Cell Nucleusとは何？わかりやすく解説 Weblio辞書

細胞核

【英】： Cell Nucleus

細胞の中心にある組織で球状の構造をしている。細胞核の中には遺伝情報であるDNAが格納されており、二重の膜（核膜）に囲まれ、核膜孔とよばれる多数の穴がある。そして、“発現、再生、老化、発ガン”などの生命現象が引き起こされる「場」になっている。

細胞の種類は、細菌やラン藻類の原核細胞と、ヒト、犬、植物などの真核細胞の２種類あるが、細胞核をもつのは真核細胞である。

・細胞

・核

・デオキシリボ核酸

・遺伝

ウィキペディア

索引トップ用語の索引ランキングカテゴリー

細胞核

(Cell Nucleus から転送)

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 (2024/04/13 08:57 UTC 版)

細胞核（さいぼうかく、英: cell nucleus）とは、真核生物の細胞を構成する細胞小器官のひとつ。細胞の遺伝情報の保存と伝達を行い、ほぼすべての細胞に存在する。通常は単に核ということが多い。

出典

^ Leeuwenhoek, A. van: Opera Omnia, seu Arcana Naturae ope exactissimorum Microscopiorum detecta, experimentis variis comprobata, Epistolis ad varios illustres viros. J. Arnold et Delphis, A. Beman, Lugdinum Batavorum 1719–1730. Cited after: Dieter Gerlach, Geschichte der Mikroskopie. Verlag Harri Deutsch, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 2009. ISBN 978-3-8171-1781-9.
^ Pederson, Thoru (2011-05-01). “The nucleus introduced”. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology 3 (5). doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a000521. ISSN 1943-0264. PMC 3101846. PMID 20660024.
^ Harris, H (1999). The Birth of the Cell. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-07384-4
^ Brown, Robert (1866). “On the Organs and Mode of Fecundation of Orchidex and Asclepiadea”. Miscellaneous Botanical Works I: 511–514.
^ ^a ^b Cremer, Thomas (1985). Von der Zellenlehre zur Chromosomentheorie. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Tokyo: Springer Verlag. ISBN 3-540-13987-7 Online Version here
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Lodish, H; Berk A; Matsudaira P; Kaiser CA; Krieger M; Scott MP; Zipursky SL; Darnell J. (2004). Molecular Cell Biology (5th ed.). New York: WH Freeman. ISBN 0-7167-2672-6
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Bruce Alberts; Alexander Johnson; Julian Lewis et al., eds (2002). Molecular Biology of the Cell, Chapter 4, pages 191–234 (4th ed.). Garland Science
^ Clegg JS (February 1984). “Properties and metabolism of the aqueous cytoplasm and its boundaries”. Am. J. Physiol. 246 (2 Pt 2): R133–51. PMID 6364846.
^ ^a ^b “Nuclear envelope permeability”. Nature 254 (5496): 109–114. (1975). doi:10.1038/254109a0. PMID 1117994.
^ Rodney Rhoades; Richard Pflanzer, eds (1996). “Ch3”. Human Physiology (3rd ed.). Saunders College Publishing
^ “Yeast nucleoporins involved in passive nuclear envelope permeability”. J Cell Biol 149 (5): 1027–1038. (2000). doi:10.1083/jcb.149.5.1027. PMC 2174828. PMID 10831607.
^ ^a ^b “Mechanisms of receptor-mediated nuclear import and nuclear export”. Traffic 6 (3): 187–198. (2005). doi:10.1111/j.1600-0854.2005.00270.x. PMID 15702987.
^ “Nuclear lamins: their structure, assembly, and interactions”. J Struct Biol 122 (1–2): 42–66. (1998). doi:10.1006/jsbi.1998.3987. PMID 9724605.
^ “Pathway of incorporation of microinjected lamin A into the nuclear envelope”. J Cell Biol 119 (4): 725–735. (1992). doi:10.1083/jcb.119.4.725. PMC 2289687. PMID 1429833.
^ Wehnert, Manfred S.; Nguyen, Thuy Duong; Meinke, Peter (2011-12-01). “The LINC complex and human disease” (英語). Biochemical Society Transactions 39 (6): 1693–1697. doi:10.1042/BST20110658. ISSN 1470-8752. PMID 22103509.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e “Nuclear lamins: building blocks of nuclear architecture”. Genes Dev 16 (5): 533–547. (2002). doi:10.1101/gad.960502. PMID 11877373.
^ “Nuclear Lamins A and B1: Different Pathways of Assembly during Nuclear Envelope Formation in Living Cells”. Journal of Cell Biology 151 (6): 1155–1168. (2000). doi:10.1083/jcb.151.6.1155. PMC 2190592. PMID 11121432.
^ Spann TP, Goldman AE, Wang C, Huang S, Goldman RD. (2002). “Alteration of nuclear lamin organization inhibits RNA polymerase II–dependent transcription”. Journal of Cell Biology 156 (4): 603–608. doi:10.1083/jcb.200112047. PMC 2174089. PMID 11854306.
^ “Aging and nuclear organization: lamins and progeria”. Current Opinion in Cell Biology 16 (3): 322–327. (2004). doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2004.03.009. PMID 15145358.
^ Ehrenhofer-Murray A (2004). “Chromatin dynamics at DNA replication, transcription and repair”. Eur J Biochem 271 (12): 2335–2349. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.2004.04162.x. PMID 15182349.
^ “The end adjusts the means: heterochromatin remodelling during terminal cell differentiation”. Chromosome Res 14 (1): 53–69. (2006). doi:10.1007/s10577-005-1021-6. PMID 16506096.
