Convert クラスとは? わかりやすく解説

Convert クラス


Convert クラス

基本データ型別の基本データ型変換します

名前空間: System
アセンブリ: mscorlib (mscorlib.dll 内)
構文構文

解説解説

このクラスは、指定した型の値と等価基本型返しますサポートされている基本型は、BooleanChar、SByte、Byte、Int16、Int32、Int64、UInt16、UInt32、UInt64、SingleDoubleDecimalDateTime、および String です。

変換メソッドは、各基本型それぞれ他の基本型変換するために存在します。ただし、実行される実際変換操作は、次の 3 つのカテゴリ分類されます。

数値型変換したために有効桁数減少した場合、つまり最下位いくつかの失われた場合例外スローされません。ただし、変換結果が、特定の変換メソッド戻り値の型で表される最大桁数超えている場合は、例外スローさます。

たとえば DoubleSingle変換すると、有効桁数失われることがありますが、例外スローされません。ただし、Double絶対値大きすぎて Single で表すことができない場合には、オーバーフロー例外スローさます。

バイト配列から String または Base 64数字構成される Unicode 文字配列への変換と、この逆方向変換サポートする一連のメソッドありますBase 64数字表現されるデータ送信する場合、7 ビット文字だけを送信できるデータ チャネル使用すると、このデータ簡単に送信できます

このクラス一部メソッドは、IFormatProvider インターフェイス実装するパラメータ オブジェクト受け入れます。このパラメータにより、変換処理を支援するカルチャに固有の書式情報指定されます。基本値型ではこのパラメータ無視されますが、IConvertible を実装するユーザー定義型ではこのパラメータ受け入れられます。

基本値型詳細については、「参照セクション示されている該当トピック参照してください

使用例使用例

ToInt32、ToBoolean、ToString など、Convert クラス変換メソッド一部次のコード例示します

Dim dNumber As Double
dNumber = 23.15

Try
   ' Returns 23
   Dim iNumber As Integer
   iNumber = System.Convert.ToInt32(dNumber)
Catch exp As System.OverflowException
   System.Console.WriteLine("Overflow in double to int conversion.")
End Try

' Returns True
Dim bNumber As Boolean
bNumber = System.Convert.ToBoolean(dNumber)

' Returns "23.15"
Dim strNumber As String
strNumber = System.Convert.ToString(dNumber)

Try
   ' Returns '2'
   Dim chrNumber As Char
   chrNumber = System.Convert.ToChar(strNumber.Chars(1))
Catch exp As System.ArgumentNullException
   System.Console.WriteLine("String is null.")
Catch exp As System.FormatException
   System.Console.WriteLine("String length is greater than 1.")
End Try

' System.Console.ReadLine() returns a string and it
' must be converted.
Dim newInteger As Integer
newInteger = 0
Try
   System.Console.WriteLine("Enter an integer:")
   newInteger = System.Convert.ToInt32(System.Console.ReadLine())
Catch exp As System.ArgumentNullException
   System.Console.WriteLine("String is null.")
Catch exp As System.FormatException
   System.Console.WriteLine("String does not consist of an "
 + _
       "optional sign followed by a series of digits.")
Catch exp As System.OverflowException
   System.Console.WriteLine("Overflow in string to int conversion.")
End Try

System.Console.WriteLine("Your integer as a double is {0}",
 _
                         System.Convert.ToDouble(newInteger))
double dNumber = 23.15;

try {
    // Returns 23
    int    iNumber = System.Convert.ToInt32(dNumber);
}
catch (System.OverflowException) {
    System.Console.WriteLine(
                "Overflow in double to int
 conversion.");
}
// Returns True
bool   bNumber = System.Convert.ToBoolean(dNumber);

// Returns "23.15"
string strNumber = System.Convert.ToString(dNumber);

try {
    // Returns '2'
    char chrNumber = System.Convert.ToChar(strNumber[0]);
} 
catch (System.ArgumentNullException) {
    System.Console.WriteLine("String is null");
}
catch (System.FormatException) {
    System.Console.WriteLine("String length is greater than 1.");
}

