植物内生真菌とは？ わかりやすく解説

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植物内生真菌

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 (2023/01/13 04:44 UTC 版)

植物内生真菌（しょくぶつないせいしんきん、英: Endophytic fungi）とは、内生生物の一種で、少なくとも植物の生活環の一時期に宿主の体内で生息し、かつ病原性がないことが明らかな真菌である。多くの植物の細胞内に生息する[1][2]。植物内生真菌との共生は、昆虫や哺乳類、鳥類といった草食動物からの食害に対する間接防御に有効である。また、内生真菌は宿主の水分や栄養素の取り込み量を増加させる。その対価として植物は光合成産物を内生真菌に与える[3]。ひとたび内生真菌が植物体内で共生を始めると、宿主の栄養素の含有率は変化し、宿主体内で二次代謝産物の生産が開始もしくは強化される[4]。これら植物の組成変化は昆虫による食害、有蹄動物による草食、成虫による産卵の両方またはいずれか一方を防止する[5]。また、植物病原菌や環境ストレスによる損傷の軽減にも効果がある[6]。


脚注
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