レオ・ライアンとは - わかりやすく解説 Weblio辞書

レオ・ライアン

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 (2023/03/29 00:53 UTC 版)

レオ・ジョゼフ・ライアン・ジュニア（英語：Leo Joseph Ryan, Jr.、1925年 5月5日 - 1978年 11月18日）は、アメリカの教師、政治家。民主党に所属し、1973年の初当選から1978年にジョーンズタウン事件で暗殺されるまでカリフォルニア州第11選挙区選出の連邦下院議員を務めた。それ以前はサウスサンフランシスコ市長や同州第27地区選出の州議会下院議員（英語版）を歴任した。

脚注

注釈

^ グラーグ（gulag）は、ソ連が運営していた矯正労働収容所のこと。
^ 下院議員としての職務中に限らないのであれば1868年に暗殺されたジェームズ・M・ハインズ（英語版）などの例があり^[39]^[40]、上院議員であればヒューイ・ロングやロバート・ケネディがいる。

出典

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d United States Congress. “RYAN, Leo Joseph, (1925–1978)”. United States Congress. 2007年1月24日閲覧。
^ Campion Jesuit High School. “Campion Knights”. 2007年1月24日閲覧。
^ Campion Jesuit High School. “Campion Forever”. 2007年1月24日閲覧。
^ Campion Jesuit High School. “Campion Knights Notables”. 2006年2月15日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2007年1月24日閲覧。
^ ^a ^b Vassar, Alex (2007年). “Leo J. Ryan, Democratic”. JoinCalifornia.com. 2007年1月25日閲覧。
^ Michael Newton (April 17, 2014). Famous Assassinations in World History: An Encyclopedia [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. pp. 491–492. ISBN 978-1-61069-286-1
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Simon, Mark (1998年12月10日). “A Trip Into The Heart Of Darkness: Always larger than life, Leo Ryan courted danger.”. San Francisco Chronicle: p. A17
^ Wright, Erik Olin (1973). The Politics of Punishment: A Critical Analysis of Prisons in America. Harper & Row. p. 266. ISBN 9780060903183
^ ^a ^b Haddock, Vicki (2003年11月16日). “Jackie Speier – moving on, moving up; Survivor of Jonestown ambush plans run for lieutenant governor.”. San Francisco Chronicle: p. D1
^ Schwartzman, Edward (1989). Political Campaign Craftsmanship: A Professional's Guide to Campaigning for Public Office. Transaction Publishers. p. 209. ISBN 0-88738-742-X
^ Gideonse, Hendrik D. (1992). Teacher Education Policy: narratives, stories, and cases. SUNY Press. pp. 49, 50, 65. ISBN 0-7914-1055-2
^ Wenzel, George W. (1991). Animal Rights, Human Rights: Ecology, Economy and Ideology in the Canadian Arctic. University of Toronto Press. p. 48. ISBN 0-8020-6890-1
^ Hunter, Robert (1979). Warriors of the Rainbow: A Chronicle of the Greenpeace Movement. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. pp. 439, 441. ISBN 0-03-043741-5
^ Ellis, W. Philip; Barry M. Blechman (1992). The Politics of National Security: Congress and U.S. Defense Policy. Oxford University Press. p. 146. ISBN 0-19-507705-9
^ Knott, Stephen F. (1996). Secret and Sanctioned: covert operations and the American presidency. Oxford University Press. p. 176. ISBN 0-19-510098-0
^ Olmsted, Kathryn S. (1996). Challenging the Secret Government: The Post-Watergate Investigations of the CIA and FBI. UNC Press. p. 45. ISBN 0-8078-4562-0
^ Johns Hopkins University. School of Advanced International Studies (1989). SAIS Review. Original from the University of California. p. 112
^ Rozell, Mark J. (1994). Executive Privilege: The Dilemma of Secrecy and Democratic Accountability. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 52. ISBN 0-8018-4900-4
^ Hearst, Patricia C.; Alvin Moscow (1980). Every Secret Thing. Doubleday Publishing. pp. 440, 441. ISBN 0-385-17056-4
^ ^a ^b ^c Reiterman & Jacobs 1982, pp. 299–300, 457
