L・ロン・ハバードとは? わかりやすく解説

L・ロン・ハバード

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 (2023/12/05 01:07 UTC 版)

ラファイエット・ロナルド・ハバードLafayette Ronald Hubbard1911年3月13日 - 1986年1月24日)は、アメリカ合衆国の作家、哲学者、宗教家、教育家[1]。1950年にダイアネティックス:心の健康の為の現代科学を著した。更なる探究の末1954年には、独自の宗教哲学を展開。応用宗教哲学(Application philosophy of religion)サイエントロジーを創設した[2]。ハバードの著作はサイエントロジー教会及び、ビジネス管理運営をはじめ識字能力の向上や薬物リハビリテーション、犯罪者更生プログラム等、多岐に渡る社会的人道活動に取り組む組織への指導書となっている[3]


  1. ^ a b Behar, Richard (1991年5月6日). “The Thriving Cult of Greed and Power”. Time Magazine: pp. 3. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,972865-3,00.html 2009年5月27日閲覧. "During the early 1970s, the IRS conducted its own auditing sessions and proved that Hubbard was skimming millions of dollars from the church, laundering the money through dummy corporations in Panama and stashing it in Swiss bank accounts." 
  2. ^ トム・クルーズ、自身の成功はサイエントロジーのおかげ!”. デイリースポーツ online (2016年10月28日). 2022年5月24日閲覧。
  3. ^ Bednarowski, Mary Farrell (1995). New Religions and the Theological Imagination in America (Religion in North America). Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-20952-8. "Scientology has its origins in a system of self-help that is spelled out in early form in Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health" 
  4. ^ a b c d e Christian D. von Dehsen (1999). Philosophers and Religious Leaders: An Encyclopedia of People Who Changed the World (Lives and Legacies Series). Phoenix, Ariz: Oryx Press. pp. 90. ISBN 1-57356-152-5 
  5. ^ Writer & Professional in Dozens of Fields”. Church of Scientology International (1996-2009). 2009年2月18日閲覧。
  6. ^ a b Corydon 1987
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Sappell, Joel; Welkos, Robert W. (1990年6月24日). “The Mind Behind The Religion”. Los Angeles Times: p. A1:1. http://www.latimes.com/la-scientology062490,0,7104164,full.story 2006年7月30日閲覧。 
  8. ^ a b c d Atack 1990
  9. ^ a b c d Streissguth 1995, p. 66
  10. ^ a b c d L. Ron Hubbard's Alaska Adventure”. Stories in the News. 2007年11月7日閲覧。
  11. ^ http://www.scientology.org/l-ron-hubbard/chronicle/index.html
  12. ^ "Automotive adventure", Boy Scouts & Eagle Scout”. L. Ron Hubbard: Chronicle Timeline Part One-(1911-1947). Church of Scientology International (1996-2009). 2009年2月18日閲覧。
  13. ^ “Oratory Contest Winners in six schools chosen - Victor at Woodward is Ronald Hubbard”. Washington Evening Star. (1930年3月25日). "Ronald Hubbard, 19 years old, at one time the youngest Eagle Scout in America, was the winner of the contest at the Woodward School for Boys [...]" 