// System.Console.ReadLine() returns a string and it
// must be converted.
int newInteger = 0;
try {
    System.Console.WriteLine("Enter an integer:");
    newInteger = System.Convert.ToInt32(
                        System.Console.ReadLine());
}
catch (System.ArgumentNullException) {
    System.Console.WriteLine("String is null.");
}
catch (System.FormatException) {
    System.Console.WriteLine("String does not consist of an " +
                    "optional sign followed by a series of digits.");
} 
catch (System.OverflowException) {
    System.Console.WriteLine(
    "Overflow in string to int
 conversion.");
}

System.Console.WriteLine("Your integer as a double is {0}",
                         System.Convert.ToDouble(newInteger));
Double dNumber = 23.15;

try
{
   // Returns 23
   Int32 iNumber = Convert::ToInt32( dNumber );
}
catch ( OverflowException^ ) 
{
   Console::WriteLine(
      "Overflow in Double to Int32 conversion" );
}
// Returns True
Boolean bNumber = Convert::ToBoolean( dNumber );

// Returns "23.15"
String^ strNumber = Convert::ToString( dNumber );

try
{
   // Returns '2'
   Char chrNumber = Convert::ToChar( strNumber->Substring( 0, 1 ) );
}
catch ( ArgumentNullException^ ) 
{
   Console::WriteLine(  "String is null" );
}
catch ( FormatException^ ) 
{
   Console::WriteLine(  "String length is greater than 1" );
}

// System::Console::ReadLine() returns a string and it
// must be converted.
Int32 newInteger = 0;
try
{
   Console::WriteLine(  "Enter an integer:" );
   newInteger = Convert::ToInt32( System::Console::ReadLine() );
}
catch ( ArgumentNullException^ ) 
{
   Console::WriteLine(  "String is null" );
}
catch ( FormatException^ ) 
{
   Console::WriteLine(  "String does not consist of an " +
      "optional sign followed by a series of digits" );
}
catch ( OverflowException^ ) 
{
   Console::WriteLine(  "Overflow in string
 to Int32 conversion" );
}

Console::WriteLine( "Your integer as a Double is {0}",
   Convert::ToDouble( newInteger ) );
double dNumber = 23.15;

try {        
    // Returns 23
    int iNumber = System.Convert.ToInt32(dNumber);
}
catch (System.OverflowException exp) {        
    System.Console.WriteLine("Overflow in double to int
 conversion.");
}

// Returns True
boolean bNumber = System.Convert.ToBoolean(dNumber);

// Returns "23.15"
String strNumber = System.Convert.ToString(dNumber);

try {        
    // Returns '2'
    char chrNumber = System.Convert.ToChar(strNumber.get_Chars(0));
}
catch (System.ArgumentNullException exp) {        
    System.Console.WriteLine("String is null");
}
catch (System.FormatException exp) {        
    System.Console.WriteLine("String length is greater than 1.");
}

// System.Console.ReadLine() returns a string and it
// must be converted.
int newInteger = 0;

try {        
    System.Console.WriteLine("Enter an integer:");
    newInteger = System.Convert.ToInt32(System.Console.ReadLine());
}
catch (System.ArgumentNullException exp) {        
    System.Console.WriteLine("String is null.");
}
catch (System.FormatException exp) {        
    System.Console.WriteLine(("String does not consist of an " 
        + "optional sign followed by a series of digits."));
}
catch (System.OverflowException exp) {        
    System.Console.WriteLine("Overflow in string
 to int conversion.");
}
System.Console.WriteLine("Your integer as a double is {0}", 
    System.Convert.ToString(System.Convert.ToDouble(newInteger)));

