Jack Kirbyとは? わかりやすく解説

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ジャック・カービー

(Jack Kirby から転送)

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 (2024/03/10 10:11 UTC 版)

ジャック・カービー(Jack Kirby、出生名ジェイコブ・カーツバーグ(Jacob Kurtzberg)、1917年8月28日 - 1994年2月6日)は、アメリカン・コミックの作画家、原作者編集者。コミックメディアを革新した重要人物の一人であり、有数の執筆量や影響力を持つと考えられている。コミックファンの間では「ザ・キング」と呼ばれている。


  1. ^ Evanier 2017, No. 225/2378.
  2. ^ Hamilton, Sue L. Jack Kirby. ABDO Group, 2006. ISBN 978-1-59928-298-5, p. 4
  3. ^ Jones 2004, pp. 195–196.
  4. ^ a b Evanier 2008, p. 34.
  5. ^ a b c Jones 2004, p. 196.
  6. ^ a b c d e “'I've Never Done Anything Halfheartedly'”. The Comics Journal (Seattle, Washington: Fantagraphics Books) (134). (1990-02).  Reprinted in George 2002, p. 22. Published online at Jack Kirby Interview”. The Comics Journal (2011年5月23日). 2019年5月13日閲覧。
  7. ^ a b Jones 2004, p. 197.
  8. ^ Interview, The Nostalgia Journal #30, November 1976, reprinted in George 2002, p. 3
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Jack Kirby at the Grand Comics Database.
  10. ^ Evanier 2017, No. 419/2378.
  11. ^ a b CPI Inflation Calculator”. アメリカ合衆国労働省労働統計局. 2019年4月30日閲覧。
  12. ^ “More Than Your Average Joe - Excerpts from Joe Simon's panels at the 1998 San Diego Comic-Con International”. The Jack Kirby Collector (Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing) (25). (1999-08). http://www.twomorrows.com/kirby/articles/25simon.html. 
  13. ^ Jones 2004, p. 198.
  14. ^ a b c d Harvey, R.C. (1994-04). “What Jack Kirby Did”. The Comics Journal (167). ISSN 0194-7869.  Reprinted in George 2002, pp. 61–73.
  15. ^ “Interviews: Joe Simon”. The Comics Journal (Seattle, Washington: Fantagraphics Books) (134). (1990-02). 
  16. ^ Sanderson and Gilbert, ed. 2008, p. 18. "Simon and Kirby decided to create another hero who was their response to totalitarian tyranny abroad."
  17. ^ a b Ro 2004, p. 25.
  18. ^ Markstein (2010年). “Captain America”. Don Markstein's Toonopedia. 2012年4月9日閲覧。 “Captain America was the first successful character published by the company that would become Marvel Comics to debut in his own comic. Captain America Comics #1 was dated March, 1941.”
  19. ^ Jones 2004, p. 200.
  20. ^ Evanier 2017, No. 569/2378.
  21. ^ Evanier 2017, pp. 534–554.
  22. ^ Captain Marvel Adventures #[1] at the Grand Comics Database.
  23. ^ Mendryk. “date 2 In the Beginning, Chapter 10, Captain Marvel and Others”. 2018年5月28日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2018年5月29日閲覧。
  24. ^ Ro 2004, pp. 25–26.
  25. ^ a b Ro 2004, p. 27.
  26. ^ Evanier 2017, 624/2378.
  27. ^ “'I've Never Done Anything Halfheartedly'”. The Comics Journal (Fantagraphics Books) (134): 68. (1990-02). http://www.tcj.com/archive-viewer-issue-134/nggallery/image/1003063067-i00070/ 2019年5月12日閲覧. ""I never took their scripts. DC would send me scripts, I'd throw them out the window ... I don't like anything that's contrived. I conceive, they contrive. O.K.?"" 
  28. ^ Ro 2004, p. 28.
  29. ^ Evanier 2017, No.636/2378.
  30. ^ Ro 2004, p. 30.
  31. ^ Wallace and Dolan, ed. 2010, p. 41. "1940s": " Hot properties Joe Simon and Jack Kirby joined DC ... [and] after taking over the Sandman and Sandy, the Golden Boy feature in Adventure Comics #72, the writer and artist team turned their attentions to Manhunter with issue #73."
  32. ^ Wallace and Dolan, ed. 2010, p. 41. Wallace, "1940s": "The inaugural issue of Boy Commandos represented Joe Simon and Jack Kirby's first original title since they started at DC (though the characters had debuted earlier that year in Detective Comics #64.)"
  33. ^ a b Ro 2004, p. 32.
  34. ^ Wallace and Dolan, ed. 2010, p. 41. Wallace, "1940s": "Joe Simon and Jack Kirby took their talents to a second title with Star-Spangled Comics, tackling both the Guardian and the Newsboy Legion in issue #7."
  35. ^ Levitz 2010, p. 131.
