シナプス小胞
出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 (2024/04/21 09:21 UTC 版)
シナプス小胞（シナプスしょうほう、英: synaptic vesicle, neurotransmitter vesicle）は、神経細胞のシナプスで放出されるさまざまな神経伝達物質を貯蔵している小胞である。小胞の内容物の放出は電位依存性カルシウムチャネルによって調節されている。小胞は神経細胞間での活動電位の伝播に必要不可欠であり、細胞で常に再形成されている。軸索中では、こうした小胞は軸索終末（axon terminal、terminal bouton）に保持されている。10分間、0.2 Hzの刺激を行うことで、1つの軸索終末当たり最大130個の小胞が放出される[1]。ヒトの脳の視覚野では、シナプス小胞の直径は39.5±5.1 nmである[2]。
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[続きの解説]
「シナプス小胞」の続きの解説一覧
- 1 シナプス小胞とは
- 2 シナプス小胞の概要
- 3 歴史
- 4 関連項目
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