Convert クラス変換メソッド一部次のコード例示します

' Sample for the Convert class summary.
Imports System

Class Sample
   Public Shared Sub Main()
      Dim nl As String =
 Environment.NewLine
      Dim str As String
 = "{0}Return the Int64 equivalent of the following base types:{0}"
      Dim xBool As Boolean
 = False
      Dim xShort As Short
 = 1
      Dim xInt As Integer
 = 2
      Dim xLong As Long
 = 3
      Dim xSingle As Single
 = 4F
      Dim xDouble As Double
 = 5.0
      Dim xDecimal As Decimal
 = 6D
      Dim xString As String
 = "7"
      Dim xChar As Char
 = "8"c ' '8' = hexadecimal 38 = decimal
 56
      Dim xByte As Byte
 = 9
      
      '  The following types are not CLS-compliant.
      ' Dim xUshort As System.UInt16 = 120
      ' Dim xUint As System.UInt32 = 121
      ' Dim xUlong As System.UInt64 = 122
      ' Dim xSbyte As System.SByte = 123
      
      '  The following type cannot be converted to an Int64.
      '  Dim xDateTime As System.DateTime = DateTime.Now

      Console.WriteLine(str, nl)
      Console.WriteLine("Boolean:  {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xBool))
      Console.WriteLine("Int16:    {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xShort))
      Console.WriteLine("Int32:    {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xInt))
      Console.WriteLine("Int64:    {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xLong))
      Console.WriteLine("Single:   {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xSingle))
      Console.WriteLine("Double:   {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xDouble))
      Console.WriteLine("Decimal:  {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xDecimal))
      Console.WriteLine("String:   {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xString))
      Console.WriteLine("Char:     {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xChar))
      Console.WriteLine("Byte:     {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xByte))
      Console.WriteLine("DateTime: There is no example of this
 conversion because")
      Console.WriteLine("          a DateTime cannot be converted
 to an Int64.")
      '
      Console.Write("{0}The following types are not supported:
 ", nl)
      Console.WriteLine("UInt16, UInt32, UInt64, and SByte")
   End Sub 'Main
End Class 'Sample
'
'This example produces the following results:
'
'Return the Int64 equivalent of the following base types:
'
'Boolean:  0
'Int16:    1
'Int32:    2
'Int64:    3
'Single:   4
'Double:   5
'Decimal:  6
'String:   7
'Char:     56
'Byte:     9
'DateTime: There is no example of this conversion because
'          a DateTime cannot be converted to an Int64.
'
'The following types are not supported: UInt16, UInt32, UInt64, and
 SByte
'
// Sample for the Convert class summary.
using System;

class Sample 
{
    public static void Main()
 
    {
    string nl = Environment.NewLine;
    string str = "{0}Return the Int64 equivalent of the following
 base types:{0}";
    bool    xBool = false;
    short   xShort = 1;
    int     xInt   = 2;
    long    xLong  = 3;
    float   xSingle = 4.0f;
    double  xDouble = 5.0;
    decimal xDecimal = 6.0m;
    string  xString = "7";
    char    xChar   = '8'; // '8' = hexadecimal 38
 = decimal 56
    byte    xByte  =  9;

//  The following types are not CLS-compliant.
    ushort  xUshort = 120;   
    uint    xUint =   121;
    ulong   xUlong =  122;
    sbyte   xSbyte  = 123;

//  The following type cannot be converted to an Int64.
//  DateTime xDateTime = DateTime.Now;

    Console.WriteLine(str, nl);
    Console.WriteLine("Boolean:  {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xBool));
    Console.WriteLine("Int16:    {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xShort));
    Console.WriteLine("Int32:    {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xInt));
    Console.WriteLine("Int64:    {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xLong));
    Console.WriteLine("Single:   {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xSingle));
    Console.WriteLine("Double:   {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xDouble));
    Console.WriteLine("Decimal:  {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xDecimal));
    Console.WriteLine("String:   {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xString));
    Console.WriteLine("Char:     {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xChar));
    Console.WriteLine("Byte:     {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xByte));
    Console.WriteLine("DateTime: There is no example of this
 conversion because");
    Console.WriteLine("          a DateTime cannot be converted to an Int64.");
//
    Console.WriteLine("{0}The following types are not CLS-compliant.{0}",
 nl);
    Console.WriteLine("UInt16:   {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xUshort));
    Console.WriteLine("UInt32:   {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xUint));
    Console.WriteLine("UInt64:   {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xUlong));
    Console.WriteLine("SByte:    {0}", Convert.ToInt64(xSbyte));
    }
}
/*
This example produces the following results:

