnum->Current);
         if ( attributeValue->Equals( xmlChild->Attribute(attributeName)
 ) )
         {
            // The security elements were created at the exact same
 time.
         }
      }
   }

   // Convert the contents of the specified security element 
   // to hash codes stored in a hash table.
   static void ConvertToHashTable( SecurityElement^
 xmlElement )
   {
      // Create a hash table to hold hash codes of the security elements.
      Hashtable^ xmlAsHash = gcnew Hashtable;
      int rootIndex = xmlElement->GetHashCode();
      xmlAsHash->Add( rootIndex, L"root" );
      int parentNum = 0;
      IEnumerator^ myEnum1 = xmlElement->Children->GetEnumerator();
      while ( myEnum1->MoveNext() )
      {
         SecurityElement^ xmlParent = safe_cast<SecurityElement^>(myEnum1->Current);
         parentNum++;
         xmlAsHash->Add( xmlParent->GetHashCode(), String::Format( L"parent{0}",
 parentNum ) );
         if ( (xmlParent->Children != nullptr) && (xmlParent->Children->Count
 > 0) )
         {
            int childNum = 0;
            IEnumerator^ myEnum2 = xmlParent->Children->GetEnumerator();
            while ( myEnum2->MoveNext() )
            {
               SecurityElement^ xmlChild = safe_cast<SecurityElement^>(myEnum2->Current);
               childNum++;
               xmlAsHash->Add( xmlChild->GetHashCode(), String::Format( L"child{0}",
 childNum ) );
            }
         }
      }
   }

   // Delete the specified security element if the current time is past
   // the time stored in the destroytime tag.
   static SecurityElement^ DestroyTree( SecurityElement^ xmlElement
 )
   {
      SecurityElement^ localXmlElement = xmlElement;
      SecurityElement^ destroyElement = localXmlElement->SearchForChildByTag(
 L"destroytime" );
      
      // Verify that a destroytime tag exists.
      if ( localXmlElement->SearchForChildByTag( L"destroytime"
 ) != nullptr )
      {
         // Retrieve the destroytime text to get the time 
         // the tree can be destroyed.
         String^ storedDestroyTime = localXmlElement->SearchForTextOfTag( L"destroytime"
 );
         DateTime destroyTime = DateTime::Parse( storedDestroyTime );
         if ( DateTime::Now > destroyTime )
         {
            localXmlElement = nullptr;
            Console::WriteLine( L"The XML security tree has been deleted."
 );
         }
      }

      
      // Verify that xmlElement is of type SecurityElement.
      if ( xmlElement->GetType()->Equals( System::Security::SecurityElement::typeid
 ) )
      {
         // Determine whether the localXmlElement object 
         // differs from xmlElement.
         if ( xmlElement->Equals( localXmlElement ) )
         {
            // Verify that the tags, attributes and children of the
            // two security elements are identical.
            if ( xmlElement->Equal( localXmlElement ) )
            {
               // Return the original security element.
               return xmlElement;
            }
         }
      }

      // Return the modified security element.
      return localXmlElement;
   }

};

int main()
{
   SecurityElementMembers^ sem = gcnew SecurityElementMembers;
   sem->TestSecurityElementMembers();
}

//
// This sample produces the following output:
// 
// The security XML tree named RootTag(XML security tree) 
// was created on 2/23/2004 1:23:00 PM and contains 2 child elements.
//<RootTag creationdate="2/23/2004 1:23:00 PM">XML security
 tree
//   <destroytime>2/23/2004 1:23:01 PM</destroytime>
//   <WindowsMembership.WindowsRole version="1.00"
//                                  creationdate="2/23/2004 1:23:00
 PM">
//      <BabyElement>This is a child element.</BabyElement>
//   </WindowsMembership.WindowsRole>
//</RootTag>
//
//This sample completed successfully; press Exit to continue.

import System.*;
import System.Security.*;
import System.Collections.*;

class SecurityElementMembers
{
    /** @attribute STAThread()
     */
    public static void main(String[]
 args)
    {
        SecurityElement xmlRootElement = new SecurityElement(
            "RootTag", "XML security tree");

