エド・ロバーツとは? わかりやすく解説

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エド・ロバーツ

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 (2023/06/27 07:41 UTC 版)

ヘンリー・エドワード・ロバーツ(Henry Edward Roberts、1941年9月13日 - 2010年4月1日)は、アメリカ合衆国工学者起業家医師1975年に世界初の商業的に成功したパーソナルコンピュータを開発したことで知られ[1]、「パーソナルコンピュータの父」と呼ばれている[2]


注釈

  1. ^ ここでは「傑出した」の意味だが、「星の」の意味と掛けている。
  2. ^ 『ポピュラーエレクトロニクス』誌は、表紙に記載された日付の前月に発行された。1975年1月号は1974年11月29日に発行されている。
  3. ^ ロバーツの農場の面積は約1000エーカー(4平方キロメートル)であるが、『Siliconnections』 (Mims (1986), page 48)には900エーカー、『アトランタ・ジャーナル=コンスティテューション』紙(April 27, 1997)には1200エーカーとある。

出典

  1. ^ a b c d Emerson, Bo (1997年4月27日). “Doctor of invention Computer pioneer keeping it personal as a small-town doc”. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution: p. M 01  The article gives his date of birth as September 13, 1941.
  2. ^ “Microsoft founders lead tributes to 'father of the PC'”. BBC News. (2010年4月2日). オリジナルの2012年6月24日時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://www.webcitation.org/68ffsof6t?url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8600493.stm 2010年4月2日閲覧。 
  3. ^ a b Roberts, Ed (November 1971). “Electronic desk calculator you can build”. Popular Electronics 35 (5): 27–32. 
  4. ^ a b Lucas, Urith (1973年4月20日). “Albq calculator firm to expand plant, triple number of employees ]”. The Albuquerque Tribune: p. C14  Summary: MITS to move to the Cal-Lin Building, 6328 Linn NE in May. Now at 5404 Coal SE. Employment is expected to rise from 62 to 180 or 200. Company will have 10,000平方フィート (930 m2) on one floor. Calculator sales reached $100,000 in March.
  5. ^ Zannos (2003), 15.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Miller, Samantha; Wescott, Gail Cameron (January 27, 1997). "The Road Not Chosen: He might have been Ed Roberts, billionaire; instead, he became a rural MD". People. pp 97-98
  7. ^ Zannos (2003), 16–17.
  8. ^ Zannos (2003), 18–19.
  9. ^ Mims (1986), 24–27.
  10. ^ Mims, Forrest M. (September 1969). “Transistorized Tracking Light for Night Launched Model Rockets”. Model Rocketry (Cambridge, MA: Model Rocketry, Inc) 1 (11): 9–11. http://www.ninfinger.org/~sven/rockets/ModelRocketry/ModelRocketry.html. 
  11. ^ Carlin, Margie (1970年1月30日). “Want to Fly a Rocket? Albq Academy Is the Pad”. Albuquerque Tribune: p. B10 
  12. ^ Mims (1986), 29.
  13. ^ Mims, Forrest; Henry E Roberts (November 1970). “Assemble an LED Communicator – The Opticom”. Popular Electronics (Ziff Davis) 33 (5): 45–50, 98–99. 
  14. ^ Mims (1986) 34–36.
  15. ^ Zannos (2003), 19.
  16. ^ “New Products: Do-it-yourself Electronic Calculator”. Computer (IEEE) 3 (6): 38–41. (November 1970). doi:10.1109/C-M.1970.216730. http://www.computer.org/csdl/mags/co/1970/06/index.html. "Electronic Arrays has developed the EAS100, a set of MOS LSI circuits for a 16 digit calculator with 8 digit display capability." 
  17. ^ US patent 3800129, Richard H. Umstattd, "MOS Desk Calculator", issued 1974-03-26  The Electronic Arrays, Inc. calculator chip set that was used in the MITS 816 calculator.
  18. ^ Mims (1986) 24–27, 34–36.
  19. ^ Cliff, W. Wilson (1971年10月31日). “Little Firm in City Making Big Name with Calculator”. Albuquerque Journal: p. G-2. "But hundreds of thousands of electronics enthusiasts the world over have read about MITS within the last 10 days and no less than 200 already bought the light-weight 16-digit electronic calculator…" 
  20. ^ Young (1998), 152–153.
  21. ^ “New Products”. Computer (IEEE) 5 (6): 59–63. (November 1972). doi:10.1109/C-M.1972.216999. 
  22. ^ Young (1998), 154–155.
  23. ^ Young (1998), 155–158.
  24. ^ Ceruzzi (2003), 227–228.
  25. ^ Salsberg, Art (October 1984). “Will the Real 'Father Of Personal Computers' Please Stand Up ... H. Edward Roberts”. Modern Electronics 1 (1): 64–66. ISSN 0748-9889. 
  26. ^ H. Edward Roberts; William Yates (January 1975). “Altair 8800 minicomputer”. Popular Electronics (Ziff Davis) 7 (1): 33–38. 
  27. ^ Milford, Annette (April 1976). “Computer Power of the Future – The Hobbyists”. Computer Notes (Albuquerque NM: MITS) 1 (11): 7. オリジナルのMarch 23, 2012時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20120323162008/http://startup.nmnaturalhistory.org/gallery/notesViewer.php?ii=76_4&p=7 2007年12月1日閲覧。.  "Les Solomon entertained a curious audience with anecdotes about how it all began for MITS, The name for MITS's computer, for example, was inspired by his 12-year-old daughter. She said why don't you call it Altair – that's where the [Star Trek] Enterprise is going tonight."