^ ^a ^b Hall, John R. (1987). Gone from the Promised Land: Jonestown in American Cultural History. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. ISBN 0-88738-124-3 p. 227
^ Reiterman & Jacobs 1982, p. 458
^ McConnell, Malcolm (1984). Stepping Over: personal encounters with young extremists. Reader's Digest Press. p. 67. ISBN 0-88349-166-4
^ Dawson, Lorne L. (2003). Cults and New Religious Movements: A Reader. Blackwell Publishing. pp. 186, 200, 205. ISBN 1-4051-0181-4
^ Rebecca Moore, American as Cherry Pie, 2000, Jonestown Institute, San Diego State University
^ ^a ^b ^c Chidester, David (2003). Salvation and Suicide: Jim Jones, the Peoples Temple, and Jonestown. Indiana University Press. pp. xvii, 11, 139, 151, 167, 168, 186. ISBN 0-253-21632-X
^ Quayle, Dan (1995). Standing Firm: A Vice-Presidential Memoir. HarperCollins. p. 176. ISBN 0-06-109390-4
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Zane, Maitland (1998年11月13日). “Surviving the Heart of Darkness: Twenty years later, Jackie Speier remembers how her companions and rum helped her endure the night of the Jonestown massacre.”. San Francisco Chronicle: p. 1
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g United States House of Representatives; Foreign Affairs Committee (May 15, 1979). “Congressional Foreign Affairs Committee report on Ryan's assassination”. Report of a Staff Investigative Group to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. United States Congress
^ ^a ^b Reiterman & Jacobs 1982, p. 481
^ Reiterman & Jacobs 1982, p. 482
^ Reiterman & Jacobs 1982, pp. 482–84
^ Reiterman & Jacobs 1982, p. 484
^ Milhorn, H. Thomas (2004). Crime: Computer Viruses to Twin Towers. Universal-Publishers.com. p. 392. ISBN 1-58112-489-9
^ Singer, Ph.D., Margaret Thaler; Janja Lalich (1995). Cults in Our Midst: The Hidden Menace in Our Everyday Lives. Jossey Bass. pp. 28, 237
^ Snow, Robert L. (2003). Deadly Cults: The Crimes of True Believers. Praeger/Greenwood. pp. 36, 38, 166, 168. ISBN 0-275-98052-9
^ Joint Committee On Printing; United States Government Printing (1979). Leo J. Ryan – Memorial Services – Held In The House Of Representatives & Senate Of The U.S., Together With Remarks. Washington, D.C.: United States Congress. p. 89
^ Sudol, Karen (2004年11月24日). “Keeping her brother's memory alive : Rep. Ryan's sister won't let people forget him or Jonestown”. Asbury Park Press. "Ryan is the only member of Congress to have been killed in the line of duty and was posthumously recognized in the 1980s with a congressional award presented by then-President Ronald Reagan."
^ Other members of the House of Representatives have been killed while in office, although not as assassination attempts; others have been the target of deliberate assassination attempts, albeit without success to date. See List of United States Congress members killed or wounded in office for details.
^ “The Forgotten, Non-Kool-Aid-Drinking Victims of the Jonestown Massacre”. Slate.com (2013年11月18日). 2014年10月1日閲覧。 "Thirty-five years later, Ryan remains the only U.S. representative to be killed in the line of duty."
^ ^a ^b “Statement on Signing the Bill Authorizing a Congressional Gold Medal Honoring the Late Representative Leo J. Ryan” (プレスリリース), Ronald Reagan, (1983年11月18日) 2007年1月24日閲覧。
