エロヒム 【Elohim】
エロヒム
出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 (2023/10/11 10:52 UTC 版)
エロヒム（ヘブライ語: אֱלֹהִים）は、ヘブライ語聖書に登場し、神を表す普通名詞。文脈により何を指しているかは変わるが、ヘブライ語聖書の多くの部分では神ヤハウェיהוהと同一視される。エロヒムを複数形と解釈した場合その単数形は「エロア」と復元できるが、これはアラビア語で「神」の単数形であるアッラー Allahと同根である。
- ^ Glinert, Modern Hebrew: An Essential Grammar, Routledge, p. 14, section 13 "(b) Agreement".
- ^ Gesenius, A Grammar of the Hebrew Language.
- ^ a b c d e K. van der Toorn, Bob Becking, Pieter Willem van der Horst (eds), Dictionary of deities and demons in the Bible (revised 2nd edition, Brill, 1999) ISBN 90-04-11119-0, p. 274, 352-3
- ^ Article "Eloah" by Dennis Pardee in Karel van der Toorn, ed (1999). Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible (2 ed.). p. 285. ASIN B00RWRAWY8s.v. "Eloah" "The term expressing the simple notion of 'gods' in these texts is ilm...".
- ^ van der Toorn, Karel (1999). “God”. In van der Toorn, Karel; Becking, Bob; van der Horst, Pieter. Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible (2nd ed.). Brill. pp. 360. ISBN 90-04-11119-0
- ^ ジークムント・フロイト『モーセと一神教』ISBN 978-4480087935
- ^ KTU; Keilalphabetische Texte aus Ugarit 2nd Enlarged Edition 1.4.VI.46
- ^ John Day (2008). Yahweh and the gods and goddesses of Canaan, p.23
- ^ Moses Maimonides. Guide for the Perplexed (1904 translation by Friedländer). Starting from the beginning of chapter 2.
- ^ Brian B. Schmidt, Israel's beneficent dead: ancestor cult and necromancy in ancient Israelite Religion and Tradition, "Forschungen zum Alten Testament", N. 11 (Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr Siebeck, 1994), p. 217: "In spite of the fact that the MT plural noun 'elohim of v.13 is followed by a plural participle 'olim, a search for the antecedent to the singular pronominal suffix on mah-to'ro in v.14 what does he/it look like? has led interpreters to view the 'elohim . . . 'olim as a designation for the dead Samuel, "a god ascending." The same term 'elohim ... He, therefore, urgently requests verification of Samuel's identity, mah-to'"ro, "what does he/it look like?" The .... 32:1, 'elohim occurs with a plural finite verb and denotes multiple gods in this instance: 'elohim '"seryel'ku I fydnenu, "the gods who will go before us." Thus, the two occurrences of 'elohim in 1 Sam 28:13,15 — the first complemented by a plural ...28:13 manifests a complex textual history, then the 'elohim of v. 13 might represent not the deified dead, but those gods known to be summoned — some from the netherworld — to assist in the retrieval of the ghost.373 ...
- ^ “創世記(口語訳) - Wikisource”. ja.wikisource.org. 2019年8月7日閲覧。
- ^ Benamozegh, Elia; Maxwell Luria (1995). Israel and Humanity. Paulist Press International. p. 104. ISBN 978-0809135417
- ^ Hamilton, Victor P. (2012). Exodus: An Exegetical Commentary. Baker Academic. ISBN 978-0801031830
- ^ e.g. Gen. 20:13 ヘブライ語: התעו אתי אלהים מבית אבי (where התעו is from ヘブライ語: תעה "to err, wander, go astray, stagger", the causative plural "they caused to wander")
- ^ LXX: ἐξήγαγέν με ὁ θεὸς ἐκ τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ πατρός; KJV: "when God caused me to wander from my father's house"
- ^ Gesenius, Hebrew Grammar: 124g, without article 125f, with article 126e, with the singular 145h, with plural 132h, 145i
- ^ Brenton Septuagint Exodus 21:6 προσάξει αὐτὸν ὁ κύριος αὐτοῦ πρὸς τὸ κριτήριον τοῦ θεοῦ
- ^ The Biblical Repositor p. 360 ed. Edward Robinson - 1838 "Gesenius denies that elohim ever means angels; and he refers in this denial particularly to Ps. 8: 5, and Ps. 97: 7; but he observes, that the term is so translated in the ancient versions."
- ^ Samuel Davidsohn, An Introduction to the New Testament, Vol. III, 1848, p. 282: "Hengstenberg, for example, affirms, that the usus loquendi is decisive against the direct reference to angels, because Elohim never signifies angels. He thinks that the Septuagint translator could not understand the representation..."
- ^ "Samael"
- ^ “詩篇(口語訳) - Wikisource”. ja.wikisource.org. 2019年8月7日閲覧。
- ^ Exodus 21:34, 22:11, Ecclesiastes 5:10, 7:12, Job 31:39
- ^ Genesis 39:20, 42:30, 42:33, I Kings 16:24
- ^ Job 40:15
- ^ Mark Futato (2010). "Ask a Scholar: What Does YHWH Elohim Mean?".
- ^ “Genesis / 創世記 -35 : 聖書日本語 - 旧約聖書”. www.wordproject.org. 2019年8月7日閲覧。
- ^ NET Bible with Companion CD-ROM W. Hall Harris, 3rd, none - 2003 - "35:14 So Jacob set up a sacred stone pillar in the place where God spoke with him.30 He poured out a 20tn Heb "revealed themselves." The verb iVl] (niglu), translated "revealed himself," is plural, even though one expects the singular"
- ^ Haggai and Malachi p36 Herbert Wolf - 1976 If both the noun and the verb are plural, the construction can refer to a person, just as the statement “God revealed Himself” in Genesis 35:7 has a plural noun and verb. But since the word God, “Elohim,” is plural in form,8 the verb ..."
- ^ J. Harold Ellens, Wayne G. Rollins, Psychology and the Bible: From Genesis to apocalyptic vision, 2004, p. 243: "Often the plural form Elohim, when used in reference to the biblical deity, takes a plural verb or adjective (Gen. 20:13, 35:7; Exod. 32:4, 8; 2 Sam. 7:23; Ps. 58:12),"
- ^ “詩篇(口語訳) - Wikisource”. ja.wikisource.org. 2019年8月7日閲覧。
- ^ Steussy, Marti (2013). Chalice Introduction to the Old Testament. Chalice Press. ISBN 9780827205666
- ^ Smith, Mark (2010). God in Translation: Deities in Cross-Cultural Discourse in the Biblical World. William B. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802864338
- ^ “ヨハネによる福音書(口語訳) - Wikisource”. ja.wikisource.org. 2019年8月7日閲覧。
- ^ Marvin H. Pope, El in the Ugaritic texts, "Supplements to Vetus Testamentum", Vol. II, Leiden, Brill, 1955. Pp. x—l-116, p. 49.
- ^ First Presidency and Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, "The Father and the Son", Improvement Era, August 1916, pp. 934–42; reprinted as "The Father and the Son", Ensign, April 2002.
- ^ Talmage, James E. (September 1915). Jesus the Christ, (1956 ed.). p. 38
[続きの解説]
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