  36. ^ a b Ro 2004, p. 33.
  37. ^ a b Evanier 2008, p. 67.
  38. ^ Ro 2004, p. 35.
  39. ^ Ro 2004, p. 45.
  40. ^ a b Simon 1990, pp. 123–125.
  41. ^ Evanier 2008, p. 72.
  42. ^ a b c d Ro 2004, p. 46.
  43. ^ a b Howell, Richard (1988). “Introduction”. Real Love: The Best of the Simon and Kirby Love Comics, 1940s-1950s. Forestville, California: Eclipse Books. ISBN 978-0913035634 
  44. ^ Simon 1990, p. 125.
  45. ^ Ro 2004, p. 52.
  46. ^ a b Ro 2004, p. 54.
  47. ^ a b Beerbohm, Robert Lee (1999-08). “The Mainline Story”. The Jack Kirby Collector (Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing) (25). http://www.twomorrows.com/kirby/articles/25mainline.html 2008年3月26日閲覧。. 
  48. ^ Theakston, Greg (1997). The Complete Jack Kirby. Pure Imagination Publishing, Inc.. p. 29. ISBN 1-56685-006-1 
  49. ^ Simon 1990, p. 151.
  50. ^ Mainline at the Grand Comics Database.
  51. ^ Ro 2004, p. 55.
  52. ^ Van Lente and Dunlavey 2017, pp. 88–92.
  53. ^ a b Evanier 2017, No. 812-827/2378.
  54. ^ Ro 2004, p. 56.
  55. ^ “'I Created an Army of Characters, and Now My Connection with Them Is Lost”. Evanston, Illinois: interview, The Great Electric Bird radio show, WNUR-FM, Northwestern University. (1971年5月14日)  Transcribed in The Nostalgia Journal (27) August 1976. Reprinted in George 2002, p. 16.
  56. ^ Evanier 2017, No. 893/2378.
  57. ^ Kirby's 1956-57 Atlas work appeared in nine issues, plus three more published later after being held in inventory, per "Another Pre-Implosion Atlas Kirby". Jack Kirby Museum. 3 November 2007. 2012年7月9日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。 {{cite web}}: Cite webテンプレートでは|access-date=引数が必須です。 (説明) In roughly chronological order: Battleground #14 (Nov. 1956; 5 pp.), Astonishing #56 (Dec. 1956; 4 pp.), Strange Tales of the Unusual #7 (Dec. 1956; 4 pp.), Quick-Trigger Western #16 (Feb. 1957; 5 pp.), Yellow Claw #2-4 (Dec. 1956 - April 1957; 19 pp. each), Black Rider Rides Again #1, a.k.a. Black Rider vol. 2, #1 (Sept. 1957; 19 pp.), and Two Gun Western #12 (Sept. 1957; 5 pp.), plus the inventoried Gunsmoke Western #47 (July 1958; 4 pp.) and #51 (March 1959; 5 pp. plus cover) and Kid Colt Outlaw #86 (Sept. 1959; 5 pp.)
  58. ^ Wallace and Dolan, ed. 2010, p. 84. Irvine, Alex "1950s": "Kirby's first solo project was a test run of a non-super hero adventure team called Challengers of the Unknown. Appearing for the first time in Showcase #6, the team would make a few more Showcase appearances before springing into their own title in May 1958."
  59. ^ Evanier, Mark (2001). “Introduction”. The Green Arrow. New York, New York: DC Comics. "All were inked by Jack with the aid of his dear spouse, Rosalind. She would trace his pencil work with a static pen line; he would then take a brush, put in all the shadows and bold areas and, where necessary, heavy-up the lines she'd laid down. (Jack hated inking and only did it because he needed the money. After departing DC this time, he almost never inked his own work again.)" 
  60. ^ Ro 2004, p. 61.
  61. ^ Evanier 2008, pp. 103–106"The artwork was exquisite, in no small part because Dave Wood had the idea to hire Wally Wood (no relation) to handle the inking."
  62. ^ Evanier 2008, p. 109.
  63. ^ Evanier 2017, No. 907/2378.
  64. ^ Ro 2004, p. 91.
  65. ^ Van Lente and Dunlavey 2017, pp. 46–49, 100.
  66. ^ Ro 2004, p. 282.
  67. ^ Christiansen, Jeff (10 March 2011). "Groot". Appendix to the Handbook of the Marvel Universe. 2013年11月13日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。 {{cite web}}: Cite webテンプレートでは|access-date=引数が必須です。 (説明)
  68. ^ Christiansen, Jeff (17 January 2007). "Grottu". Appendix to the Handbook of the Marvel Universe. 2013年11月13日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。 {{cite web}}: Cite webテンプレートでは|access-date=引数が必須です。 (説明)
  69. ^ Markstein, Don (2009). "The Fly". Don Markstein's Toonopedia. 2014年8月14日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。 {{cite web}}: Cite webテンプレートでは|access-date=引数が必須です。 (説明)
  70. ^ Markstein, Don (2007). "The Shield". Don Markstein's Toonopedia. 2014年8月14日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。 {{cite web}}: Cite webテンプレートでは|access-date=引数が必須です。 (説明)
  71. ^ Sanderson and Gilbert, ed. 2017, p. 84. DeFalco, Tom, "1960s": "It did not take long for editor Stan Lee to realize that The Fantastic Four was a hit ... the flurry of fan letters all pointed to the FF's explosive popularity."
