Environment クラスとは？ わかりやすく解説

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Environment クラス

現在の環境およびプラットフォームに関する情報、およびそれらを操作する手段を提供します。このクラスは継承できません。

名前空間: System
アセンブリ: mscorlib (mscorlib.dll 内)
構文構文

Visual Basic (宣言)
<ComVisibleAttribute(True)> _
Public NotInheritable Class
 Environment
Visual Basic (使用法)
静的クラスのメンバは、クラスのインスタンスなしに直接アクセスされます。
C#
[ComVisibleAttribute(true)] 
public static class Environment
C++
[ComVisibleAttribute(true)] 
public ref class Environment abstract sealed
J#
/** @attribute ComVisibleAttribute(true) */ 
public final class Environment
JScript
ComVisibleAttribute(true) 
public final class Environment
解説解説

Environment クラスは、コマンド ライン引数、終了コード、環境変数設定、コール スタックの内容、前回のシステム起動時からの経過時間、共通言語ランタイムのバージョンなどの情報を取得するために使用します。

使用例使用例
Visual Basic
' Sample for Environment class summary
Imports System
Imports System.Collections

Class Sample
   Public Shared Sub Main()
      Dim str As [String]
      Dim nl As [String] = Environment.NewLine
      '
      Console.WriteLine()
      Console.WriteLine("-- Environment members --")
      
      '  Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line arguments.
      Console.WriteLine("CommandLine: {0}", Environment.CommandLine)
      
      Dim arguments As [String]() = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()
      Console.WriteLine("GetCommandLineArgs: {0}",
 [String].Join(", ", arguments))
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("CurrentDirectory: {0}", Environment.CurrentDirectory)
      
      Console.WriteLine("ExitCode: {0}", Environment.ExitCode)
      
      Console.WriteLine("HasShutdownStarted: {0}",
 Environment.HasShutdownStarted)
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("MachineName: {0}", Environment.MachineName)
      
      Console.WriteLine("NewLine: {0}  first line{0}  second line{0}"
 & _
                        "  third line", Environment.NewLine)
      
      Console.WriteLine("OSVersion: {0}", Environment.OSVersion.ToString())
      
      Console.WriteLine("StackTrace: '{0}'", Environment.StackTrace)
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("SystemDirectory: {0}", Environment.SystemDirectory)
      
      Console.WriteLine("TickCount: {0}", Environment.TickCount)
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("UserDomainName: {0}", Environment.UserDomainName)
      
      Console.WriteLine("UserInteractive: {0}", Environment.UserInteractive)
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("UserName: {0}", Environment.UserName)
      
      Console.WriteLine("Version: {0}", Environment.Version.ToString())
      
      Console.WriteLine("WorkingSet: {0}", Environment.WorkingSet)
      
      '  No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate
 this example.

      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Dim query As [String] = "My
 system drive is %SystemDrive% and my" & _
                              " system root is %SystemRoot%"
      str = Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables(query)
      Console.WriteLine("ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {0}  {1}",
 nl, str)
      
      Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariable: {0}  My temporary
 directory is {1}.", _
                        nl, Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TEMP"))
      
      Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariables: ")
      Dim environmentVariables As IDictionary
 = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables()
      Dim de As DictionaryEntry
      For Each de In environmentVariables
         Console.WriteLine("  {0} = {1}", de.Key,
 de.Value)
      Next de
      
      Console.WriteLine("GetFolderPath: {0}", _
              Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.System))
      
      Dim drives As [String]() = Environment.GetLogicalDrives()
      Console.WriteLine("GetLogicalDrives: {0}", [String].Join(",
 ", drives))
   End Sub 'Main
End Class 'Sample
'
'This example produces results similar to the following:
'(Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain
 
'secure has been omitted and marked "!---OMITTED---!".)
'
'C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
'
'-- Environment members --
'CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
'GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
'CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
'ExitCode: 0
'HasShutdownStarted: False
'MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
'NewLine:
'  first line
'  second line
'  third line
'OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
'StackTrace: '   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
'   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
'   at System.Environment.get_StackTrace()
'   at Sample.Main()'
'SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
'TickCount: 17995355
'UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
'UserInteractive: True
'UserName: !---OMITTED---!
'Version: !---OMITTED---!
'WorkingSet: 5038080
'ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
'  My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
'GetEnvironmentVariable:
'  My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
'GetEnvironmentVariables: 
'  !---OMITTED---!
'GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
'GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\
'
C#
// Sample for Environment class summary
using System;
using System.Collections;

class Sample 
{
    public static void Main()
 