        AddAttribute(xmlRootElement, "creationdate", 
            DateTime.get_Now().ToString());
        AddChildElement(xmlRootElement, "destroytime", 
            DateTime.get_Now().AddSeconds(1.0).ToString());

        SecurityElement windowsRoleElement 
            = new SecurityElement("WindowsMembership.WindowsRole");

        windowsRoleElement.AddAttribute("version", "1.00");

        // Add a child element and a creationdate attribute.
        AddChildElement(windowsRoleElement, "BabyElement", 
            "This is a child element");
        AddAttribute(windowsRoleElement, "creationdate", 
            DateTime.get_Now().ToString());

        xmlRootElement.AddChild(windowsRoleElement);

        CompareAttributes(xmlRootElement, "creationdate");
        ConvertToHashTable(xmlRootElement);

        DisplaySummary(xmlRootElement);
        // Determine if the security element is too old to keep.
        xmlRootElement = DestroyTree(xmlRootElement);
        if (xmlRootElement != null) {
            String elementInXml = xmlRootElement.ToString();
            Console.WriteLine(elementInXml);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("This sample completed successfully; " 
            + "press Enter to exit.");
        Console.ReadLine();
    } //main

    // Add an attribute to the specified security element.
    private static SecurityElement AddAttribute(SecurityElement
 xmlElement,
        String attributeName, String attributeValue)
    {
        if (xmlElement != null) {
            // Verify that the attribute name and value are valid XML
 formats.
            if (SecurityElement.IsValidAttributeName(attributeName)
 
                && SecurityElement.IsValidAttributeValue(attributeValue))
 {
                // Add the attribute to the security element.
                xmlElement.AddAttribute(attributeName, attributeValue);
            }
        }
        return xmlElement;
    } //AddAttribute

    // Add a child element to the specified security element.
    private static SecurityElement AddChildElement(
        SecurityElement parentElement, String tagName, String tagText)
    {
        if (parentElement != null) {
            // Ensure that the tag text is in valid XML format.
            if (!(SecurityElement.IsValidText(tagText))) {
                // Replace invalid text with valid XML text 
                // to enforce proper XML formatting.
                tagText = SecurityElement.Escape(tagText);
            }
            
            // Determine whether the tag is in valid XML format.
            if (SecurityElement.IsValidTag(tagName)) {
                SecurityElement childElement;
                childElement = parentElement.SearchForChildByTag(tagName);

                if (childElement != null) {
                    String elementText;
                    elementText = parentElement.SearchForTextOfTag(tagName);
                    if (!(elementText.Equals(tagText))) {
                        // Add child element to the parent security
 element.
                        parentElement.AddChild(new SecurityElement(tagName
,
 
                            tagText));
                    }
                }
                else {
                    // Add child element to the parent security element.
                    parentElement.AddChild(new SecurityElement(tagName
,
                        tagText));
                }
            }
        }
        return parentElement;
    } //AddChildElement

    // Create and display a summary sentence 
    // about the specified security element.
    private static void
 DisplaySummary(SecurityElement xmlElement)
    {
        // Retrieve tag name for the security element.
        String xmlTreeName = xmlElement.get_Tag().ToString();
        // Retrieve tag text for the security element.
        String xmlTreeDescription = xmlElement.get_Text();
        // Retrieve value of the creationdate attribute.
        String xmlCreationDate = xmlElement.Attribute("creationdate");
        // Retrieve the number of children under the security element.
        String childrenCount 
            = System.Convert.ToString(xmlElement.get_Children().get_Count());
        String outputMessage = "The security XML tree named " + xmlTreeName;
        outputMessage += "(" + xmlTreeDescription + ")";
        outputMessage += " was created on " + xmlCreationDate + "
 and ";
        outputMessage += "contains " + childrenCount + " child elements.";
        Console.WriteLine(outputMessage);
    } //DisplaySummary