  14. ^ Miller 1988, p. 25
  15. ^ Spaink, Karin (1996年12月12日). “Was Ron really the youngest Eagle Scout in the US?”. Documents of a Lifetime:The L. Ron Hubbard Papers. 2009年2月18日閲覧。
  16. ^ Atack 1990, pp. 53–57
  17. ^ a b The American Academy of Psychoanalysis, The Psychoanalytic Roots of Scientology by Silas L. Warner, M.D. Lightly edited by Ann-Louise S. Silver, M.D. The American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Presented at the winter meeting, New York City December 12, 1993
  18. ^ James R. Lewis/Jesper A. Petersen Controversial New Religions, p. 238, Oxford University Pres US, 2004 ISBN 978-0-19-515683-6
  19. ^ Alexandra David-Neel Magic and Mystery in Tibet, Dover Publications Inc., 1971 ISBN 0-486-22682-4; French 1st ed. 1929
  20. ^ Lewis 2009, p. 88
  21. ^ Atack 1990, p. 57
  22. ^ Streeter 2008, p. 205
  23. ^ Miller 1988, pp. 45–46
  24. ^ "The University Hatchet" of George Washington University, Vol. 28 , No. 33, May 24, 1932, lists L. Ron Hubbard as "Assistant Editor"
  25. ^ "The Hatchet"
  26. ^ a b (Miller 1987, p. 48)
  27. ^ (Miller 1987, p. 49)
  28. ^ (Miller 1987, p. 56)
  29. ^ Paulette Cooper, "The Truth About L. Ron Hubbard", The Scandal of Scientology, Chapter 20, Tower Publications (1971),
  30. ^ Miller 1987, p. 109
  31. ^ Hubbard as a Nuclear Physicist BOARD OF INQUIRY INTO SCIENTOLOGY, The Anderson Report, 1963. One of the many claims made by Hubbard about himself, and oft repeated by his followers, is that he is a nuclear physicist, and his boast is that he was even one of the first nuclear physicists who, in 1932, were studying on lines which finally led to the atomic bomb.
  32. ^ Bent Corydon/Brian Ambri L. Ron Hubbard: Messiah or Madman, p. 228, Barricade Books, 1992 ISBN 978-0-942637-57-1
  33. ^ Bent Corydon/Brian Ambri L. Ron Hubbard: Messiah or Madman, p. 234, Barricade Books, 1992 ISBN 978-0-942637-57-1
  34. ^ The Pilot, July 1934 issue, about Hubbard
  35. ^ The Sportsman Pilot, articles of L. Ron Hubbard, Issue January 1932, Issue May 1933, Issue October 1933
  36. ^ Miller 1987, pp. 40, 54
  37. ^ Miller 1987, p. 56
  38. ^ Miller 1987, pp. 54, 56
  39. ^ Official Explorers Club Member list, "Deceased Members of The Explorers Club, 1904 to May 23, 2007"
  40. ^ Etc, p. 280, International Society for General Semantics, 1950, v. 8
  41. ^ George Plimpton As Told At The Explorers Club, p. 75, Globe Pequot, 2005 ISBN 978-1-59228-658-4
  42. ^ a b Malko, George (October 1971) [1970]. Scientology: The Now Religion (First Delta printing ed.). New York: Dell Publishing 
  43. ^ "Some Questionable Creationist Credentials", TalkOrigins Archive, May 31, 2002. Retrieved January 7, 2007. Sequoia University was issued a permanent injunction in 1984 by a Los Angeles judge and ordered to "cease operation until the school could comply with state education laws." The school offered degrees in osteopathic medicine, religious studies, hydrotherapy and physical sciences
  44. ^ John B. Bear and Mariah P. Bear, Bears' Guide to Earning College Degrees Nontraditionally, p.331. Ten Speed Press, 2003.
  45. ^ Streissguth 1995, p. 67
  46. ^ Friedman, Jan (2005). Eccentric California. Bradt Travel Guides. pp. 117. ISBN 978-1841621265 
  47. ^ 173' subchasers from Navsource
  48. ^ a b Miller 1988, pp. 102–105
  49. ^ a b Streeter 2008, p. 208
  50. ^ Miller 1988, pp. 106–107
  51. ^ Miller 1988, pp. 98–99
  52. ^ a b Mallia, Joseph (1998年3月1日). “Judge Found Hubbard lied about achievements”. The Boston Herald 
  53. ^ Photocopy of Veteran Administration letter by L. Ron Hubbard
  54. ^ Michael Ashley The Time Machines, pp. 110-1, Liverpool University Press, 2000 ISBN 978-0-85323-855-3
  55. ^ N G Christakos, "Three By Thirteen: The Karl Edward Wagner Lists" in Black Prometheus: A Critical Study of Karl Edward Wagner, ed. Benjamin Szumskyj, Gothic Press 2007
  56. ^ Pendle 2005, p. 252
  57. ^ Anthony Testa The Key to the Abyss, p. 15, Lulu.com, 2006 ISBN 978-1-4303-0160-8
  58. ^ Phyllis White Hollywood and the Best of Los Angeles Alive!, p. 160, Hunter Publishing Inc., 2002 ISBN 978-1-58843-286-5
  59. ^ Miller 1987, p. 142
  60. ^ Lewis 2009, p. 415
  61. ^ Gallagher & Ashcraft 2006, p. 171
  62. ^ Eugene V. Gallgher The New Religious Movements Experience in America, p. 197, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2004 ISBN 978-0-313-32807-7
  63. ^ Melton J. Gordon Encyclopedic Handbook of Cults in America, pp. 189-90, Taylor & Francis, 1992 ISBN 978-0-8153-1140-9
  64. ^ a b Gallagher & Ashcraft 2006, p. 172
  65. ^ Pendle 2005, p. 28
  66. ^ Frenschkowski, Marco (July 1999). “L. Ron Hubbard and Scientology: An annotated bibliographical survey of primary and selected secondary literature”. Marburg Journal of Religion 4 (1). http://web.uni-marburg.de/religionswissenschaft/journal/mjr/frenschkowski.html 2007年2月22日閲覧。. 