  72. ^ Krensky, Stephen (2007). Comic Book Century: The History of American Comic Books. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Twenty-First Century Books. p. 59. ISBN 978-0-8225-6654-0. https://books.google.com/books?id=n23M0Bn0JmwC&pg=PA58&dq=%22fantastic+four%22. "Readers ... liked seeing Reed and Sue bicker, Johnny annoying everyone, and Ben being grumpy. ... Kirby's vivid illustrations created a whole new style for Marvel. Together, Lee's natural dialog and flawed characters appealed to 1960s kids looking to 'get real, while Kirby's imaginative art matched the colorful, loose style of the time." 
  73. ^ Mercier, Sebastian T. (2008). “'Truth, Justice and the American Way: The Intersection of American Youth Culture and Superhero Narratives”. Iowa Historical Review (University of Iowa) 1 (2): 37–38. https://ir.uiowa.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1010&context=iowa-historical-review. 
  74. ^ Gil Kane, speaking at a forum on July 6, 1985, at the Dallas Fantasy Fair. As quoted in George 2002, p. 109.
  75. ^ Sanderson and Gilbert, ed. 2017, p. 85. DeFalco, "1960s": "Based on their collaboration on The Fantastic Four, [Stan] Lee worked with Jack Kirby. Instead of a team that fought traditional Marvel monsters however, Lee decided that this time he wanted to feature a monster as the hero."
  76. ^ Sanderson and Gilbert, ed. 2017, p. 88. DeFalco, "1960s": "[Stan Lee] had always been fascinated by the legends of the Norse gods and realized that he could use those tales as the basis for his new series centered on the mighty Thor ... The heroic and glamorous style that ... Jack Kirby [had] was perfect for Thor."
  77. ^ Sanderson and Gilbert, ed. 2017, p. 94. DeFalco, "1960s": "The X-Men #1 introduced the world to Professor Charles Xavier and his teenage students Cyclops, Beast, Angel, Iceman, and Marvel Girl. Magneto, the master of magnetism and future leader of the evil mutants, also appeared."
  78. ^ Cronin (2010年9月18日). “A Year of Cool Comics – Day 261”. Comic Book Resources. 2010年11月23日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2010年9月29日閲覧。
  79. ^ Sanderson and Gilbert, ed. 2017, p. 111. DeFalco, "1960s": "The Inhumans, a lost race that diverged from humankind 25,000 years ago and became genetically enhanced."
  80. ^ Cronin (2010年9月19日). “A Year of Cool Comics – Day 262”. Comic Book Resources. 2011年7月8日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2010年9月29日閲覧。
  81. ^ Parker, Ryan (2018年2月15日). “'Black Panther' Co-Creator Jack Kirby Would've Adored Film Phenomenon, Family Says”. The Hollywood Reporter. https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/black-panther-jack-kirby-wouldve-adored-film-says-family-1084730 2018年6月10日閲覧。 
  82. ^ Sanderson and Gilbert, ed. 2017, p. 117. DeFalco, "1960s": Stan Lee wanted to do his part by creating the first black super hero. Lee discussed his ideas with Jack Kirby and the result was seen in Fantastic Four #52.
  83. ^ Theakston, Greg (2002). The Steve Ditko Reader. Brooklyn, New York: Pure Imagination. ISBN 1-56685-011-8 
  84. ^ Manning, Matthew K.; Gilbert, Laura, ed. (2012). “1960s”. Spider-Man Chronicle Celebrating 50 Years of Web-Slinging. London, United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. p. 15. ISBN 978-0756692360. "Kirby had the honor of being the first ever penciler to take a swing at drawing Spider-Man. Though his illustrations for the pages of Amazing Fantasy #15 were eventually redrawn by Steve Ditko after Stan Lee decided that Kirby's Spidey wasn't quite youthful enough, the King nevertheless contributed the issue's historic cover." 
  85. ^ Sanderson and Gilbert, ed. 2017, p. 94. DeFalco, "1960s": "Filled with some wonderful visual action, The Avengers #1 has a very simple story: the Norse god Loki tricked the Hulk into going on a rampage ... The heroes eventually learned about Loki's involvement and united with the Hulk to form the Avengers."