    // Compare the first two occurrences of an attribute 
    // in the specified security element.
    private static void
 CompareAttributes(SecurityElement xmlElement,
        String attributeName)
    {
        // Create a hash table containing the security element's attributes.
        Hashtable attributeKeys = xmlElement.get_Attributes();
        String attributeValue = attributeKeys.get_Item(attributeName).ToString();
        for (int iCtr = 0; iCtr 
            < xmlElement.get_Children().get_Count(); iCtr++) {
            SecurityElement xmlChild 
                = (SecurityElement)xmlElement.get_Children().get_Item(iCtr);
            if (attributeValue.Equals(xmlChild.Attribute(attributeName)))
 {
            }
        }
    } //CompareAttributes

    // The security elements were created at the exact same time.
    // Convert the contents of the specified security element 
    // to hash codes stored in a hash table.
    private static void
 ConvertToHashTable(SecurityElement xmlElement)
    {
        // Create a hash table to hold hash codes of the security elements.
        Hashtable xmlAsHash = new Hashtable();
        int rootIndex = xmlElement.GetHashCode();
        xmlAsHash.Add((Int32)rootIndex, "root");

        int parentNum = 0;
        for (int iCtr1 = 0; iCtr1 
            < xmlElement.get_Children().get_Count(); iCtr1++) {
            SecurityElement xmlParent 
                = (SecurityElement)xmlElement.get_Children().get_Item(iCtr1);
            parentNum++;
            xmlAsHash.Add((Int32)xmlParent.GetHashCode(), "parent" + parentNum);
            if (xmlParent.get_Children() != null
 
                && xmlParent.get_Children().get_Count() > 0) {
                int childNum = 0;
                for (int iCtr2 = 0; iCtr2 
                    < xmlParent.get_Children().get_Count(); iCtr2++) {
                    SecurityElement xmlChild = (SecurityElement)xmlParent.
                        get_Children().get_Item(iCtr2);
                    childNum++;
                    xmlAsHash.Add((Int32)xmlChild.GetHashCode(), "child"
 
                        + childNum);
                }
            }
        }
    } //ConvertToHashTable

    // Delete the specified security element if the current time is
 past
    // the time stored in the destroytime tag.
    private static SecurityElement DestroyTree(SecurityElement
 xmlElement)
    {
        SecurityElement localXmlElement = xmlElement;
        SecurityElement destroyElement 
            = localXmlElement.SearchForChildByTag("destroytime");
        // Verify that a destroytime tag exists.
        if (localXmlElement.SearchForChildByTag("destroytime")
 != null) {
            // Retrieve the destroytime text to get the time 
            // the tree can be destroyed.

            String storedDestroyTime = localXmlElement.SearchForTextOfTag(
                "destroytime");

            DateTime destroyTime = DateTime.Parse(storedDestroyTime);
            if ((DateTime.get_Now().CompareTo(destroyTime)) >
 0) {
                localXmlElement = null;
                Console.WriteLine("The XML security tree has been deleted.");
            }
        }
        // Verify that xmlElement is of type SecurityElement.

        if (xmlElement.GetType().Equals(
            System.Security.SecurityElement.class.ToType())) {
            // Determine whether the localXmlElement object 
            // differs from xmlElement.
            if (xmlElement.Equals(localXmlElement)) {
                // Verify that the tags, attributes and children of
 the
                // two security elements are identical.
                if (xmlElement.Equal(localXmlElement)) {
                    // Return the original security element.
                    return xmlElement;
                }
            }
        }
        // Return the modified security element.
        return localXmlElement;
    } //DestroyTree
} //SecurityElementMembers
//
// This sample produces the following output:
// 
// The security XML tree named RootTag(XML security tree) 
// was created on 2/23/2004 1:23:00 PM and contains 2 child elements.
//<RootTag creationdate="2/23/2004 1:23:00 PM">XML security
 tree
//   <destroytime>2/23/2004 1:23:01 PM</destroytime>
//   <WindowsMembership.WindowsRole version="1.00"
//                                  creationdate="2/23/2004 1:23:00
 PM">
//      <BabyElement>This is a child element.</BabyElement>
//   </WindowsMembership.WindowsRole>
//</RootTag>
//
//This sample completed successfully; press Exit to continue.