Monitor.Enter メソッド
アセンブリ: mscorlib (mscorlib.dll 内)



Enter を使用して、パラメータとして渡されたオブジェクトで Monitor を取得します。他のスレッドがそのオブジェクトで Enter を実行し、対応する Exit をまだ実行していない場合、現在のスレッドは他のスレッドがオブジェクトを解放するまでブロックします。同じスレッドがブロックを行わずに Enter を複数回呼び出すことは有効ですが、Exit を同じ回数呼び出さないと、そのオブジェクトで待機中の他のスレッドはブロックを解除できません。
値型ではなく、オブジェクト (つまり参照型) をロックするには Monitor を使用します。値型の変数を Enter に渡すと、これはオブジェクトとしてボックス化されます。同じ変数をもう一度 Enter に渡した場合、この変数は別のオブジェクトとしてボックス化され、スレッドはブロックしません。Monitor がプロテクトしていると推定されるコードは、プロテクトされません。また、この変数を Exit に渡すと、さらに別のオブジェクトが作成されます。Exit に渡されたオブジェクトは Enter に渡されたオブジェクトと異なるため、Monitor は SynchronizationLockException をスローします。詳細については、概念に関するトピック「Monitor」を参照してください。
Interrupt は、オブジェクトの Monitor に入るために待機しているスレッドを中断します。ThreadInterruptedException がスローされます。
C# try...finally ブロック (Visual Basic の場合は Try...Finally) を使用して、モニタが確実に解放されるようにするか、C# lock ステートメント (Visual Basic の場合は SyncLock) を使用して、Exit メソッドを try...finally ブロック内にラップします。

Imports System Imports System.Threading Imports System.Collections Class MonitorSample 'Define the queue to safe thread access. Private m_inputQueue As Queue Public Sub New() m_inputQueue = New Queue() End Sub 'Add an element to the queue and obtain the monitor lock for the queue object. Public Sub AddElement(ByVal qValue As Object) 'Lock the queue. Monitor.Enter(m_inputQueue) 'Add an element. m_inputQueue.Enqueue(qValue) 'Unlock the queue. Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue) End Sub 'Try to add an element to the queue. 'Add the element to the queue only if the queue object is unlocked. Public Function AddElementWithoutWait(ByVal qValue As Object) As Boolean 'Determine whether the queue is locked. If Not Monitor.TryEnter(m_inputQueue) Then Return False Else m_inputQueue.Enqueue(qValue) Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue) Return True End If End Function 'Try to add an element to the queue. 'Add the element to the queue only if during the specified time the queue object will be unlocked. Public Function WaitToAddElement(ByVal qValue As Object, ByVal waitTime As Integer) As Boolean 'Wait while the queue is locked. If Not Monitor.TryEnter(m_inputQueue, waitTime) Then Return False Else m_inputQueue.Enqueue(qValue) Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue) Return True End If End Function 'Delete all elements that equal the given object and obtain the monitor lock for the queue object. Public Sub DeleteElement(ByVal qValue As Object) 'Lock the queue. Monitor.Enter(m_inputQueue) Dim counter As Integer = m_inputQueue.Count While (counter > 0) 'Check each element. Dim elm As Object = m_inputQueue.Dequeue() If Not elm.Equals(qValue) Then m_inputQueue.Enqueue(elm) End If counter = counter - 1 End While 'Unlock the queue. Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue) End Sub 'Print all queue elements. Public Sub PrintAllElements() 'Lock the queue. Monitor.Enter(m_inputQueue) Dim elmEnum As IEnumerator = m_inputQueue.GetEnumerator() While elmEnum.MoveNext() 'Print the next element. Console.WriteLine(elmEnum.Current.ToString()) End While 'Unlock the queue. Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue) End Sub Public Shared Sub Main() Dim sample As MonitorSample = New MonitorSample() Dim i As Integer For i = 0 To 29 sample.AddElement(i) Next i sample.PrintAllElements() sample.DeleteElement(0) sample.DeleteElement(10) sample.DeleteElement(20) sample.PrintAllElements() End Sub End Class
