エンドファイト【endophyte】
内生菌
(エンドファイト から転送)
出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 (2023/07/23 01:42 UTC 版)
内生菌(ないせいきん)とは内部共生体の一種で、少なくとも植物の生活環の一時期に宿主の体内で生息し、かつ病原性がないことが明らかなものである[1][2][3][4]。多くの場合、細菌か真菌である。エンドファイト(英語: endophyte)ともいう。内生菌は普遍的な存在であり、今日まで、地衣類[5] や藻類[6] を含むあらゆる植物のあらゆる部位から発見されている[7][8][9][10]。ただし、内生菌と宿主の植物との関係ははっきり判明していない。主要なイネ科植物(例えばウシノケグサ属およびドクムギ属の植物種)は内生菌としてエピクロエ属真菌を有する[11][12][13]。この真菌は宿主の生育を促進し[14]、栄養素の獲得を助ける[15]。また、旱魃などの物理的ストレスの耐性を向上させる可能性があり、加えて病原微生物の感染および虫や哺乳類草食動物の食害の抵抗に効果があることが確認されている[16][17][18]。
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