^ Trescott, Jacqueline (1984年11月30日). “Leo Ryan honored (with Medal of Honor)”. The Washington Post: p. v107 pC4 col 5 (10 col in)
^ Herald Staff (1983年7月11日). “PEOPLE UPDATE: PAT AND ERIN RYAN”. The Miami Herald: p. 2A
^ The Washington Post, November 30, 1984 v107 pC4 col 5 (10 col in), "Leo Ryan honored. (with Medal of Honor)" Jacqueline Trescott.
^ SFGATE: Voters send Jackie Speier to Washington
^ “Ex-Cult Member Convicted In Death of Rep. Leo Ryan : '78 Shooting Led to Jonestown Mass Suicide”. The Washington Post. Associated Press: p. A5. (1986年12月2日)
^ Reiterman & Jacobs 1982, p. 520
^ Drew, Bettina (1999年2月1日). “Indiana Jones's Temple of Doom”. The Nation
^ “LAYTON CONVICTED FOR ROLE IN 1978 JONESTOWN KILLING”. Boston Globe. Associated Press. (1986年12月2日)
^ Staff (1986年12月2日). “LAYTON GUILTY IN GUYANA SHOOTINGS”. Sacramento Bee: p. A1
^ Bassiouni, M. Cherif (1998). Legal Responses to International Terrorism: U.S. procedural aspects. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp. 169, 170. ISBN 0-89838-931-3
^ ^a ^b United States of America v. Laurence John LAYTON, 666 F.Supp. 1369, No. CR-80-416 RFP. U.S. (United States District Court, N.D. California. June 3, 1987).
^ Larry Layton released
^ ^a ^b Bay City News Report (2003年11月18日). “Tribute to congressman Leo Ryan held in Foster City.”. San Francisco Chronicle 2007年1月24日閲覧。
^ Delevett, Peter (2003年11月15日). “Two children remember fathers' legacies 25 years after Jonestown.”. San Jose Mercury News
^ Govtrack.us. “H.R. 6982: To designate the facility of the United States Postal Service located at 210 South ...”. 2008年11月18日閲覧。
^ The White House. “President Bush Signs H.R. 3511, H.R. 4010, H.R. 4131, H.R. 6558, H.R. 6681, H.R. 6834, H.R. 6847, H.R. 6902, and H.R. 6982 Into Law”. 2008年11月18日閲覧。
^ Congresswoman Jackie Speier. “Leo J. Ryan Post Office Dedication”. 2008年11月18日閲覧。
^ Endicott, William (1981年1月12日). “Leo Ryan's Daughter Joins Cult : Shannon Jo Ryan Follows Religious Guru”. The Washington Post: p. C1
^ Staff. (1982年12月22日). “Leo Ryan's Daughter Weds Guru Disciple”. The Washington Post: p. D12
^ “Dad 'would understand' why she lives with cult group.”. The Chronicle-Telegram, Elyria, Ohio. Associated Press: p. A6. (1984年11月20日)
^ ^a ^b Dearen, Jason (2003年11月18日). “Erin Ryan wants father to be appreciated”. Oakland Tribune
^ Tuman, Myron C. (2002). A Guide to Deep Thinking in a Shallow Age. Xlibris Corporation. p. 82. ISBN 1-4010-5229-0 Template:Self-published source
^ René Cardona Jr. (1979). Guyana: Crime of the Century (Film). Universal Pictures.
^ William A. Graham (1980). Guyana Tragedy: The Story of Jim Jones (Film). CBS Television.
^ Stanley Nelson (20 October 2006). Jonestown: The Life and Death of Peoples Temple (Documentary). Firelight Media.
^ The History Channel (2006). Decoding the Past: Cults: Dangerous Devotion: Scholars and survivors discuss the mystery of cults (Documentary). A&E Television Networks.
^ The History Channel (2006). Jonestown Paradise Lost: Congressman Leo Ryan's fatal journey into "Jonestown," a community carved out of the jungles of Guyana by followers of pastor Jim Jones (Documentary). A&E Television Networks.
^ MSNBC (2008). Witness to Jonestown (Documentary). NBC.
^ “Seconds From Disaster: Series 6”. National Geographic Australia (2012年). 2018年2月22日閲覧。