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ARC (タンパク質)

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 (2024/05/15 13:42 UTC 版)

ARC（activity regulated cytoskeleton associated protein）は神経可塑性（英語版）と関係するタンパク質であり、ヒトではARC遺伝子にコードされる。1995年に初めて特性解析がなされた^[5]^[6]。ARCは最初期遺伝子（IEG）の1つであり、タンパク質合成阻害剤（英語版）の存在下で迅速に転写が活性化される。ARCのmRNAは活性化されたシナプス部位にNMDA受容体依存的に局在し^[7]^[8]、そこで新たに翻訳されたタンパク質は学習や記憶と関連した分子過程に重要な役割を果たしていると考えられている^[9]。ARCタンパク質は、その活性制御、局在、脳の可塑性変化のマーカーとしての有用性から、神経生物学における重要性が広く認識されている。ARCタンパク質産生の機能不全は、健忘^[10]、アルツハイマー病、自閉症スペクトラム障害、脆弱X症候群など、さまざまな神経疾患の理解において重要な因子であることが示唆されている^[11]。EGR1（英語版）やHOMER1（英語版）など他のIEGとともに、ARCもまたシステム神経科学における重要なツールであることがcatFISH（cellular compartment analysis of temporal activity by fluorescence in situ hybridization）テクノロジーの開発によって示されている^[12]^[13]。

