光の片道速度とは - わかりやすく解説 Weblio辞書

光の片道速度

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 (2024/03/31 04:47 UTC 版)

「光速」の語を使う時、片道速度と往復速度を区別する必要がある場合がある。ある光源から検出器までの「片道」速度は、光源と検出器それぞれの地点での時刻をどのように同期させるかについての規約（時計の同期方法に関する恣意的な決定）と独立に測定することができず、実際に実験的に測定されているのは光源から検出器までの往復速度である。アインシュタインは光の片道速度が往復速度と等しくなるような時計の同期法を選んだ（en:アインシュタインの同期法）。任意の慣性系において光の片道速度が一定であることが彼の特殊相対性理論の基礎となってはいるが、その理論の予言のうち実験的に検証可能であったものは全て、この同期法の選び方には依存していない。（つまり特殊相対性理論は証明されているが、その時計の同期法については任意性が残っている）^[1]^[2]

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