希死念慮とは? わかりやすく解説

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希死念慮

読み方:きしねんりょ

死にたいとこいねがい、自殺したい考えること。自殺について思い巡らすこと。実際に行為に及ぶことを自殺企図という。

きし‐ねんりょ【希死念慮】

読み方:きしねんりょ

死にたいと願うこと。

[補説] 自殺願望同義ともされるが、疾病人間関係など解決しがたい問題から逃れるために死を選択しようとする状態を「自殺願望」、具体的な理由はないが漠然と死を願う状態を「希死念慮」と使い分けることがある


希死念慮

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 (2024/01/19 06:39 UTC 版)

希死念慮(きしねんりょ、英語: Suicidal ideation)または自殺念慮(じさつねんりょ)は、自らの命を絶つことについての考えや反芻のこと[1]。これは診断名ではないが、一部の精神障害の症状であり、精神障害がなくとも辛い出来事や有害事象に反応して発生することがある[2]


  1. ^ a b World Health Organization, ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics, ver. 09/2020, MB26.A Suicidal ideation
  2. ^ a b Barry, Lisa C. Passive Suicidal Ideation in Older Adults: Implications for Suicide Prevention, American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 27, no. 12 (December 2019): 1411 ("... growing evidence points toward a subgroup of individuals who endorse passive SI [suicidal ideation] in later life outside the context of clinical depression.")
  3. ^ a b Falcone, Tatiana; Timmons-Mitchell, Jane (2018-05-18). “Mood Disorders and Suicide” (英語). Suicide Prevention: A Practical Guide for the Practitioner. Springer. pp. 38. ISBN 978-3-319-74391-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=-j9bDwAAQBAJ 
  4. ^ a b Kumar, Updesh (2017-10-26). “Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents–A Transcultural Analysis” (英語). Handbook of Suicidal Behaviour. Springer. pp. 269. ISBN 978-981-10-4816-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=qaI7DwAAQBAJ&q=%22passive+suicidal+ideation%22&pg=PA269 
  5. ^ a b c d e f Gliatto, MF; Rai, AK (March 1999). “Evaluation and Treatment of Patients with Suicidal Ideation”. American Family Physician 59 (6): 1500–6. PMID 10193592. オリジナルの2006-09-25時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20060925091838/http://www.aafp.org/afp/990315ap/1500.html 2007年1月8日閲覧。. 
  6. ^ Crosby, Alex; Beth, Han (October 2011). “Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among Adults Aged ≥18 Years --- United States, 2008-2009”. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 60 (13). オリジナルの2015-01-07時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20150107083836/http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss6013a1.htm 2015年1月8日閲覧。. 
  7. ^ Facts About Suicide”. 2022年1月7日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2022年1月9日閲覧。
  8. ^ Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (2020). Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. オリジナルの2021-10-09時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20211009013956/https://store.samhsa.gov/product/key-substance-use-and-mental-health-indicators-in-the-united-states-results-from-the-2019-national-survey-on-Drug-Use-and-Health/PEP20-07-01-001 2022年1月9日閲覧。. 
  9. ^ Uddin, R; Burton, NW; Maple, M; Khan, SR; Khan, A (2019). “Suicidal ideation, suicide planning, and suicide attempts among adolescents in 59 low-income and middle-income countries: a population-based study”. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health 3 (4): 223–233. doi:10.1016/S2352-4642(18)30403-6. hdl:10072/387579. PMID 30878117. オリジナルの2020-02-18時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20200218002359/https://eprints.qut.edu.au/127817/1/127817a.pdf 2019年11月29日閲覧。. 
  10. ^ Griffin, E.; Kavalidou, K.; Bonner, B.; O'Hagan, D.; Corcoran, P. (2020). “Risk of repetition and subsequent self-harm following presentation to hospital with suicidal ideation: A longitudinal registry study”. EClinicalMedicine 23: 100378. doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100378. ISSN 2589-5370. PMC 7280762. PMID 32529177. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7280762/. 
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  12. ^ 原文: "thoughts, ideas, or ruminations about the possibility of ending one's life, ranging from thinking that one would be better off dead to formulation of elaborate plans"
  13. ^ 原文: "thoughts about self-harm, with deliberate consideration or planning of possible techniques of causing one's own death"
  14. ^ Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5). Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing. (2013). p. 830. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8 
  15. ^ 原文: "as thinking about, considering, or planning suicide"
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  31. ^ Bolton, James; Cox, Brian; Clara, Ian; Sareen, Jitender (November 2006). “Use of alcohol and drugs to self-medicate anxiety disorders in a nationally representative sample”. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 194 (11): 818–825. doi:10.1097/01.nmd.0000244481.63148.98. ISSN 0022-3018. PMID 17102705. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17102705/. 
  32. ^ Fergusson, DM; Woodward, LJ; Horwood, LJ (2000). “Risk factors and life processes associated with the onset of suicidal behavior during adolescence and early adulthood”. Psychological Medicine 30 (1): 23–39. doi:10.1017/s003329179900135x. PMID 10722173. 
  33. ^ a b c Gonzalez, VM (2012). “Association of solitary binge drinking and suicidal behavior among emerging adult college students”. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 26 (3): 609–614. doi:10.1037/a0026916. PMC 3431456. PMID 22288976. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3431456/. 
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  35. ^ McDermott, Elizabeth; Hughes, Elizabeth; Rawlings, Victoria (February 2018). “Norms and normalisation: understanding lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer youth, suicidality and help-seeking”. Culture, Health & Sexuality 20 (2): 156–172. doi:10.1080/13691058.2017.1335435. ISSN 1369-1058. PMID 28641479. 
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「希死念慮」の関連用語

1
自殺願望 デジタル大辞泉
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10
医学的な診断についてSABCS: 自殺に関する感情・行動・認知スケールコロンビア自殺重症度評価尺度自殺兆候詳細は「en:Suicide crisis」、「en:Suicidal ideation」、「自殺兆候」、および「自殺念慮」を参照人が死にたいと思うことはよくある事であり、自殺したいと願う気持ちを自殺念慮、精神分析学者のフロイトはデストルドーと名付けられている。しかし、自殺という行動を計画し実行に移す人は稀である。実際に実行に移すまでに至る人は、ほとんどのケースで自殺前に周囲の人がわかるような兆候を示しており、兆候もなく亡くなるケースは稀である。自殺に至る兆候としては、以下の例がある。うつ病をはじめとする精神疾患。WHOのデータで自殺者の約 97%に精神疾患の兆候が見られたとしている。また、うつ治療薬の副作用に自殺念慮を起こすものもあり、米国などでは薬剤の処方と共に副作用に自殺念慮があること、家族に自殺予防のための注意書きを添えることが義務化されている場合がある。原因不明な心身の不調。アルコールなどの大量摂取。安全や健康に気を使わず自暴自棄。体重の急な増加・減少仕事の増加、重責、ミスの増加や大きなミス、失職。孤立、サポートの無い状態。いじめ。屈辱や不名誉本人にとって重要な何かしらの喪失。大病。、身体が不自由になる疾病など)。自殺を望む言動。自殺に至る情報の収集。自殺の計画。自殺を仕向ける言動を受ける。自殺抑制要因
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