  67. ^ L. Sprague de Camp|de Camp, L. Sprague. " El-Ron Of The City Of Brass". "Literary Swordsmen and Sorcerers" series, Fantastic, August 1975
  68. ^ Booker, M. Keith (2004). Science Fiction Television. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 5. ISBN 0275981649. https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=WyJf3m1G0ksC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_summary_r&redir_esc=y&hl=ja#PPA5,M1 
  69. ^ Williamson, Jack (1984). Wonder's Child: My Life in Science Fiction. Bluejay Books 
  70. ^ Miller 1987, pp. 153–166
  71. ^ Wallis, Roy (1977). The Road to Total Freedom: A Sociological Analysis of Scientology. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-04200-0 
  72. ^ Clareson, Thomas D. (1992). Understanding contemporary American science fiction the formative period (1926-1970). Columbia, S.C: University of South Carolina Press. pp. 71. ISBN 0-87249-870-0 
  73. ^ Streissguth 1995, p. 6
  74. ^ Atack 1990, pp. 107–9
  75. ^ Tucker, Ruth (2004). Another Gospel : Cults, Alternative Religions, and the New Age Movement. Grand Rapids, Mich: Zondervan. p. 302. ISBN 0-310-25937-1 
  76. ^ a b Gardner 1957, pp. 263–272
  77. ^ Atack 1990, p. 113
  78. ^ Freeman, Lucy (1950年9月9日). “Psychologists Act Against Dianetics”. New York Times: p. 19 
  79. ^ “Dianetics Review”. Consumer Reports. (1951年8月) 
  80. ^ Streissguth 1995, p. 69
  81. ^ Doward, Jamie (2004年5月16日). “Lure of the celebrity sect”. Special reports. The Observer. 2007年10月19日閲覧。
  82. ^ Miller 1988, p. 170
  83. ^ Leiby, Richard (1994年12月25日). “The Church's War Against Its Critics — and Truth”. Washington Post: p. C1. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/07/06/AR2005070601351_4.html 
  84. ^ The Visual Encyclopedia of Science Fiction, ed. Brian Ash, Harmony Books, 1977
  85. ^ Harlan Ellison, Time Out, UK, No 332
  86. ^ Kim Johnson (2008). The Funniest One in the Room: The Lives and Legends of Del Close. Chicago, Ill: Chicago Review Press. p. 29. ISBN 1-55652-712-8 
  87. ^ James R Lewis Controversial New Religions, pp. 236-44, Jesper Aagaard Petersen, Oxford University Press US, 2004 ISBN 978-0-19-515682-9
  88. ^ Lewis 2009, p. 91
  89. ^ James R. Lewis The Oxford Handbook of New Religious Movements, p. 110, Oxford University Press US, 2004 ISBN 978-0-19-514986-9
  90. ^ Tope Omoniyi/Joshua A. Fishman Explorations in the Sociology of Language and Religion, p. 292, John Benjamin Publishing Co., 2006 ISBN 978-90-272-2710-2
  91. ^ Atack 1990, p. 138
  92. ^ Banville, Jule (2007年9月11日). “The L. Ron Hubbard House: Get There Before Travolta”. Washington City Paper. 2009年4月3日閲覧。
  93. ^ a b Lewis 2009, p. 23
  94. ^ Atack 1990, p. 145
  95. ^ Atack 1990, p. 146
  96. ^ Karen Christensen/David Levinson Encyclopedia of Community, p. 1209, SAGE, 2003 ISBN 978-0-7619-2598-9
  97. ^ Singh, Simon; Edzard Ernst (2008). Trick or treatment? : Alternative medicine on trial (1st American ed.). New York: W. W. Norton. pp. 164. ISBN 9780393066616 
  98. ^ Freeman, John (1987). Suppressed and Incredible Inventions. Health Research Books. pp. 41. ISBN 978-0787310912 
  99. ^ Miller, Timothy (1995). America's Alternative Religions. Albany: State University of New York Press. pp. 385-6. ISBN 978-0791423981 
  100. ^ Streissguth 1995, p. 71
  101. ^ Atack 1990, p. 142
  102. ^ Enquiry into the Practice and Effects of Scientology, Report by Sir John Foster, K.B.E., Q.C., M.P., Published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London December 1971. Cited at http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Cowen/audit/fosthome.html .
