母乳
出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 (2024/07/02 07:06 UTC 版)
その他の利用
幼児に必要な栄養を与える他に、母乳には、特に医薬品としての利用等、様々な用途がある。母乳は、数千年前から医薬用に使われてきた[59][60]。母乳は強い抗体や抗毒素を含み、治療や健康にとって有益であると信じられてきた。しかし、母乳には殺菌作用はなく、母親がHIVやCMV等の感染症にかかっていた場合、母乳を通じて感染する場合もある[61][62]。
母乳は、結膜炎、虫刺され、感染創、接触皮膚炎、火傷、擦過傷など軽症に民間治療薬として用いられ、ウイルス性胃腸炎、インフルエンザ、風邪、肺炎などの罹患者が免疫を向上するためにも用いるが、万能薬ではない。母乳はがん細胞のアポトーシスを引き起こすとする専門家もいるが、癌治療における利用には、さらなる研究と証拠が必要である[63]。
ニューヨークでレストランを経営するスイスの料理人Hans LochenやオーストリアのDaniel Angererらは、母乳を牛乳の代用として用いる乳製品やレシピを提案している[64]。"Attachment parenting"が専門の家族カウンセラーTammy Frissell-Deppeは、A Breastfeeding Mother's Secret Recipesという著書を出版し、母乳を含む食品や飲み物のレシピをまとめている[65]。動物の権利を主張する動物愛護団体の PETA は、乳製品の牛乳の代わりに母乳を使うことを求め、アイスクリーム会社に手紙を送った[66]。世界中のほとんどの文化では、大人が母乳を摂取することは異常なことと考えられているため、母乳が工業的に生産されることや商業的に流通することはない[67]。
母乳から石鹸を作る試みも行われ、利用者からは、洗浄作用が伝統的な石鹸に匹敵するかそれ以上だったという声が聞かれた[68]。
- ^ 大辞泉[要文献特定詳細情報]
- ^ 広辞苑[要文献特定詳細情報]
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- ^ Breastfeeding Associated With Increased Intelligence, Study Suggests
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- ^ Precht, D and J.Molkentin C18:1, C18:2, and C8:3 trans and cis fatty acid isomers including conjugated cis delta 9, trans delta 11 linoleic acid (CLA) as well as total fat composition of German human milk lipids, Nahrung 1999 43(4) 233-244
- ^ Friesen, R, and S.M. Innis, Trans Fatty acids in Human milk in Canada declined with the introduction of trans fat food labeling, J. Nut 2006, 136 2558-2561
- ^ Svanborg, C; Agerstam H, Aronson A, Bjerkvig R, Düringer C, Fischer W, Gustafsson L, Hallgren O, Leijonhuvud I, Linse S, Mossberg AK, Nilsson H, Pettersson J, Svensson M. (2003). “HAMLET kills tumor cells by an apoptosis-like mechanism--cellular, molecular, and therapeutic aspects.”. Advances in Cancer Research 88: 1–29. doi:10.1016/S0065-230X(03)88302-1. PMID 12665051.
- ^ Jenness R (July 1979). “The composition of human milk”. Seminars in Perinatology 3 (3): 225–239. PMID 392766.
- ^ Thorell L; Sjöberg LB, Hernell O (December 1996). “Nucleotides in human milk: sources and metabolism by the newborn infant”. Pediatric Research 40 (6): 845–852. doi:10.1203/00006450-199612000-00012. PMID 8947961.
- ^ Sanchez CL et al. (2009). “The possible role of human milk nucleotides as sleep inducers.”. Nutr Neurosci 12 (1): 2–8. doi:10.1179/147683009X388922. PMID 19178785.
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- ^ The wonder of breasts |Life and style |The Guardian
- ^ Rajilić-Stojanović, Mirjana; de Vos, Willem M. (2014). “The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota” (英語). FEMS Microbiology Reviews 38 (5): 996–1047. doi:10.1111/1574-6976.12075. ISSN 1574-6976. PMC 4262072. PMID 24861948.
- ^ アランナ・コリン著、矢野真千子訳『あなたの体は9割が細菌』 p242ほか、2016年8月30日、河出書房新社、ISBN 978-4-309-25352-7
- ^ Rodekamp E, Harder T, Kohlhoff R, Dudenhausen JW, Plagemann A (2006). “Impact of breast-feeding on psychomotor and neuropsychological development in children of diabetic mothers: role of the late neonatal period”. Journal of Perinatal Medicine 34 (6): 490–6. doi:10.1515/JPM.2006.095. PMID 17140300.