Return the Int64 equivalent of the following base types:

Boolean:  0
Int16:    1
Int32:    2
Int64:    3
Single:   4
Double:   5
Decimal:  6
String:   7
Char:     56
Byte:     9
DateTime: There is no example of this conversion because
          a DateTime cannot be converted to an Int64.

The following types are not CLS-compliant.

UInt16:   120
UInt32:   121
UInt64:   122
SByte:    123
*/
// Sample for the Convert class summary.
using namespace System;
int main()
{
   String^ nl = Environment::NewLine;
   String^ str = " {0}Return the Int64 equivalent of the following base
 types: {0}";
   bool xBool = false;
   short xShort = 1;
   int xInt = 2;
   long xLong = 3;
   float xSingle = 4.0f;
   double xDouble = 5.0;
   Decimal xDecimal = Decimal(6.0);
   String^ xString = "7";
   char xChar = '8'; // '8' = hexadecimal 38 = decimal
 56

   Byte xByte = 9;
   
   //  The following types are not CLS-compliant.
   UInt16 xUshort = 120;
   UInt32 xUint = 121;
   UInt64 xUlong = 122;
   SByte xSbyte = 123;
   
   //  The following type cannot be converted to an Int64.
   //  DateTime xDateTime = DateTime::Now;
   Console::WriteLine( str, nl );
   Console::WriteLine( "Boolean: {0}", Convert::ToInt64( xBool ) );
   Console::WriteLine( "Int16: {0}", Convert::ToInt64( xShort ) );
   Console::WriteLine( "Int32: {0}", Convert::ToInt64( xInt ) );
   Console::WriteLine( "Int64: {0}", Convert::ToInt64( xLong ) );
   Console::WriteLine( "Single: {0}", Convert::ToInt64( xSingle ) );
   Console::WriteLine( "Double: {0}", Convert::ToInt64( xDouble ) );
   Console::WriteLine( "Decimal: {0}", Convert::ToInt64( xDecimal ) );
   Console::WriteLine( "String: {0}", Convert::ToInt64( xString ) );
   Console::WriteLine( "Char: {0}", Convert::ToInt64( xChar ) );
   Console::WriteLine( "Byte: {0}", Convert::ToInt64( xByte ) );
   Console::WriteLine( "DateTime: There is no example of this
 conversion because" );
   Console::WriteLine( "          a DateTime cannot be converted to an Int64."
 );
   
   //
   Console::WriteLine( " {0}The following types are not CLS-compliant. {0}",
 nl );
   Console::WriteLine( "UInt16: {0}", Convert::ToInt64( xUshort ) );
   Console::WriteLine( "UInt32: {0}", Convert::ToInt64( xUint ) );
   Console::WriteLine( "UInt64: {0}", Convert::ToInt64( xUlong ) );
   Console::WriteLine( "SByte: {0}", Convert::ToInt64( xSbyte ) );
}

/*
This example produces the following results:

Return the Int64 equivalent of the following base types:

Boolean:  0
Int16:    1
Int32:    2
Int64:    3
Single:   4
Double:   5
Decimal:  6
String:   7
Char:     56
Byte:     9
DateTime: There is no example of this conversion because
a DateTime cannot be converted to an Int64.

The following types are not CLS-compliant.

UInt16:   120
UInt32:   121
UInt64:   122
SByte:    123
*/
継承階層継承階層
System.Object
  System.Convert
スレッド セーフスレッド セーフ
この型の public static (Visual Basic では Shared) メンバはすべて、スレッド セーフです。インスタンス メンバ場合は、スレッド セーフであるとは限りません。
プラットフォームプラットフォーム
バージョン情報バージョン情報
参照参照



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