  103. ^ Atack 1990, p. 204
  104. ^ Max Fink Electroshock, p. 98, Oxford University Press US, 2002 ISBN 978-0-19-515804-5
  105. ^ William W. Zellner/Richard T Schaefer Extraordinary Groups, pp. 287-8, Macmillan, 2007 ISBN 978-0-7167-7034-3
  106. ^ Benjamin J. Hubbard An Educator's Classroom Guide to America's Religious Beliefs and Practices, p. 93, Libraries Unlimited, 2007 ISBN 978-1-59158-409-4
  107. ^ James R. Lewis/Olav Hammer The Invention of Sacred Tradition, p. 35, Cambridge University Press, 2007 ISBN 978-0-521-86479-4
  108. ^ Gallagher & Ashcraft 2006, p. 190
  109. ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin (September 2003). “Scientology: Religion or racket?”. Marburg Journal of Religion 8 (1). http://www.uni-marburg.de/fb03/ivk/mjr/pdfs/2003/articles/breit2003.pd 2009年5月29日閲覧。. 
  110. ^ Report of the Board of Enquiry into Scientology by Kevin Victor Anderson, Q.C. Published 1965 by the State of Victoria, Australia
  111. ^ Nick O'Neill/Simon Rice/Roger Douglas Retreat from Injustice, p. 349, Federation Press, 2004 ISBN 978-1-86287-414-5
  112. ^ Ian Parker/Simona Rivelli Psychoanalytic Practice and State Regulation, pp. 19-21, Karnac Books, 2008 ISBN 978-1-85575-533-8
  113. ^ James T. Richardson Regulating Religion, p. 433, Springer, 2004 ISBN 978-0-306-47887-1
  114. ^ a b Atack 1990, p. 166
  115. ^ Miller 1987, p. 257
  116. ^ Miller 1987, pp. 257–259
  117. ^ Derek Davis/Barry Hankins New Religious Movements and Religious Liberty in America, pp. 43-62, Baylor University Press, 2003 ISBN 978-0-918954-92-3
  118. ^ Derek Davis/Barry Hankins New Religious Movements and Religious Liberty in America, p. 44, Baylor University Press, 2003 ISBN 978-0-918954-92-3
  119. ^ Atack 1990, p. 245
  120. ^ Miller 1987, pp. 301–302
  121. ^ Atack 1990, p. 209
  122. ^ Wakefield, Margery. Understanding Scientology, Chapter 9. Reproduced at David S. Touretzky's Carnegie Mellon site.
  123. ^ Atack 1990, pp. 180–1
  124. ^ a b In L. Ron Hubbard: Messiah or Madman? Corydon, expanded 1992 paperback edition, page 59
  125. ^ Miller 1988, p. 266
  126. ^ Miller 1988, p. 59
  127. ^ Bent Corydon/Brian Ambry L. Ron Hubbard: Messiah or Madman?, p. 59, Barricade Books, 1992 ISBN 978-0-942637-57-1
  128. ^ “Scientologists told by Greece to leave”. New York Times: p. 33. (1969年3月19日) 
  129. ^ Urban, Hugh B. (June 2006). “Fair Game: Secrecy, Security and the Church of Scientology in Cold War America”. Journal of the American Academy of Religion (Oxford University Press) 74 (2): 356-389. 