- ^ a b “Effect of flash-heat treatment on antimicrobial activity of breastmilk”. Breastfeed Med 6 (3): 111–6. (June 2011). doi:10.1089/bfm.2010.0078. PMC 3143386. PMID 21091243.
- ^ “Lymphocytes bearing the T cell receptor gamma delta in human breast milk”. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (1990年11月1日). 2012年12月1日閲覧。
- ^ The Newborn Immune System and Immunological Benefits of Breastmilk
- ^ “Iron-saturated lactoferrin and pathogenic protozoa: could this protein be an iron source for their parasitic style of life?”. Future Microbiol 7 (1): 149–64. (January 2012). doi:10.2217/fmb.11.140. PMID 22191452.
- ^ Breastfeeding Answers Made Simple - Breastfeeding Reporter - Do Breastfeeding Babies Need Extra Iron at 4 Months?
- ^ First AAP recommendations on iron supplementation include directive on universal screening
- ^ “授乳と薬について知りたい方へ”. www.ncchd.go.jp. 2023年12月16日閲覧。
- ^ “Breastfeeding | Health benefits for mother and baby”. womenshealth.gov (2010年8月1日). 2011年10月26日閲覧。
- ^ Fallon, Sally. Nourishing Traditions, The Cookbook that Challenges Politically Correct Nutrition and the Diet Dictocrats
- ^ a b c "Milk, human, mature, fluid"（英語）（米国農務省食品成分データベース）
- ^ milk-collection/397/pump-and-save-bags---20-pack Medela.
- ^ Protocol #8: Human milk storage information for home use for healthy full-term infants. Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine Protocol.
- ^ Department of Health, 1994. Weaning and the weaning diet. Report of the Working Group on the Weaning Diet of the Committee on Medical Aspects of Food Policy. London: HMSO. Report on Health and Social Subjects No 45.
- ^ a b Vegetarian & Vegan Foundation
- ^ Vegetarian & Vegan Foundation
- ^ FSA, 2002. McCance and Widdowson’s The Composition of Foods, 6th summary edition. Cambridge, England, Royal Society of Chemistry.
- ^ MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Cow's milk for infants and children
- ^ Martinez, G.A., Ryan, A.S. and Malec, D.J. 1985. Nutrient intakes of American infants and children fed cow's milk or infant formula. American Journal of Diseases in Children. 139 (10) 1010-8.
- ^ "Some patients with lactose intolerance may believe they are allergic to milk or milk products. A milk allergy, however, is related to the proteins in milk rather than the lactose." Lactose Intolerance, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
- ^ Newsvine.com. The Milk Of Human Kindness: Uses For Human Breast Milk http://daniel-slack.newsvine.com/_news/2009/04/26/2733785-the-milk-of-human-kindness-uses-for-human-breast-milk
- ^ Bella Online: Medicinal Uses of Breast milk http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art41924.asp
- ^ New England Journal of Medicine Breast Milk & Risk of CMV 1980 http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/citation/302/19/1073
- ^ “HIV-specific antibodies capable of ADCC are common in breastmilk and are associated with reduced risk of transmission in women with high viral loads”. PLoS Pathog. 8 (6): e1002739. (2012). doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002739. PMC 3375288. PMID 22719248.
- ^ Hallgren O, Aits S, Brest P, Gustafsson L, Mossberg AK, Wullt B, Svanborg C (2008). “Apoptosis and tumor cell death in response to HAMLET (human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells”. Adv Exp Med Biol. 606: 217–40. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-74087-4_8. PMID 18183931.
- ^ New York Daily News: Restaurant Drops Plan to Cook with Breast Milk http://www.nydailynews.com/money/2008/09/18/2008-09-18_restaurant_drops_plan_to_cook_with_breas.html
- ^ Tammy Frissell-Deppe. A Breastfeeding Mother's Secret Recipes: Breast milk Recipes, Fun Food for Kids and Quick Dishes!. Dracut, MA: JED Publishing, 2002
- ^ PETA Urges Ben & Jerry's To Use Human Milk - Food News StoryPOSTED: 2:21 pm EDT September 23, 2008, UPDATED: 10:28 pm EDT September 23, 2008 - WNBC
- ^ Jelliffe, Derrick B., and E. F. Patrice Jelliffe. Human Milk in the Modern World. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1978.
- ^ The Traditional Midwife Mother's Milk Soap
- ^ “昭和大病院に「母乳バンク」 低体重児の合併症予防に期待”. (2013年11月13日) 2014年2月4日閲覧。
- ^ NHK. “小さな命守る「母乳バンク」”. 2015年7月3日閲覧。
- ^ 日本マクドナルド株式会社広報部『日本マクドナルド20年のあゆみ』日本マクドナルド、1991年、81頁。OCLC 47486957。
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