using System; using System.Collections; using System.Threading; namespace MonitorCS2 { /// <summary> /// Summary description for Class1. /// </summary> class MonitorSample { //Define the queue to safe thread access. private Queue m_inputQueue; public MonitorSample() { m_inputQueue = new Queue(); } //Add an element to the queue and obtain the monitor lock for the queue object. public void AddElement(object qValue) { //Lock the queue. Monitor.Enter(m_inputQueue); //Add element m_inputQueue.Enqueue(qValue); //Unlock the queue. Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue); } //Try to add an element to the queue. //Add the element to the queue only if the queue object is unlocked. public bool AddElementWithoutWait(object qValue) { //Determine whether the queue is locked if(!Monitor.TryEnter(m_inputQueue)) return false; m_inputQueue.Enqueue(qValue); Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue); return true; } //Try to add an element to the queue. //Add the element to the queue only if during the specified time the queue object will be unlocked. public bool WaitToAddElement(object qValue, int waitTime) { //Wait while the queue is locked. if(!Monitor.TryEnter(m_inputQueue,waitTime)) return false; m_inputQueue.Enqueue(qValue); Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue); return true; } //Delete all elements that equal the given object and obtain the monitor lock for the queue object. public void DeleteElement(object qValue) { //Lock the queue. Monitor.Enter(m_inputQueue); int counter = m_inputQueue.Count; while(counter > 0) { //Check each element. object elm = m_inputQueue.Dequeue(); if(!elm.Equals(qValue)) { m_inputQueue.Enqueue(elm); } --counter; } //Unlock the queue. Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue); } //Print all queue elements. public void PrintAllElements() { //Lock the queue. Monitor.Enter(m_inputQueue); IEnumerator elmEnum = m_inputQueue.GetEnumerator(); while(elmEnum.MoveNext()) { //Print the next element. Console.WriteLine(elmEnum.Current.ToString()); } //Unlock the queue. Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue); } static void Main(string[] args) { MonitorSample sample = new MonitorSample(); for(int i = 0; i < 30; i++) sample.AddElement(i); sample.PrintAllElements(); sample.DeleteElement(0); sample.DeleteElement(10); sample.DeleteElement(20); sample.PrintAllElements(); } } }
using namespace System; using namespace System::Collections; using namespace System::Threading; // Class definition public ref class MonitorSample { public: MonitorSample(); void AddElement( Object^ qValue ); bool AddElementWithoutWait( Object^ qValue ); bool WaitToAddElement( Object^ qValue, int waitTime ); void DeleteElement( Object^ qValue ); void PrintAllElements(); private: Queue^ m_inputQueue; }; //Define the queue to safe thread access. MonitorSample::MonitorSample() { m_inputQueue = gcnew Queue; } //Add an element to the queue and obtain the monitor lock for the queue object. void MonitorSample::AddElement( Object^ qValue ) { //Lock the queue. Monitor::Enter( m_inputQueue ); //Add element m_inputQueue->Enqueue( qValue ); //Unlock the queue. Monitor::Exit( m_inputQueue ); } //Try to add an element to the queue. //Add the element to the queue only if the queue object is unlocked. bool MonitorSample::AddElementWithoutWait( Object^ qValue ) { //Determine whether the queue is locked if ( !Monitor::TryEnter( m_inputQueue ) ) return false; m_inputQueue->Enqueue( qValue ); Monitor::Exit( m_inputQueue ); return true; } //Try to add an element to the queue. //Add the element to the queue only if during the specified time the queue object will be unlocked. bool MonitorSample::WaitToAddElement( Object^ qValue, int waitTime ) { //Wait while the queue is locked. if ( !Monitor::TryEnter( m_inputQueue, waitTime ) ) return false; m_inputQueue->Enqueue( qValue ); Monitor::Exit( m_inputQueue ); return true; } //Delete all elements that equal the given object and obtain the monitor lock for the queue object. void MonitorSample::DeleteElement( Object^ qValue ) { //Lock the