  130. ^ Morton, Andrew (2009). Tom Cruise. St. Martin's Press. pp. 104-5. ISBN 978-0312943370 
  131. ^ Welkos, Robert W.; Joel Sappell (1990年6月24日). “Burglaries and Lies Paved a Path to Prison”. Los Angeles Times. http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-scientologysidec062490,0,7034344.story 2006年5月22日閲覧。 
  132. ^ Morgan, Lucy (1999年3月29日). “Abroad: Critics public and private keep pressure on Scientology”. St. Petersburg Times. 2007年10月30日閲覧。
  133. ^ International Herald Tribune, March 3 1980
  134. ^ Decisions and Rulings from the Conseil D'Etat, France
  135. ^ Reuters wire service, printed in Sunday Star (Toronto), March 2, 1980, also in International Herald Tribune, March 3, 1980:"The Paris Court of Appeal has recognized the U.S.-based Church of Scientology as a religion and cleared a former leader of the movement's French branch of fraud. ... The court's president indicated that the three others, who were sentenced in their absence, might be acquitted if they appealed."
  136. ^ “Scientology leader is ordered: Stay away”. Daily Mail. (1984年7月29日) 
  137. ^ Home Office, Letter of Tim Renton, Feb 24, 1989: "I can indeed confirm that the ban on Scientologists entering this country ... was removed on July 16, 1980."
  138. ^ Jones, Michael; John Whale (1980年7月13日). “Ministers to lift ban on Scientology”. The Sunday Times 
  139. ^ Atack 1990, p. 342
  140. ^ a b Martin, George (1968年7月28日). “Master Mind”. Sunday Mirror: pp. 1, 4-5 
  141. ^ Kevin Victor Anderson (1965). Report of the Board of Enquiry into Scientology. State of Victoria, Australia. . Online at Operation Clambake
  142. ^ Lee, J.A.; I.R. Dowie (1966). Sectarian Healers and Hypnotherapy. Ontario Committee on the Healing Arts. pp. 87. . Online at Operation Clambake
  143. ^ 「吊し上げ、リンチ、でたらめな裁判」といった意味のイディオム。
  144. ^ Tucker, Ruth A. (2004). Another Gospel. Zondervan. pp. 317. ISBN 978-0310259374 
  145. ^ HCO POLICY LETTER OF 21 JULY 1968, quoted in the Foster Report, cancels the earlier HCO POLICY LETTER OF 18 OCTOBER 1967, Issue IV
  146. ^ Hubbard, HCOPL October 21, 1968, Cancellation of Fair Game
  147. ^ Hubbard, affidavit of March 22, 1976, quoted in David V Barrett, The New Believers: A Survey of Sects, Cults and Alternative Religions, p. 464 (Octopus Publishing Group, 2003)
  148. ^ J. Gordon Melton, The Church of Scientology, Studies in Contemporary Religion, Signature Books, Salt Lake City 2000, p. 36
  149. ^ Sappell, Joel; Robert W. Welkos (1990年6月29日). “On the Offensive Against an Array of Suspected Foes”. The Los Angeles Times: p. 5. http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-scientology062990x,0,5646473.story?page=5On. "Church spokesmen maintain that Hubbard rescinded the policy three years after it was written...But various judges and juries have concluded that while the actual labeling of persons as "fair game" was abandoned, the harassment continued unabated." 
  150. ^ a b c d Sappell, Joel; Robert W. Welkos (1990年6月24日). “Staking a Claim to Blood Brotherhood”. The Scientology Story (Los Angeles Times): pp. A38:5. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/60090133.html?dids=60090133:60090133&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jun+24%2C+1990&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=38 2007年5月12日閲覧。 
  151. ^ D'Arc 2000, p. 131
  152. ^ Miller 1987, pp. 139–141
  153. ^ The Thriving Cult of Greed and Power Page 2, Time Magazine. The founder of this enterprise was part storyteller, part flimflam man. Born in Nebraska in 1911, Hubbard served in the Navy during World War II and soon afterward complained to the Veterans Administration about his "suicidal inclinations" and his "seriously affected" mind.