  86. ^ Virtue, Graeme (2017年8月28日). “Captain America, X-Men, Iron Man, the Avengers ... Jack Kirby, king of comics”. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/aug/28/captain-america-x-men-iron-man-the-avengers-jack-kirby-king-of-comics 2018年6月10日閲覧。 
  87. ^ Sanderson and Gilbert, ed. 2017, p. 86. DeFalco, "1960s": "Stan Lee and Jack Kirby reintroduced one of Marvel's most popular Golden Age heroes – Namor, the Sub-Mariner."
  88. ^ Sanderson and Gilbert, ed. 2017, p. 99. DeFalco, "1960s": "'Captain America lives again!' announced the cover of The Avengers #4 ... Cap was back."
  89. ^ Evanier 2017, No.198/2378.
  90. ^ Morrow, ed., p. 211. "The Galactus Trilogy: An Appreciation"
  91. ^ Thomas, Roy; Sanderson, Peter (2007). The Marvel Vault: A Museum-in-a-Book with Rare Collectibles from the World of Marvel. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Running Press. p. 93. ISBN 978-0762428441. "Then came the issues of all issues, the instant legend, the trilogy of Fantastic Four (#48-50) that excited readers immediately christened 'the Galactus Trilogy', a designation still widely recognized four decades later." 
  92. ^ Cronin (2010年2月19日). “A Year of Cool Comics – Day 50”. Comic Book Resources. 2010年5月4日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2010年9月18日閲覧。
  93. ^ Sanderson and Gilbert, ed. 2017, p. 115. DeFalco, "1960s": "Stan Lee may have started the creative discussion that culminated in Galactus, but the inclusion of the Silver Surfer in Fantastic Four #48 was pure Jack Kirby. Kirby realized that a being like Galactus required an equally impressive herald."
  94. ^ Greenberger, Robert, ed (2001-12). 100 Greatest Marvels of All Time. Marvel Comics. p. 26 
  95. ^ Daniels, Les (1991). Marvel: Five Fabulous Decades of the World's Greatest Comics. New York, New York: Harry N. Abrams. p. 128. ISBN 9780810938212 
  96. ^ a b Foley, Shane (November 2001). “Kracklin' Kirby: Tracing the advent of Kirby Krackle”. Jack Kirby Collector (33). オリジナルのNovember 14, 2010時点におけるアーカイブ。. http://www.twomorrows.com/kirby/articles/33krackle.html 2015年4月30日閲覧。. 
  97. ^ Sergi 2015, pp. 57–59.
  98. ^ Simon 1990, p. 205.
  99. ^ Evanier 2008, pp. 126–163.
  100. ^ a b c d e f Abraham Riesman (2019年5月20日). “It’s Stan Lee’s Universe”. Vulture. 2019年5月20日閲覧。
  101. ^ Spencer Ackerman (2018年11月12日). “Marvel Icon Stan Lee Leaves a Legacy as Complex as His Superheroes”. Daily Beast. 2019年5月20日閲覧。
  102. ^ Evanier 2017, No.1356/2378.
  103. ^ Sanderson and Gilbert, ed. 2017, p. 146. Sanderson, "1970s": "As Marvel was expanding its line of comics, the company decided to introduce two new 'split' books ... Amazing Adventures and Astonishing Tales. Amazing Adventures contained a series about the genetically enhanced Inhumans and a series about intelligence agent the Black Widow."
  104. ^ Evanier 2017, No. 1405/2378.
  105. ^ Evanier 2008, p. 163.
  106. ^ Braun, Saul (1971年5月2日). “Shazam! Here Comes Captain Relevant”. The New York Times Magazine. https://www.nytimes.com/1971/05/02/archives/shazam-here-comes-captain-relevant-here-comes-captain-relevant.html?scp=27 2012年1月18日閲覧。 
  107. ^ a b Van Lente and Dunlavey 2017, p. 115.
  108. ^ “'I've Never Done Anything Halfheartedly'”. The Comics Journal (Fantagraphics Books) (134). (1990-02). http://www.tcj.com/jack-kirby-interview/7/ 2019年5月12日閲覧。. 
  109. ^ Batchelor, Bob. Stan Lee : The Man Behind Marvel. Lanham, Maryland. p. 73. ISBN 978-1-4422-7781-6 
  110. ^ a b Hatfield, C. (1994-04). “Jack Kirby and the Pantheon Concept: The Beginnings of Modern Superhero Myth”. The Comics Journal (167). ISSN 0194-7869. 
  111. ^ Evanier 2017, No. 1043/2378.
  112. ^ Stan Lee: “Some artists, such as Jack Kirby, need no plot at all ... I’ll just say to Jack, ‘Let’s let the next villain be Dr. Doom.’ Or I may not even say that. He may tell me. And then he goes home and does it.”[100]
  113. ^ Quote: "According to Lee, ... he came up with the concepts for all the characters, mapped out plots, gave the plots to his artists ... The artists, in Lee’s retelling, were ... secondary to his own vision."[100]
  114. ^ The History of 'Stan Lee Presents' at Marvel Comics”. CBR (2018年11月21日). 2019年5月21日閲覧。
  115. ^ Sergi 2015, pp. 167–178.
