Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer プロパティとは? わかりやすく解説

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Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer プロパティ

メモ : このプロパティは、.NET Framework version 2.0新しく追加されたものです。

ユーザーパスワードリセットおよび取得する際にパスワード質問答えなければならないように、既定メンバシップ プロバイダ構成されているかどうかを示す値を取得します

名前空間: System.Web.Security
アセンブリ: System.Web (system.web.dll 内)
構文構文

Public Shared ReadOnly Property
 RequiresQuestionAndAnswer As Boolean
Dim value As Boolean

value = Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer
public static bool RequiresQuestionAndAnswer
 { get; }
public:
static property bool RequiresQuestionAndAnswer
 {
    bool get ();
}
/** @property */
public static boolean get_RequiresQuestionAndAnswer
 ()
public static function get
 RequiresQuestionAndAnswer () : boolean

プロパティ
パスワードリセットまたは取得する際にパスワード解答要求する場合trueそれ以外場合false

解説解説

パスワード質問解答要求することにより、ユーザー パスワード取得またはリセットする際のセキュリティをさらに高めることができますユーザーは、ユーザー名作成するときに、後で忘れたパスワード取得したリセットしたりする際に使用できるパスワード質問解答指定できます

ResetPassword または GetPassword が呼び出されると、RequiresQuestionAndAnswerチェックされます。RequiresQuestionAndAnswertrue で、入力されパスワード解答null 参照 (Visual Basic では Nothing) の場合.NET Framework 付属プロバイダは NotSupportedException をスローます。

EnablePasswordReset と EnablePasswordRetrieval の両方false でも、RequiresQuestionAndAnswer使用して新規ユーザー作成時に強制的に質問解答作成させることができます。ただし、その質問解答使用されません。MembershipUser クラス使用することにより、質問取得できます

詳細については、ResetPasswordGetPassword の各トピック参照してください

使用例使用例

次のコード例は、ASP.NET アプリケーションの Web.config ファイルsystem.web セクションにある membership 要素 (ASP.NET 設定スキーマ) 要素示してます。この例では、アプリケーションが SqlMembershipProvider のインスタンス使用するように指定しパスワードリセット有効にし、リセット時にパスワード解答要求します

<membership defaultProvider="SqlProvider" userIsOnlineTimeWindow="20">
  <providers>
    <add name="SqlProvider"
      type="System.Web.Security.SqlMembershipProvider"
      connectionStringName="SqlServices"
      enablePasswordRetrieval="false"
      enablePasswordReset="true"
      requiresQuestionAndAnswer="true"
      passwordFormat="Hashed"
      applicationName="MyApplication" />
  </providers>
</membership>

RequiresQuestionAndAnswer の値をチェックしユーザー作成時にパスワード質問解答入力するためのコントロール追加するコード例次に示します

<%@ Page Language="VB" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Web.Security"
 %>
<script runat="server">

Public Sub CreateUser_OnClick(sender As
 Object, args As EventArgs)

  ' Create new user and retrieve create status result.

  Dim status As MembershipCreateStatus
  Dim passwordQuestion As String
 = ""
  Dim passwordAnswer As String
 = ""

  If Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer Then
    passwordQuestion = PasswordQuestionTextbox.Text
    passwordAnswer = PasswordAnswerTextbox.Text
  End If

  Try
    Dim newUser As MembershipUser = Membership.CreateUser(UsernameTextbox.Text,
 PasswordTextbox.Text, _
                                                   EmailTextbox.Text, passwordQuestion
,
 _
                                                   passwordAnswer, True,
 status)
    If newUser Is Nothing
 Then
      Msg.Text = GetErrorMessage(status)
    Else
       Response.Redirect("login.aspx")
    End If
  Catch
    Msg.Text = "An exception occurred creating the user."
  End Try

End Sub

Public Function GetErrorMessage(status As
 MembershipCreateStatus) As String

   Select Case status
   
      Case MembershipCreateStatus.DuplicateUserName:
        Return "Username already exists. Please
 enter a different user name."

      Case MembershipCreateStatus.DuplicateEmail:
        Return "A username for that e-mail
 address already exists. Please enter a different e-mail address."

      Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidPassword:
        Return "The password provided is invalid.
 Please enter a valid password value."

      Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidEmail:
        Return "The e-mail address provided
 is invalid. Please check the value and try again."

      Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidAnswer:
        Return "The password retrieval answer
 provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again."

      Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidQuestion:
        Return "The password retrieval question
 provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again."

      Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidUserName
        Return "The user name provided is invalid.
 Please check the value and try again."

      Case MembershipCreateStatus.ProviderError:
        Return "The authentication provider
 returned an error. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists,
 please contact your system administrator."

      Case MembershipCreateStatus.UserRejected:
        Return "The user creation request has
 been canceled. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists,
 please contact your system administrator."