  28. ^ Salsberg, Arther (November 12, 1984). “Jaded Memory”. InfoWorld 6 (46): 7. ISSN 0199-6649. https://books.google.com/books?id=oy4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA7. 
  29. ^ Mims, Forrest M. (November 1984). “The Altair story; early days at MITS”. Creative Computing (Creative Computing) 10 (11): 17. http://www.atarimagazines.com/creative/v10n11/17_The_Altair_story_early_d.php. 
  30. ^ Green, Wayne (October 1975). “From the Publisher .. Are they real?”. BYTE (Green Publishing) 1 (2): 61, 81, 87.  In August 1975, Wayne Green visited several personal computer manufacturers. A photo caption in his trip report says; "Meanwhile, at MITS, over 5,000 Altair 8800's have been shipped. Here is a view of part of the production line."
  31. ^ “Updated Price List”. Computer Notes (Albuquerque NM: MITS) 1 (1): 6. (April 1975). オリジナルのMarch 23, 2012時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20120323162008/http://startup.nmnaturalhistory.org/gallery/notesViewer.php?ii=75_4&p=6. Larger version.
  32. ^ “Hardware”. Homebrew Computer Club Newsletter 1 (5): 2, 4. (July 5, 1975). http://www.digibarn.com/collections/newsletters/homebrew/V1_05/index.html. 
  33. ^ Littman, Jonathan (1987). Once Upon a Time in ComputerLand: The Amazing, Billion-Dollar Tale of Bill Millard. Los Angeles: Price Stern Sloan. p. 18. ISBN 0-89586-502-5  "Later that day, December 16 [1975], United Parcel Service picked up the first shipment of 50 IMSAI computer kits for delivery to customers."
  34. ^ Manes (1994), 68–73.
  35. ^ Manes (1994), 74–75.
  36. ^ Manes (1994), 74–76.
  37. ^ Young (1998), 164.
  38. ^ “Contributors”. Computer Notes (Albuquerque NM: MITS) 1 (5): 13. (October 1975). オリジナルのMarch 23, 2012時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20120323162008/http://startup.nmnaturalhistory.org/gallery/notesViewer.php?ii=75_10&p=13. 
  39. ^ Wallace, James; Jim Erickson (1992). Hard Drive: Bill Gates and the Making of the Microsoft Empire. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 81–83. ISBN 0-471-56886-4. https://archive.org/details/harddrivebillgat00wall_0/page/81 "When Harvard officials found out that he (Gates) and Allen had been making extensive use of the university's PDP-10 to develop a commercial product, they were not pleased." The computer was funded by the Department of Defense and was under the control of Professor Thomas Cheatham. "Although DARPA was funding the PDP-10 at Harvard, there was no written policy regarding its use."
  40. ^ Manes (1994), 82–83.
  41. ^ Manes (1994), 109–114.
  42. ^ McElheny, Victor K. (1977年6月16日). “Computer Show: Preview Of More Ingenious Models; Computer Show Confirms Trend In Widening Use of Technology”. The New York Times: p. 79. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60611FC3A5B167493C4A8178DD85F438785F9. "J. David Callan, head of Pertec's Microsystems division, which includes the Altair line and Icom, of Canoga Park, Calif., maker of computer peripheral equipment for such small computers, said that Altair sales totaled about $6 million last year." 
  43. ^ Boonham, J. C. (1978). Small Systems Computer Sourcebook. pp. 68–69. ISBN 978-0-470-26295-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=RsAOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA68 
  44. ^ Manes (1994), 101.
  45. ^ Young (1998), 174.
  46. ^ Milewski, Richard (December 8, 1980). “Last Vestige of Mits Closes”. InfoWorld 2 (22): 7. ISSN 0199-6649. https://books.google.com/books?id=mD4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT6. 
  47. ^ Zannos (2003), 39–42.
  48. ^ Moreau, Dan (April 1989). “Change Agent”. Kiplinger's Personal Finance 43 (4): 128. ISSN 1528-9729. https://books.google.com/books?id=CQQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA128. 
  49. ^ Zannos (2003), 44.
  50. ^ Lohr, Steve (2010年4月2日). “H. Edward Roberts, PC Pioneer, Dies at 68”. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/03/business/03roberts.html 
  51. ^ Kovac, Joe (2010年4月3日). “Forgotten legend: Cochran funeral set for builder of first PC”. Macon Telegraph (Macon, GA). オリジナルの2010年4月5日時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20100405025323/http://www.macon.com/2010/04/03/1081504/funeral-for-the-builder-of-the.html 
  52. ^ Allen, Paul (2010年4月19日). “H. Edward Roberts”. Time. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1978791,00.html 2010年4月11日閲覧. "Ed Roberts, who died of pneumonia April 1 at 68, has rightfully been described as an architect of the personal-computer revolution." 





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