  116. ^ Sergi 2015, pp. 164.
  117. ^ Rosie Knight (2018年11月15日). “Stan Lee's Legacy of Controversy, Lawsuits and Sexual Harassment Allegations Explained”. Esquire. 2019年5月21日閲覧。
  118. ^ a b Staples, Brent (26 August 2007). "Jack Kirby, a Comic Book Genius, Is Finally Remembered". The New York Times. 2014年8月17日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ {{cite web}}: Cite webテンプレートでは|access-date=引数が必須です。 (説明)
  119. ^ Quote: "... a growing scholarly consensus has concluded that Lee didn’t do everything he said he did. ... Lee’s role in their [Marvel characters'] creation is, in reality, profoundly ambiguous. Lee and Marvel demonstrably — and near-unforgivably — diminished the vital contributions of the collaborators ... "[100]
  120. ^ Jeet Heer (2017年8月29日). “Jack Kirby, the Unknown King”. The New Republic. 2019年5月7日閲覧。
  121. ^ Ro 2004, p. 139.
  122. ^ Ro 2004, p. 143.
  123. ^ Wallace and Dolan, ed. 2010, p. 145. McAvennie, Michael "1970s": "As the writer, artist, and editor of the Fourth World family of interlocking titles, each of which possessed its own distinct tone and theme, Jack Kirby cemented his legacy as a pioneer of grand-scale storytelling."
  124. ^ Evanier, Mark. "Afterword." Jack Kirby's Fourth World Omnibus; Volume 1, New York: DC Comics, 2007.
  125. ^ Wallace and Dolan, ed. 2010, p. 141. McAvennie "1970s": "Since no ongoing creative team had been slated to Superman's Pal, Jimmy Olsen, "King of Comics" Jack Kirby made the title his DC launch point, and the writer/artist's indelible energy and ideas permeated every panel and word balloon of the comic."
  126. ^ Raphael, Jordan; Spurgeon, Tom (2004). Stan Lee and the Rise and Fall of the American Comic Book. Chicago Review Press. p. 218. ISBN 9781613742921 
  127. ^ Evanier 2008, pp. 172–177.
  128. ^ Daniels, Les (1995). “The Fourth World: New Gods on Newsprint”. DC Comics: Sixty Years of the World's Favorite Comic Book Heroes. New York, New York: Bulfinch Press. p. 165. ISBN 0821220764 
  129. ^ Morrison, Grant (2007). “Introduction”. Jack Kirby's Fourth World Omnibus Volume One. New York, New York: DC Comics. pp. 7–8. ISBN 978-1401213442 
  130. ^ Wallace and Dolan, ed. 2010, p. 147. McAvennie "1970s": "Believing that new formats were necessary for the comics medium to continue evolving, Kirby oversaw the production of what was labeled his 'Speak-Out Series' of magazines: Spirit World and In the Days of the Mob ... Sadly, these unique magazines never found their desired audience."
  131. ^ Wallace and Dolan, ed. 2010, p. 161. McAvennie "1970s": "In OMAC's first issue, editor/writer/artist Jack Kirby warned readers of "The World That's Coming!", a future world containing wild concepts that are almost frighteningly real today."
  132. ^ Wallace and Dolan, ed. 2010, p. 153. McAvennie "1970s": "Kirby had already introduced a similar concept and characters in Alarming Tales #1 (1957) ... Coupling the premise with his unpublished "Kamandi of the Caves" newspaper strip, Kirby's Last Boy on Earth roamed a world that had been ravaged by the "Great Disaster" and taken over by talking animals."
  133. ^ Wallace and Dolan, ed. 2010, p. 152. McAvennie "1970s":"While his "Fourth World" opus was winding down, Jack Kirby was busy conjuring his next creation, which emerged not from the furthest reaches of the galaxy but from the deepest pits of Hell. Etrigan was hardly the usual Kirby protagonist."
  134. ^ Kelly, Rob (2009-08). “Kobra”. Back Issue! (Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing) (35): 63. 
  135. ^ Wallace and Dolan, ed. 2010, p. 161. McAvennie "1970s": "Jack Kirby also took on a group of established DC characters that had nothing to lose. The result was a year-long run of Our Fighting Forces tales that were action-packed, personal, and among the most beloved of World War II comics ever produced."
  136. ^ Wallace and Dolan, ed. 2010, p. 158. McAvennie "1970s": "The legendary tandem of writer Joe Simon and artist/editor Jack Kirby reunited for a one-shot starring the Sandman ... Despite the issue's popularity, it would be Simon and Kirby's last collaboration."
