チロシン-3-ヒドロキシラーゼとは - わかりやすく解説 Weblio辞書

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チロシンヒドロキシラーゼ

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 (2011/04/04 20:18 UTC 版)

チロシンヒドロキシラーゼ
基本データ
略号	TH
Entrez	7054
HUGO	11782
OMIM	191290
RefSeq	NP_000351
UniProt	P07101
他のデータ
EC番号	1.14.16.2
遺伝子座	Chr. 11 2.14-2.15

チロシンヒドロキシラーゼ（Tyrosine hydroxylase、EC 1.14.16.2）、チロシン 3-モノオキシゲナーゼ（tyrosine 3-monooxygenase）は、チロシンをジヒドロキシフェニルアラニン（DOPA）に変換する酵素である。DOPAはノルアドレナリンとアドレナリンの前駆体であるドーパミンの前駆体である。

この酸素添加酵素はカテコールアミンを含むすべての細胞の細胞質基質で見られる。この最初の反応はカテコールアミン合成において律速段階である。

この酵素は特殊で、インドール誘導体は受け入れない。カテコールアミンの合成に関わる他の多くの酵素も同様である。

臨床での重要性

チロシンヒドロキシラーゼはα-メチルチロシン（メチロシン）によって抑制することができるが、それはノルアドレナリン合成の調節の効果的手段にはならない。この薬品は稀にしか使われないが、褐色細胞腫と高血圧の治療には有用である。

出典

Pharmacology 5th Ed, by Rang, Dale Ritter and Moore
Hedstrand H, Ekwall O, Haavik J, et al (2000 January). “Identification of tyrosine hydroxylase as an autoantigen in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I”. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 267 (1): 456–61. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.1945. PMID 10623641.

参考文献

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