    {
    String str;
    String nl = Environment.NewLine;
//
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine("-- Environment members --");

//  Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line arguments.
    Console.WriteLine("CommandLine: {0}", Environment.CommandLine);

    String[] arguments = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();
    Console.WriteLine("GetCommandLineArgs: {0}", String.Join(", ",
 arguments));

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
    Console.WriteLine("CurrentDirectory: {0}", Environment.CurrentDirectory);

    Console.WriteLine("ExitCode: {0}", Environment.ExitCode);

    Console.WriteLine("HasShutdownStarted: {0}", Environment.HasShutdownStarted);

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
    Console.WriteLine("MachineName: {0}", Environment.MachineName);

    Console.WriteLine("NewLine: {0}  first line{0}  second line{0}  third line"
,
                          Environment.NewLine);

    Console.WriteLine("OSVersion: {0}", Environment.OSVersion.ToString());

    Console.WriteLine("StackTrace: '{0}'", Environment.StackTrace);

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
    Console.WriteLine("SystemDirectory: {0}", Environment.SystemDirectory);

    Console.WriteLine("TickCount: {0}", Environment.TickCount);

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
    Console.WriteLine("UserDomainName: {0}", Environment.UserDomainName);

    Console.WriteLine("UserInteractive: {0}", Environment.UserInteractive);

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
    Console.WriteLine("UserName: {0}", Environment.UserName);

    Console.WriteLine("Version: {0}", Environment.Version.ToString());

    Console.WriteLine("WorkingSet: {0}", Environment.WorkingSet);

//  No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate this
 example.

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
    String query = "My system drive is %SystemDrive% and my system root is %SystemRoot%";
    str = Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables(query);
    Console.WriteLine("ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {0}  {1}", nl, str);

    Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariable: {0}  My temporary directory is
 {1}.", nl,
                           Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TEMP"));

    Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariables: ");
    IDictionary    environmentVariables = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables();
    foreach (DictionaryEntry de in environmentVariables)
        {
        Console.WriteLine("  {0} = {1}", de.Key, de.Value);
        }

    Console.WriteLine("GetFolderPath: {0}", 
                 Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.System));

    String[] drives = Environment.GetLogicalDrives();
    Console.WriteLine("GetLogicalDrives: {0}", String.Join(", ",
 drives));
    }
}
/*
This example produces results similar to the following:
(Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain 
secure has been omitted and marked "!---OMITTED---!".)

C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT

-- Environment members --
CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
ExitCode: 0
HasShutdownStarted: False
MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
NewLine:
  first line
  second line
  third line
OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
StackTrace: '   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
   at System.Environment.get_StackTrace()
   at Sample.Main()'
SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
TickCount: 17995355
UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
UserInteractive: True
UserName: !---OMITTED---!
Version: !---OMITTED---!
WorkingSet: 5038080
ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
  My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
GetEnvironmentVariable:
  My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
GetEnvironmentVariables: 
  !---OMITTED---!
GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\

*/
C++
// Sample for Environment class summary
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;
int main()
{
   String^ str;
   String^ nl = Environment::NewLine;
   
   //
   Console::WriteLine();
   Console::WriteLine( "-- Environment members --" );
   
   //  Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line arguments.
   Console::WriteLine( "CommandLine: {0}", Environment::CommandLine );
   array<String^>^arguments = Environment::GetCommandLineArgs();
   Console::WriteLine( "GetCommandLineArgs: {0}", String::Join( ",
 ", arguments ) );
   
   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine( "CurrentDirectory: {0}", Environment::CurrentDirectory
 );
   Console::WriteLine( "ExitCode: {0}", Environment::ExitCode );
   Console::WriteLine( "HasShutdownStarted: {0}", Environment::HasShutdownStarted
 );
   