  137. ^ Wallace and Dolan, ed. 2010, p. 162. McAvennie "1970s": "Debuting with Atlas the Great, writer and artist Jack Kirby didn't shrug at the chance to put his spin on the well-known hero."
  138. ^ Wallace and Dolan, ed. 2010, p. 164. McAvennie "1970s": "Though 1st Issue Special was primarily DC's forum to introduce new characters and storylines, editor Jack Kirby used the series as an opportunity to revamp the Manhunter, whom he and writer Joe Simon had made famous in the 1940s."
  139. ^ Abramowitz, Jack (2014-04). “1st Issue Special It Was No Showcase (But It Was Never Meant To Be)”. Back Issue! (Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing) (71): 40–47. 
  140. ^ a b c Kraft, David Anthony; Slifer, Roger (1983年4月). “Mark Evanier”. Comics Interview (Fictioneer Books) (2): pp. 23–34 
  141. ^ Evanier 2017, No. 1599/2378.
  142. ^ Evanier (2003年8月22日). “Jack Kirby's Superman”. POV Online. 2012年4月22日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2012年4月22日閲覧。 “Plastino drew new Superman figures and Olsen heads in roughly the same poses and positions, and these were pasted into the artwork.”
  143. ^ Ro 2004, chapters 12-13.
  144. ^ Bullpen Bulletins: "The King is Back! 'Nuff Said!", in Marvel Comics cover-dated October 1975, including Fantastic Four #163
  145. ^ Sanderson and Gilbert, ed. 2017, p. 175. Sanderson, "1970s": "After an absence of half a decade, Jack Kirby returned to Marvel Comics as writer, penciller, and editor of the series he and Joe Simon created back in 1941."
  146. ^ Powers, Tom (2012-12). “Kirby Celebrating America's 200th Birthday: Captain America's Bicentennial Battles”. Back Issue! (Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing) (61): 46–49. 
  147. ^ Sanderson and Gilbert, ed. 2017, p. 175. Sanderson, "1970s": "Jack Kirby's most important creation for Marvel during his return in the 1970s was his epic series The Eternals"
  148. ^ Sanderson and Gilbert, ed. 2017, p. 180. Sanderson, "1970s": "Marvel published its adaptation of director Stanley Kubrick and writer Arthur C. Clarke's classic science fiction film 2001: A Space Odyssey as an oversize Marvel Treasury Special.
  149. ^ Hatfield, Charles (1996-07). “Once Upon A Time: Kirby's Prisoner”. The Jack Kirby Collector (11). http://www.twomorrows.com/kirby/articles/11prisoner.html. 
  150. ^ Sanderson and Gilbert, ed. 2017, p. 185. Sanderson, "1970s": "In [2001: A Space Odyssey] issue #8, cover dated July 1977, [Jack] Kirby introduced a robot whom he originally dubbed 'Mister Machine.' Marvel's 2001 series eventually came to an end but Kirby's robot protagonist went on to star in his own comic book series as Machine Man."
  151. ^ Sanderson and Gilbert, ed. 2017, p. 185. Sanderson, "1970s": "Jack Kirby's final major creation for Marvel Comics was perhaps his most unusual hero: an intelligent dinosaur resembling a Tyrannosaurus rex."
  152. ^ Sanderson and Gilbert, ed. 2017, p. 187. Sanderson, "1970s": "[In 1978], Simon & Schuster's Fireside Books published a paperback book titled The Silver Surfer by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby ... This book was later recognized as Marvel's first true graphic novel."
  153. ^ "Ploog & Kirby Quit Marvel over Contract Dispute", The Comics Journal #44, January 1979, p. 11.
  154. ^ Evanier 2008, p. 189. "In 1978, an idea found him. It was an offer from the Hanna-Barbera cartoon studio in Hollywood."
  155. ^ Fischer, Stuart (2014-08). “The Fantastic Four and Other Things: A Television History”. Back Issue! (Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing) (74): 30. 
  156. ^ "Jack Kirby". Lambiek Comiclopedia. 6 March 2009. 2014年4月5日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。 {{cite web}}: Cite webテンプレートでは|access-date=引数が必須です。 (説明)
  157. ^ Bearman, Joshuah (2007-04-24). How the CIA Used a Fake Sci-Fi Flick to Rescue Americans from Tehran. https://www.wired.com/wired/archive/15.05/feat_cia.html. 
  158. ^ Catron, Michael (1981-06). “Kirby's Newest: Captain Victory”. Amazing Heroes (Fantagraphics Books) (2): 14. 
  159. ^ Morrow, ed. 2004, p. 105.