      Case Else:
        Return "An unknown error occurred.
 Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact
 your system administrator."
   End Select

End Function

</script>

<html>
<head>
<title>Create User</title>
</head>
<body>

<form runat="server">
  <h3>Create New User</h3>
  <asp:Label id="Msg" ForeColor="maroon"
 runat="server" />
  <table CellPadding="3" border="0">
    <tr>
      <td>Username:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="UsernameTextbox"
 runat="server" /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="UsernameRequiredValidator"
 runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="UserNameTextbox"
 ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static"
 ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Password:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordTextbox"
 runat="server" TextMode="Password"
 /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordRequiredValidator"
 runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordTextbox"
 ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static"
 ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Confirm Password:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordConfirmTextbox"
 runat="server" TextMode="Password"
 /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordConfirmRequiredValidator"
 runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordConfirmTextbox"
 ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static"
 ErrorMessage="Required" />
          <asp:CompareValidator id="PasswordConfirmCompareValidator"
 runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordConfirmTextbox"
 ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static"
 ControlToCompare="PasswordTextBox"
                                      ErrorMessage="Confirm password
 must match password." />
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Email Address:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="EmailTextbox"
 runat="server" /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="EmailRequiredValidator"
 runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="EmailTextbox"
 ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static"
 ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
    </tr>


<% If Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer Then
 %>

    <tr>
      <td>Password Question:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordQuestionTextbox"
 runat="server" /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordQuestionRequiredValidator"
 runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordQuestionTextbox"
 ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static"
 ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Password Answer:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordAnswerTextbox"
 runat="server" /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordAnswerRequiredValidator"
 runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordAnswerTextbox"
 ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static"
 ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
    </tr>

<% End If %>


    <tr>
      <td></td>
      <td><asp:Button id="CreateUserButton"
 Text="Create User" OnClick="CreateUser_OnClick"
 runat="server" /></td>
    </tr>
  </table>
</form>

</body>
</html>
<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Web.Security" %>
<script runat="server">

public void CreateUser_OnClick(object sender,
 EventArgs args)
{
  // Create new user and retrieve create status result.

  MembershipCreateStatus status;
  string passwordQuestion = "";
  string passwordAnswer = "";

  if (Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer)
  {
    passwordQuestion = PasswordQuestionTextbox.Text;
    passwordAnswer = PasswordAnswerTextbox.Text;
  }

  try
  {
    MembershipUser newUser = Membership.CreateUser(UsernameTextbox.Text, PasswordTextbox.Text,
 
                                                   EmailTextbox.Text, passwordQuestion
,
                                                   passwordAnswer, true,
 out status);
    if (newUser == null)
    {
      Msg.Text = GetErrorMessage(status);
    }
    else
    {
      Response.Redirect("login.aspx");
    }
  }
  catch
  {
    Msg.Text = "An exception occurred creating the user.";
  }
}

public string GetErrorMessage(MembershipCreateStatus
 status)
{
   switch (status)
   {
      case MembershipCreateStatus.DuplicateUserName:
        return "Username already exists. Please enter a different
 user name.";

      case MembershipCreateStatus.DuplicateEmail:
        return "A username for that e-mail
 address already exists. Please enter a different e-mail address.";

      case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidPassword:
        return "The password provided is invalid. Please
 enter a valid password value.";

      case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidEmail:
        return "The e-mail address provided is invalid. Please
 check the value and try again.";

      case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidAnswer:
        return "The password retrieval answer provided is
 invalid. Please check the value and try again.";

      case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidQuestion:
        return "The password retrieval question provided
 is invalid. Please check the value and try again.";

      case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidUserName:
        return "The user name provided is invalid. Please
 check the value and try again.";

      case MembershipCreateStatus.ProviderError:
        return "The authentication provider returned an error.
 Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists,
 please contact your system administrator.";

      case MembershipCreateStatus.UserRejected:
        return "The user creation request has been canceled.
 Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists,
 please contact your system administrator.";

      default:
        return "An unknown error occurred. Please verify
 your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact
 your system administrator.";
   }
}

</script>

<html>
<head>
<title>Create User</title>
</head>
<body>

<form runat="server">
  <h3>Create New User</h3>

  <asp:Label id="Msg" ForeColor="maroon" runat="server"
 /><BR>

  <table CellPadding="3" border="0">
    <tr>
      <td>Username:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="UsernameTextbox" runat="server"
 /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="UsernameRequiredValidator"
 runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="UserNameTextbox"
 ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required"
 /></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Password:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordTextbox" runat="server"
 TextMode="Password" /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordRequiredValidator"
 runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordTextbox"
 ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required"
 /></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Confirm Password:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordConfirmTextbox" runat="server"
 TextMode="Password" /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordConfirmRequiredValidator"
 runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordConfirmTextbox"
 ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required"
 />
          <asp:CompareValidator id="PasswordConfirmCompareValidator"
 runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordConfirmTextbox"
 ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ControlToCompare="PasswordTextBox"
                                      ErrorMessage="Confirm password must match
 password." />
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Email Address:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="EmailTextbox" runat="server"
 /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="EmailRequiredValidator"
 runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="EmailTextbox"
 ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required"
 /></td>
    </tr>


<% if (Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer) { %>

    <tr>
      <td>Password Question:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordQuestionTextbox" runat="server"
 /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordQuestionRequiredValidator"
 runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordQuestionTextbox"
 ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required"
 /></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Password Answer:</td>
      <td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordAnswerTextbox" runat="server"
 /></td>
      <td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordAnswerRequiredValidator"
 runat="server"
                                      ControlToValidate="PasswordAnswerTextbox"
 ForeColor="red"
                                      Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required"
 /></td>
    </tr>

<% } %>


    <tr>
      <td></td>
      <td><asp:Button id="CreateUserButton" Text="Create
 User" OnClick="CreateUser_OnClick" runat="server" /></td>
    </tr>
  </table>
</form>

</body>
</html>
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