  154. ^ Lewis Spence Encyclopedia of Occultism, p. 442, Kessinger Publishing, 2003 ISBN 978-0-7661-2815-6
  155. ^ Bent Corydon L. Ron Hubbard: Messiah or Madman?, p. 281, Barricade Books Inc., 1992 ISBN 0-942637-57-7
  156. ^ William W. Zellner/Richard T. Schaefer Extraordinary Groups, p. 281, Macmillan, 2007 ISBN 978-0-7167-7034-3
  157. ^ a b “Inside The Church of Scientology: An Exclusive Interview with L. Ron Hubbard, Jr.”. Penthouse. (June 1983). 
  158. ^ Bent Corydon L. Ron Hubbard: Messiah or Madman?, pp. 12-13, Barricade Books Inc., 1992 ISBN 0-942637-57-7
  159. ^ Richard B. Spence Secret Agent 666: Aleister Crowley, British Intelligence and the Occult, Feral House, 2008 ISBN 1-932595-33-3
  160. ^ Pendle 2005
  161. ^ Aleister Crowley The Confessions of Aleister Crowley: an autohagiography, Penguin, 1989 ISBN 0-14-019189-5
  162. ^ Aleister Crowley Moonchild, Weiser Books, 1975 ISBN 0-87728-147-5
  163. ^ Lawrence Sutin Do what thou wilt, p. 412, Macmillan, 2000 ISBN 978-0-312-25243-4
  164. ^ Miller 1987, p. 126
  165. ^ Atack 1990, p. 98—99
  166. ^ Gary Lachman Turn off your mind, p. 233, Disinformation Co., 2003 ISBN 978-0-9713942-3-0
  167. ^ Atack 1990, p. 101
  168. ^ Sara Northrup Hubbard complaint for divorce
  169. ^ Derek Swannson Crash Gordon and the Mysteries of Kingsburg, p. 468, Three Graces Press LLC, 2007 ISBN 978-0-615-15416-9
  170. ^ Miller 1988, pp. 305–306
  171. ^ a b Miller 1987, p. 184
  172. ^ a b c Lattin, Don. "Scientology Founder's Family Life Far From What He Preached", San Francisco Chronicle, February 12, 2001
  173. ^ ARinging In The Ears”. TIME Magazine (1951年5月7日). 2008年2月14日閲覧。
  174. ^ Miller 1987, pp. 213, 214, 221, 230
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  176. ^ a b Siker, Jeffrey S. (2007). Homosexuality and religion: an encyclopedia. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press. p. 91. ISBN 0-313-33088-3 
  177. ^ Gardner 1957, p. 263
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  180. ^ Welkos, Robert W.; Sappell, Joel (1990年6月28日). “Costly Strategy Continues to Turn Out Bestsellers”. Los Angeles Times. 2007年7月30日閲覧。
  181. ^ McIntyre, Mike (April 15, 1990). Hubbard Hot-Author Status Called Illusion. San Diego Union, p. 1.
  182. ^ Behar, Richard (1986年10月27日). “The prophet and profits of Scientology”. Forbes 400 (Forbes). "Altogether, FORBES can total up at least $200 million gathered in Hubbard's name through 1982. There may well have been much more." 
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  184. ^ The Big Issue Capetown, vol. 9 #90-101 p. 19, Big Issue Cape Town, 2005
  185. ^ Hammer, Olav; James P. Lewis (2007). The invention of sacred tradition. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 24. ISBN 0-521-86479-8 
  186. ^ Pendle 2005, p. 253
  187. ^ Winners of the Ig Nobel Prize”. Improbable Research. 2008年3月24日閲覧。
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  189. ^ http://www.voxmagazine.com/stories/2006/12/07/guinness-gracious/ Guinness Gracious; Vox - Columbia Missourian; Sean Ludwig; December 7, 2006; accessed February 11, 2007
  190. ^ Maul, Kimberly (2005年11月9日). “Guinness World Records: L. Ron Hubbard Is the Most Translated Author”. Nielsen Company. 2007年2月12日閲覧。
  191. ^ しあわせへの道 国際しあわせへの道財団



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