  160. ^ Larsen, Erik (18 February 2007). "One Fan's Opinion". (column #73), Comic Book Resources. 2010年11月14日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。 {{cite web}}: Cite webテンプレートでは|access-date=引数が必須です。 (説明)
  161. ^ Kean, Benjamin Ong Pang (29 July 2007). "SDCC '07: Erik Larsen, Eric Stephenson on Image's Kirby Plans". Newsarama. 2009年3月29日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。 {{cite web}}: Cite webテンプレートでは|access-date=引数が必須です。 (説明)
  162. ^ Kean, Benjamin Ong Pang (2 May 2007). "The Current Image: Erik Larsen on Jack Kirby's Silver Star". Newsarama. 2009年3月29日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。 {{cite web}}: Cite webテンプレートでは|access-date=引数が必須です。 (説明)
  163. ^ George 2002, p. 73.
  164. ^ Markstein, Don (2006). "Destroyer Duck". Don Markstein's Toonopedia. 2012年2月7日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。[T]he centerpiece of the issue was Gerber's own Destroyer Duck ... himself. The artist who worked with Gerber was the legendary Jack Kirby, who, as co-creator of The Fantastic Four, The Avengers, X-Men and many other cornerstones of Marvel's success, had issues of his own with the company. {{cite web}}: Cite webテンプレートでは|access-date=引数が必須です。 (説明)
  165. ^ Morrow, ed. 2004, p. 129.
  166. ^ Wallace and Dolan, ed. 2010, p. 208. Manning, Matthew K. "1980s": "In association with the toy company Kenner, DC released a line of toys called Super Powers ... DC soon debuted a five-issue Super Powers miniseries plotted by comic book legend Jack 'King' Kirby, scripted by Joey Cavalieri, and with pencils by Adrian Gonzales."
  167. ^ Cronin, Brian (17 January 2014). "Comic Book Legends Revealed #454". Comic Book Resources. 2014年4月9日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。 {{cite web}}: Cite webテンプレートでは|access-date=引数が必須です。 (説明)
  168. ^ a b c Van Lente and Dunlavey 2017, pp. 157–160.
  169. ^ Dean, Michael (2002-12-29). Kirby and Goliath: The Fight for Jack Kirby's Marvel Artwork. http://www.tcj.com/kirby-and-goliath-the-fight-for-jack-kirbys-marvel-artwork/ 2013年10月31日閲覧。. 
  170. ^ a b Gold, Glen (1998-04). The Stolen Art. http://twomorrows.com/kirby/articles/19stolen.html 2012年1月12日閲覧。. 
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  172. ^ Evanier 2008, p. 207.
  173. ^ Morrow, ed. 2006, pp. 149–153. Jon B., Cooke, "Twilight at Topps"
  174. ^ Morrow, ed. 2004c, p. 171.
  175. ^ Jack Kirby checklist. (Gold ed.). Raleigh, N.C.: TwoMorrows Pub.. (2008). pp. 57–8. ISBN 1605490059 
  176. ^ Evanier 2017, No.390/2378.
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  183. ^ Ro 2004, chapter 3.
  184. ^ World War II V-mail letter from Kirby to Rosalind, in George 2002, p. 117.
  185. ^ Ro 2004, p. 40.
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  190. ^ Evanier 2008, pp. 157, 160(unnumbered): "... drove Jack to distraction, and from there to Southern California. In early 1969, the Kirbys moved west. The main reason was daughter Lisa's asthma and her need to live in a drier climate [than in New York State]. But Jack had another reason. ... Kirby had hopes that being close to Hollywood might bring hm entry to the movie business. ... Film seemed like the next logical outlet for his creativity. ...
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  199. ^ a b c Hatfield and Saunders 2015, p. 11.
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  203. ^ Hatfield 2012, pp. 6–7.
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  219. ^ “Generally Speaking”. The Comics Journal (107): 37. (1986-04). ISSN 0194-7869. 
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  221. ^ [interviews] by Roy Thomas & Jim Amash ; introduction by Stan Lee (2007). John Romita --and all that jazz!. Raleigh, N.C.: TwoMorrows Pub.. p. 155. ISBN 1893905756 
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  225. ^ Duncan & Smith 2013, p. 413.
  226. ^ Adilifu Nama (2011). Super Black: American Pop Culture and Black Superheroes. University of Texas Press. p. 48. ISBN 9780292742529 
  227. ^ Duncan & Smith 2013, p. 368.
  228. ^ John Morrow and Jon B. Cooke, ed (2017). Kirby100: 100 Top Creators Celebrate Jack Kirby's Greatest Work. TwoMorrows Publishing. p. 184. ISBN 1605490784 
  229. ^ Hatfield 2012, pp. 144–71.
  230. ^ Hatfield 2012, p. 58.
  231. ^ Morrow, ed. 2004c, p. 112. "Walt Simonson Interviewed": "... it's so powerful in pencil, it's really hard to ink it and really retain the full flavour of the pencils. I think a lot of really good inkers have not been able to do that"
  232. ^ a b Morrow, ed. 2004c, p. 90. "Chic Stone Speaks": "I was totally awestruck by the magnificent penciling ... no one inker could improve on Jack's penciling"
  233. ^ Eisner 2001, p. 199.