   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine( "MachineName: {0}", Environment::MachineName );
   Console::WriteLine( "NewLine: {0}  first line {0}  second line {0}  third
 line", Environment::NewLine );
   Console::WriteLine( "OSVersion: {0}", Environment::OSVersion );
   Console::WriteLine( "StackTrace: ' {0}'", Environment::StackTrace );
   
   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine( "SystemDirectory: {0}", Environment::SystemDirectory
 );
   Console::WriteLine( "TickCount: {0}", Environment::TickCount );
   
   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine( "UserDomainName: {0}", Environment::UserDomainName
 );
   Console::WriteLine( "UserInteractive: {0}", Environment::UserInteractive
 );
   
   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine( "UserName: {0}", Environment::UserName );
   Console::WriteLine( "Version: {0}", Environment::Version );
   Console::WriteLine( "WorkingSet: {0}", Environment::WorkingSet );
   
   //  No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate this
 example.
   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   String^ query = "My system drive is %SystemDrive% and my system root is %SystemRoot%";
   str = Environment::ExpandEnvironmentVariables( query );
   Console::WriteLine( "ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {0} {1}", nl, str );
   Console::WriteLine( "GetEnvironmentVariable: {0}  My temporary directory
 is {1}.", nl, Environment::GetEnvironmentVariable( "TEMP" ) );
   Console::WriteLine( "GetEnvironmentVariables: " );
   IDictionary^ environmentVariables = Environment::GetEnvironmentVariables();
   IEnumerator^ myEnum = environmentVariables->GetEnumerator();
   while ( myEnum->MoveNext() )
   {
      DictionaryEntry^ de = safe_cast<DictionaryEntry^>(myEnum->Current);
      Console::WriteLine( " {0} = {1}", de->Key, de->Value );
   }

   Console::WriteLine( "GetFolderPath: {0}", Environment::GetFolderPath(
 Environment::SpecialFolder::System ) );
   array<String^>^drives = Environment::GetLogicalDrives();
   Console::WriteLine( "GetLogicalDrives: {0}", String::Join( ", ",
 drives ) );
}

/*
This example produces results similar to the following:
(Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain 
secure has been omitted and marked S"!---OMITTED---!".)

C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT

-- Environment members --
CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
ExitCode: 0
HasShutdownStarted: False
MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
NewLine:
  first line
  second line
  third line
OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
StackTrace: '   at System::Environment::GetStackTrace(Exception e)
   at System::Environment::GetStackTrace(Exception e)
   at System::Environment::get_StackTrace()
   at Sample::Main()'
SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
TickCount: 17995355
UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
UserInteractive: True
UserName: !---OMITTED---!
Version: !---OMITTED---!
WorkingSet: 5038080
ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
  My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
GetEnvironmentVariable:
  My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
GetEnvironmentVariables:
  !---OMITTED---!
GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\

*/
J#
// Sample for Environment class summary
import System.*;
import System.Collections.*;

class Sample
{
    public static void main(String[]
 args)
    {
        String str;
        String nl = Environment.get_NewLine();

        //
        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine("-- Environment members --");

        //  Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line
 arguments.
        Console.WriteLine("CommandLine: {0}", Environment.get_CommandLine());

        String arguments[] = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();

        Console.WriteLine("GetCommandLineArgs: {0}",
            String.Join(", ", arguments));

        //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
        Console.WriteLine("CurrentDirectory: {0}",
            Environment.get_CurrentDirectory());
        Console.WriteLine("ExitCode: {0}", (Int32)Environment.get_ExitCode());
        Console.WriteLine("HasShutdownStarted: {0}",
            (System.Boolean)Environment.get_HasShutdownStarted());

        //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
        Console.WriteLine("MachineName: {0}", Environment.get_MachineName());
        Console.WriteLine("NewLine: {0}  first line{0}  second line{0}  "
            + "third line", Environment.get_NewLine());
        Console.WriteLine("OSVersion: {0}", Environment.get_OSVersion().
            ToString());
        Console.WriteLine("StackTrace: '{0}'", Environment.get_StackTrace());

        //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
        Console.WriteLine("SystemDirectory: {0}", Environment.
            get_SystemDirectory());
        Console.WriteLine("TickCount: {0}", (Int32)Environment.
            get_TickCount());

        //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
        Console.WriteLine("UserDomainName: {0}", 
            Environment.get_UserDomainName());
        Console.WriteLine("UserInteractive: {0}",
            (System.Boolean)Environment.get_UserInteractive());