出典

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000198576 - Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022602 - Ensembl, May 2017
^ Human PubMed Reference:
^ Mouse PubMed Reference:
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f “Arc, a growth factor and activity-regulated gene, encodes a novel cytoskeleton-associated protein that is enriched in neuronal dendrites”. Neuron 14 (2): 433–45. (1995). doi:10.1016/0896-6273(95)90299-6. PMID 7857651.
^ “Somatodendritic expression of an immediate early gene is regulated by synaptic activity”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 92 (12): 5734–8. (1995). Bibcode: 1995PNAS...92.5734L. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.12.5734. PMC 41771. PMID 7777577.
^ ^a ^b ^c “Differential intracellular sorting of immediate early gene mRNAs depends on signals in the mRNA sequence”. The Journal of Neuroscience 18 (1): 26–35. (1998). doi:10.1523/jneurosci.18-01-00026.1998. PMC 6793378. PMID 9412483.
^ ^a ^b “Selective targeting of newly synthesized Arc mRNA to active synapses requires NMDA receptor activation”. Neuron 30 (1): 227–40. (2001). doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(01)00275-6. PMID 11343657.
^ ^a ^b “Memory-influencing intra-basolateral amygdala drug infusions modulate expression of Arc protein in the hippocampus”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102 (30): 10718–23. (2005). Bibcode: 2005PNAS..10210718M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0504436102. PMC 1175582. PMID 16020527.
^ “Involvement of hippocampal Arc in amnesia and its recovery by alcoholic extract of Ashwagandha leaves”. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory 106: 177–84. (2013). doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2013.08.009. PMID 24012642.
^ “Arc protein 'could be key to memory loss', says study”. BBC News Online. (2013年6月9日) 2013年6月9日閲覧。
^ “Environment-specific expression of the immediate-early gene Arc in hippocampal neuronal ensembles”. Nature Neuroscience 2 (12): 1120–4. (1999). doi:10.1038/16046. PMID 10570490.
^ “Experience-dependent coincident expression of the effector immediate-early genes arc and Homer 1a in hippocampal and neocortical neuronal networks”. The Journal of Neuroscience 22 (23): 10067–71. (2002). doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-23-10067.2002. PMC 6758761. PMID 12451105.
^ “Gene: ARC (ENSG00000198576) - Summary - Homo sapiens - Ensembl genome browser 100”. 2023年6月2日閲覧。
^ “Gene: Arc (ENSMUSG00000022602) - Summary - Mus musculus - Ensembl genome browser 100”. 2023年6月2日閲覧。
^ “Gene: Arc (ENSRNOG00000043465) - Summary - Rattus norvegicus - Ensembl genome browser 100”. 2023年6月2日閲覧。
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d “Arg3.1/Arc mRNA induction by Ca2+ and cAMP requires protein kinase A and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular regulated kinase activation”. The Journal of Neuroscience 21 (15): 5484–93. (2001). doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-15-05484.2001. PMC 6762636. PMID 11466419.
^ ^a ^b “The serum response factor and a putative novel transcription factor regulate expression of the immediate-early gene Arc/Arg3.1 in neurons”. The Journal of Neuroscience 29 (5): 1525–37. (2009). doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5575-08.2009. PMC 2874324. PMID 19193899.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d “Synaptic activity-responsive element in the Arc/Arg3.1 promoter essential for synapse-to-nucleus signaling in activated neurons”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106 (1): 316–21. (2009). Bibcode: 2009PNAS..106..316K. doi:10.1073/pnas.0806518106. PMC 2629236. PMID 19116276.
^ ^a ^b “Identification of a cis-acting element required for dendritic targeting of activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein mRNA”. The European Journal of Neuroscience 22 (12): 2977–84. (2005). doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04508.x. PMID 16367764.
^ “The ever-increasing complexities of the exon junction complex”. Current Opinion in Cell Biology 16 (3): 279–84. (2004). doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2004.03.012. PMID 15145352.
^ ^a ^b “The EJC factor eIF4AIII modulates synaptic strength and neuronal protein expression”. Cell 130 (1): 179–91. (2007). doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.05.028. PMID 17632064.
^ “Multiplexed dendritic targeting of alpha calcium calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, neurogranin, and activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein RNAs by the A2 pathway”. Molecular Biology of the Cell 19 (5): 2311–27. (2008). doi:10.1091/mbc.E07-09-0914. PMC 2366844. PMID 18305102.
^ ^a ^b “The Neuronal Gene Arc Encodes a Repurposed Retrotransposon Gag Protein that Mediates Intercellular RNA Transfer” (英語). Cell 172 (1–2): 275–288.e18. (2018-01-11). doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.12.024. ISSN 0092-8674. PMC 5923900. PMID 29570995.
^ “Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein Arc/Arg3.1 binds to spectrin and associates with nuclear promyelocytic leukemia (PML) bodies”. Brain Research 1153: 20–33. (2007). doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.03.079. PMID 17466953.
^ ^a ^b “Arc/Arg3.1 interacts with the endocytic machinery to regulate AMPA receptor trafficking”. Neuron 52 (3): 445–59. (2006). doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.08.033. PMC 1784006. PMID 17088211.
^ “AMPA receptors regulate transcription of the plasticity-related immediate-early gene Arc”. Nature Neuroscience 9 (7): 887–95. (2006). doi:10.1038/nn1708. PMID 16732277.
^ “Retrovirus-like Gag Protein Arc1 Binds RNA and Traffics across Synaptic Boutons”. Cell 172 (1–2): 262–274.e11. (2018). doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.12.022. PMC 5793882. PMID 29328915.