  234. ^ Eisner 2001, p. 213.
  235. ^ Eisner 2001, p. 209.
  236. ^ a b Interview, The Nostalgia Journal #30–1, November 1976–December 1976, reprinted in George 2002, p. 10.
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  238. ^ “The Retrospective Stan Lee”. Alter Ego (TwoMorrows Publishing) (150): 13. (2017). 
  239. ^ Hatfield and Saunders 2015, pp. 36–37.
  240. ^ Hatfield and Saunders 2015, p. 28.
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  253. ^ 1963 Alley Awards”. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. 2014年7月25日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2010年8月10日閲覧。
  254. ^ 1964 Alley Awards”. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. 2014年7月25日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2010年8月10日閲覧。
  255. ^ 1965 Alley Awards”. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. 2014年7月10日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2010年8月10日閲覧。
  256. ^ 1966 Alley Awards”. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. 2014年7月25日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2010年8月10日閲覧。
  257. ^ a b 1968 Alley Awards”. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. 2014年7月25日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2010年8月10日閲覧。 “Mark Hanerfeld originally listed Nick Fury, Agent of S.H.I.E.L.D. as the winner, but then discovered he had counted separately votes for 'Fantastic Four by Jack Kirby' (42 votes), 'Fantastic Four by Stan Lee', and 'Fantastic Four by Jack Kirby & Stan Lee', which would have given Fantastic Four a total of more than 45 votes and thus the victory.”
  258. ^ 1971 Academy of Comic Book Arts Awards”. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. 2008年6月27日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2010年8月10日閲覧。
  259. ^ "Inkpot Award Winners". Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. 2012年7月9日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。 {{cite web}}: Cite webテンプレートでは|access-date=引数が必須です。 (説明)
  260. ^ 1974 Academy of Comic Book Arts Awards”. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. 2008年6月27日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2010年8月10日閲覧。
  261. ^ Will Eisner Comic Industry Award: Summary of Winners”. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. 2014年8月12日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2010年8月10日閲覧。
  262. ^ The Bob Clampett Humanitarian Award”. San Diego Comic-Con International (2014年). 2014年7月1日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2014年8月16日閲覧。
  263. ^ 1998 Harvey Award Nominees and Winners”. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. 2014年8月12日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2010年8月10日閲覧。
  264. ^ 1998 Will Eisner Comic Industry Award Nominees”. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. 2013年9月21日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2010年8月10日閲覧。
  265. ^ McMillan, Graeme (2017年7月16日). “Jack Kirby to Be Named 'Disney Legend' at D23 Expo in July”. The Hollywood Reporter. オリジナルの2017年11月16日時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20171116114602/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/jack-kirby-be-named-disney-legend-at-d23-expo-july-1014421 2017年7月16日閲覧。 
  266. ^ Olbrich (2008年12月17日). “The End of the Jack Kirby Comics Industry Awards: A Lesson in Honesty”. Funny Book Fanatic (Dave Olbrich official blog). 2013年6月24日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2015年8月22日閲覧。
  267. ^ "Eisner Awards History," San Diego Comic-Con International official website. Accessed May 3, 2013.
  268. ^ "Newswatch: Kirby Awards End In Controversy", The Comics Journal #122 (June 1988), pp. 19-20
  269. ^ 51985 Kirby (2001 SA116)”. International Astronomical Union Minor Planet Center (n.d.). 2018年2月6日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2018年2月6日閲覧。 Additional on February 6, 2018.
  270. ^ Jack Kirby's Galactic Bounty Hunters at the Unofficial Handbook of Marvel Comics Creators
  271. ^ Schedeen, Jesse (13 February 2008). "Fantastic Four: The Lost Adventure #1 Review". IGN. 2014年8月2日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。 {{cite web}}: Cite webテンプレートでは|access-date=引数が必須です。 (説明)
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  273. ^ Biggers, Cliff (2010年7月). “Kirby Genesis: A Testament to the King's Talent”. Comic Shop News (1206) 
  274. ^ "Alex Ross & Kurt Busiek Team For Dynamite's Kirby: Genesis". Dynamite Entertainment press release via Newsarama. 12 July 2010. 2011年6月29日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。 {{cite web}}: Cite webテンプレートでは|access-date=引数が必須です。 (説明)
  275. ^ “DC Unveils its 'Kirby One-Shot' Creators”. ICv2. (2017年5月23日). オリジナルの2018年6月9日時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://archive.today/20180609215849/https://icv2.com/articles/news/view/37584/dc-unveils-its-kirby-one-shot-creators 2018年6月9日閲覧。 
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  277. ^ Fritz, Ben (2009年9月21日). “Heirs File Claims to Marvel Heroes”. Los Angeles Times. オリジナルの2010年1月24日時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://webcitation.org/5n22El19F?url=http://articles.latimes.com/2009/sep/21/business/fi-ct-marvel21 
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