        //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
        Console.WriteLine("UserName: {0}", Environment.get_UserName());
        Console.WriteLine("Version: {0}", Environment.get_Version().
            ToString());
        Console.WriteLine("WorkingSet: {0}",
            System.Convert.ToString(Environment.get_WorkingSet()));

        //  No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate
 
        // this example.
        //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
        String query = "My system drive is %SystemDrive% and my system "
            + "root is %SystemRoot%";

        str = Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables(query);
        Console.WriteLine("ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {0}  {1}", nl, str);
        Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariable: {0}  My temporary "
            + "directory is {1}.", nl, Environment.
            GetEnvironmentVariable("TEMP"));
        Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariables: ");

        IDictionary environmentVariables = Environment.
            GetEnvironmentVariables();
        DictionaryEntry de;
        IEnumerator enumObj = environmentVariables.GetEnumerator();
        while (enumObj.MoveNext()) {
            de = (DictionaryEntry)enumObj.get_Current();
            Console.WriteLine("  {0} = {1}", de.get_Key(), de.get_Value());
        }
        Console.WriteLine("GetFolderPath: {0}", 
            Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.System));
        String drives[] = Environment.GetLogicalDrives();
        Console.WriteLine("GetLogicalDrives: {0}", 
            String.Join(", ", drives));
    } //main
} //Sample
/*
This example produces results similar to the following:
(Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain 
secure has been omitted and marked "!---OMITTED---!".)

C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT

-- Environment members --
CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
ExitCode: 0
HasShutdownStarted: False
MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
NewLine:
  first line
  second line
  third line
OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
StackTrace: '   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
   at System.Environment.get_StackTrace()
   at Sample.Main()'
SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
TickCount: 17995355
UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
UserInteractive: True
UserName: !---OMITTED---!
Version: !---OMITTED---!
WorkingSet: 5038080
ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
  My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
GetEnvironmentVariable:
  My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
GetEnvironmentVariables: 
  !---OMITTED---!
GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\

*/
継承階層継承階層
System.Object
  System.Environment
スレッド セーフスレッド セーフ
この型の public static (Visual Basic では Shared) メンバはすべて、スレッド セーフです。インスタンス メンバの場合は、スレッド セーフであるとは限りません。
プラットフォームプラットフォーム

Windows 98, Windows 2000 SP4, Windows CE, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows Mobile for Pocket PC, Windows Mobile for Smartphone, Windows Server 2003, Windows XP Media Center Edition, Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, Windows XP SP2, Windows XP Starter Edition

開発プラットフォームの中には、.NET Framework によってサポートされていないバージョンがあります。サポートされているバージョンについては、「システム要件」を参照してください。

バージョン情報バージョン情報
.NET Framework
サポート対象 : 2.0、1.1、1.0
.NET Compact Framework
サポート対象 : 2.0、1.0
参照参照
関連項目
Environment メンバ
System 名前空間

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「Environment クラス」の関連用語

1
Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable メソッド
.NET Framework クラス ライブラリ リファレンス
50% |||||

2
Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables メソッド
.NET Framework クラス ライブラリ リファレンス
50% |||||

3
Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable メソッド
.NET Framework クラス ライブラリ リファレンス
50% |||||

4
StackTrace フィールド
.NET Framework クラス ライブラリ リファレンス
50% |||||

5
StackTrace プロパティ
.NET Framework クラス ライブラリ リファレンス
50% |||||

6
FileDialog フィールド
.NET Framework クラス ライブラリ リファレンス
38% |||||

7
OSFeature プロパティ
.NET Framework クラス ライブラリ リファレンス
38% |||||

8
OSFeature フィールド
.NET Framework クラス ライブラリ リファレンス
36% |||||

9
Environment.Exit メソッド
.NET Framework クラス ライブラリ リファレンス
36% |||||

10
Environment.ExitCode プロパティ
.NET Framework クラス ライブラリ リファレンス
34% |||||

Environment クラスのお隣キーワード

Environment クラス

Environment プロパティ

Environment メソッド

Environment メンバ

Environment.ProcessorCount プロパティ

Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable メソッド

Environment.SpecialFolder 列挙体

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