^ ^a ^b “Actin polymerization and ERK phosphorylation are required for Arc/Arg3.1 mRNA targeting to activated synaptic sites on dendrites”. The Journal of Neuroscience 27 (34): 9054–67. (2007). doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2410-07.2007. PMC 6672203. PMID 17715342.
^ “Synaptic activation causes the mRNA for the IEG Arc to localize selectively near activated postsynaptic sites on dendrites”. Neuron 21 (4): 741–51. (1998). doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80591-7. PMID 9808461.
^ “Kinesin transports RNA: isolation and characterization of an RNA-transporting granule”. Neuron 43 (4): 513–25. (2004). doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.07.022. PMID 15312650.
^ “Myosin-Va facilitates the accumulation of mRNA/protein complex in dendritic spines”. Current Biology 16 (23): 2345–51. (2006). doi:10.1016/j.cub.2006.10.024. PMID 17141617.
^ “Chemical stimulation of synaptosomes modulates alpha -Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II mRNA association to polysomes”. The Journal of Neuroscience 20 (10): RC76. (2000). doi:10.1523/jneurosci.20-10-j0004.2000. PMC 6772680. PMID 10783400.
^ “The brain-derived neurotrophic factor enhances synthesis of Arc in synaptoneurosomes”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 99 (4): 2368–73. (2002). Bibcode: 2002PNAS...99.2368Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.042693699. PMC 122371. PMID 11842217.
^ “Increased expression of the immediate-early gene arc/arg3.1 reduces AMPA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission”. Neuron 52 (3): 461–74. (2006). doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.09.031. PMC 3951199. PMID 17088212.
^ “Arc/Arg3.1 mediates homeostatic synaptic scaling of AMPA receptors”. Neuron 52 (3): 475–84. (2006). doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.08.034. PMC 1764219. PMID 17088213.
^ “Activity-regulated, cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) is essential for visceral endoderm organization during early embryogenesis”. Mechanisms of Development 92 (2): 207–15. (2000). doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(99)00340-8. PMID 10727859.
^ “Arc/Arg3.1 is essential for the consolidation of synaptic plasticity and memories”. Neuron 52 (3): 437–44. (2006). doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.08.024. PMID 17088210.
^ “Making new connections: role of ERK/MAP kinase signaling in neuronal plasticity”. Neuron 23 (1): 11–4. (1999). doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80747-3. PMID 10402188.
^ “D1 but not D5 dopamine receptors are critical for LTP, spatial learning, and LTP-Induced arc and zif268 expression in the hippocampus”. Cerebral Cortex 18 (1): 1–12. (2008). doi:10.1093/cercor/bhm026. PMID 17395606.
^ ^a ^b “Arc/Arg3.1 translation is controlled by convergent N-methyl-D-aspartate and Gs-coupled receptor signaling pathways”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 283 (1): 582–92. (2008). doi:10.1074/jbc.M702451200. PMID 17981809.
^ “MGluRs regulate the expression of neuronal calcium sensor proteins NCS-1 and VILIP-1 and the immediate early gene arg3.1/arc in the hippocampus in vivo”. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 322 (3): 1073–9. (2004). doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.08.028. PMID 15336574.
^ “Regulation of transcription by MAP kinase cascades”. Current Opinion in Cell Biology 8 (2): 205–15. (1996). doi:10.1016/s0955-0674(96)80067-6. PMID 8791420.
^ “The neuroplasticity-associated arc gene is a direct transcriptional target of early growth response (Egr) transcription factors”. Molecular and Cellular Biology 25 (23): 10286–300. (2005). doi:10.1128/MCB.25.23.10286-10300.2005. PMC 1291244. PMID 16287845.
^ “Subchronic rolipram delivery activates hippocampal CREB and arc, enhances retention and slows down extinction of conditioned fear”. Neuropsychopharmacology 31 (2): 278–86. (2006). doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1300813. PMID 15988467.
^ “Amygdala regulation of immediate-early gene expression in the hippocampus induced by contextual fear conditioning”. The Journal of Neuroscience 26 (5): 1616–23. (2006). doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4964-05.2006. PMC 6675489. PMID 16452685.
^ “Inhibition of activity-dependent arc protein expression in the rat hippocampus impairs the maintenance of long-term potentiation and the consolidation of long-term memory”. The Journal of Neuroscience 20 (11): 3993–4001. (2000). doi:10.1523/jneurosci.20-11-03993.2000. PMC 6772617. PMID 10818134.
^ “Experience-dependent gene expression in the rat hippocampus after spatial learning: a comparison of the immediate-early genes Arc, c-fos, and zif268”. The Journal of Neuroscience 21 (14): 5089–98. (2001). doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-14-05089.2001. PMC 6762831. PMID 11438584.
^ “Acquisition of a novel behavior induces higher levels of Arc mRNA than does overtrained performance”. Neuroscience 110 (4): 617–26. (2002). doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(01)00605-4. PMID 11934470.
^ “Experience-dependent regulation of the immediate-early gene arc differs across brain regions”. The Journal of Neuroscience 23 (16): 6443–51. (2003). doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-16-06443.2003. PMC 6740623. PMID 12878684.
^ Letzter, Rafi (2018年2月2日). “An Ancient Virus May Be Responsible for Human Consciousness”. Live Science. 2023年6月8日閲覧。
^ “A Viral (Arc)hive for Metazoan Memory”. Cell 172 (1–2): 8–10. (January 2018). doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.12.029. PMID 29328922.
^ “The Neuronal Gene Arc Encodes a Repurposed Retrotransposon Gag Protein that Mediates Intercellular RNA Transfer”. Cell 172 (1–2): 275–288.e18. (January 2018). doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.12.024. PMC 5884693. PMID 29328916.

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