queue. Monitor::Enter( m_inputQueue ); int counter = m_inputQueue->Count; while ( counter > 0 ) { //Check each element. Object^ elm = m_inputQueue->Dequeue(); if ( !elm->Equals( qValue ) ) { m_inputQueue->Enqueue( elm ); } --counter; } Monitor::Exit( m_inputQueue ); } //Print all queue elements. void MonitorSample::PrintAllElements() { //Lock the queue. Monitor::Enter( m_inputQueue ); IEnumerator^ elmEnum = m_inputQueue->GetEnumerator(); while ( elmEnum->MoveNext() ) { //Print the next element. Console::WriteLine( elmEnum->Current->ToString() ); } Monitor::Exit( m_inputQueue ); } int main() { MonitorSample^ sample = gcnew MonitorSample; for ( int i = 0; i < 30; i++ ) sample->AddElement( i ); sample->PrintAllElements(); sample->DeleteElement( 0 ); sample->DeleteElement( 10 ); sample->DeleteElement( 20 ); sample->PrintAllElements(); }
package MonitorJSL2; import System.*; import System.Collections.*; import System.Threading.*; /// <summary> /// Summary description for Class1. /// </summary> class MonitorSample { //Define the queue to safe thread access. private Queue mInputQueue; public MonitorSample() { mInputQueue = new Queue(); } //MonitorSample // Add an element to the queue and obtain the monitor lock for the // queue object. public void AddElement(Object qValue) { //Lock the queue. Monitor.Enter(mInputQueue); //Add element mInputQueue.Enqueue(qValue); //Unlock the queue. Monitor.Exit(mInputQueue); } //AddElement //Try to add an element to the queue. //Add the element to the queue only if the queue object is unlocked. public boolean AddElementWithoutWait(Object qValue) { //Determine whether the queue is locked if (!(Monitor.TryEnter(mInputQueue))) { return false; } mInputQueue.Enqueue(qValue); Monitor.Exit(mInputQueue); return true; } //AddElementWithoutWait //Try to add an element to the queue. //Add the element to the queue only if during the specified time the //queue object will be unlocked. public boolean WaitToAddElement(Object qValue, int waitTime) { //Wait while the queue is locked. if (!(Monitor.TryEnter(mInputQueue, waitTime))) { return false; } mInputQueue.Enqueue(qValue); Monitor.Exit(mInputQueue); return true; } //WaitToAddElement //Delete all elements that equal the given object and obtain the //monitor lock for the queue object. public void DeleteElement(Object qValue) { //Lock the queue. Monitor.Enter(mInputQueue); int counter = mInputQueue.get_Count(); while (counter > 0) { //Check each element. Object elm = mInputQueue.Dequeue(); if (!(elm.Equals(qValue))) { mInputQueue.Enqueue(elm); } --counter; } //Unlock the queue. Monitor.Exit(mInputQueue); } //DeleteElement //Print all queue elements. public void PrintAllElements() { //Lock the queue. Monitor.Enter(mInputQueue); IEnumerator elmEnum = mInputQueue.GetEnumerator(); while (elmEnum.MoveNext()) { //Print the next element. Console.WriteLine(elmEnum.get_Current().ToString()); } //Unlock the queue. Monitor.Exit(mInputQueue); } //PrintAllElements public static void main(String[] args) { MonitorSample sample = new MonitorSample(); for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) { sample.AddElement((Int32)i); } sample.PrintAllElements(); sample.DeleteElement((Int32)0); sample.DeleteElement((Int32)10); sample.DeleteElement((Int32)20); sample.PrintAllElements(); } //main } //MonitorSample

Windows 98, Windows 2000 SP4, Windows CE, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows Mobile for Pocket PC, Windows Mobile for Smartphone, Windows Server 2003, Windows XP Media Center Edition, Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, Windows XP SP2, Windows XP Starter Edition
開発プラットフォームの中には、.NET Framework によってサポートされていないバージョンがあります。サポートされているバージョンについては、「システム要件」を参照してください。


- Monitor.Enter メソッドのページへのリンク