^ Schardin, Margit; Cremer, T; Hager, HD; Lang, M (December 1985). “Specific staining of human chromosomes in Chinese hamster x man hybrid cell lines demonstrates interphase chromosome territories”. Human Genetics (Springer Berlin / Heidelberg) 71 (4): 281–287. doi:10.1007/BF00388452. PMID 2416668.
^ Lamond, Angus I.; William C. Earnshaw (24 April 1998). “Structure and Function in the Nucleus”. Science 280 (5363): 547–553. doi:10.1126/science.280.5363.547. PMID 9554838.
^ Kurz, A; Lampel, S; Nickolenko, JE; Bradl, J; Benner, A; Zirbel, RM; Cremer, T; Lichter, P (1996). “Active and inactive genes localize preferentially in the periphery of chromosome territories”. The Journal of Cell Biology (The Rockefeller University Press) 135 (5): 1195–1205. doi:10.1083/jcb.135.5.1195. PMC 2121085. PMID 8947544. オリジナルの29 September 2007時点におけるアーカイブ。.
^ NF Rothfield; BD Stollar (1967). “The Relation of Immunoglobulin Class, Pattern of Antinuclear Antibody, and Complement-Fixing Antibodies to DNA in Sera from Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus”. J Clin Invest 46 (11): 1785–1794. doi:10.1172/JCI105669. PMC 292929. PMID 4168731.
^ S Barned; AD Goodman; DH Mattson (1995). “Frequency of anti-nuclear antibodies in multiple sclerosis”. Neurology 45 (2): 384–385. doi:10.1212/WNL.45.2.384. PMID 7854544.
^ Hernandez-Verdun, Daniele (2006). “Nucleolus: from structure to dynamics”. Histochem. Cell. Biol 125 (1–2): 127–137. doi:10.1007/s00418-005-0046-4. PMID 16328431.
^ ^a ^b Lamond, Angus I.; Judith E. Sleeman (October 2003). “Nuclear substructure and dynamics”. Current Biology 13 (21): R825–828. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2003.10.012. PMID 14588256.
^ ^a ^b ^c “Cajal bodies: a long history of discovery”. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 21: 105–131. (2005). doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.20.010403.103738. PMID 16212489.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Lafarga, Miguel (1 August 2002). “Clastosome: A Subtype of Nuclear Body Enriched in 19S and 20S Proteasomes, Ubiquitin, and Protein Substrates of Proteasome”. Molecular Biology of the Cell 13 (8): 2771–2782. doi:10.1091/mbc.e02-03-0122. PMC 117941. PMID 12181345.
^ ^a ^b ^c Pollard, Thomas D.; William C. Earnshaw (2004). Cell Biology. Philadelphia: Saunders. ISBN 0-7216-3360-9
^ ^a ^b ^c Dundr, Miroslav; Tom Misteli (2001). “Functional architecture in the cell nucleus”. Biochem. J. 356 (Pt 2): 297–310. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3560297. PMC 1221839. PMID 11368755.
^ Bond, Charles S.; Fox, Archa H. (2009). “Paraspeckles: nuclear bodies built on long noncoding RNA”. J. Cell Biol. 186 (5): 637–644. doi:10.1083/jcb.200906113.
^ Goebel, H.H.; I Warlow (January 1997). “Nemaline myopathy with intranuclear rods—intranuclear rod myopathy”. Neuromuscular Disorders 7 (1): 13–19. doi:10.1016/S0960-8966(96)00404-X. PMID 9132135.
^ ^a ^b “Coiled Bodies and Gems: Janus or Gemini?”. American Journal of Human Genetics 63 (2): 317–321. (1998). doi:10.1086/301992. PMC 1377332. PMID 9683623.
^ Matera, A. Gregory (1998). “Of Coiled Bodies, Gems, and Salmon”. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 70 (2): 181–192. doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4644(19980801)70:2<181::aid-jcb4>3.0.co;2-k. PMID 9671224.
^ Navascues, J; Berciano, MT; Tucker, KE; Lafarga, M; Matera, AG (June 2004). “Targeting SMN to Cajal bodies and nuclear gems during neuritogenesis.”. Chromosoma 112 (8): 398–409. doi:10.1007/s00412-004-0285-5. PMC 1592132. PMID 15164213.
^ “Compartmentalization within the nucleus: discovery of a novel subnuclear region.”. Journal of Cellular Biology 115 (4): 919–931. (1991). doi:10.1083/jcb.115.4.919. PMC 2289954. PMID 1955462.
^ “Regional and temporal specialization in the nucleus: a transcriptionally active nuclear domain rich in PTF, Oct1 and PIKA antigens associates with specific chromosomes early in the cell cycle”. The EMBO Journal 17 (6): 1768–1778. (1998). doi:10.1093/emboj/17.6.1768. PMC 1170524. PMID 9501098.
^ ^a ^b Lallemand-Breitenbach, V.; De The, H. (2010). “PML Nuclear Bodies”. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology 2 (5): a000661. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a000661. PMC 2857171. PMID 20452955.
^ “Nuclear speckles: a model for nuclear organelles”. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 4 (8): 605–12. (August 2003). doi:10.1038/nrm1172. PMID 12923522.
^ “Differential dynamics of splicing factor SC35 during the cell cycle” (PDF). J. Biosci. 33 (3): 345–54. (September 2008). doi:10.1007/s12038-008-0054-3. PMID 19005234. オリジナルの15 November 2011時点におけるアーカイブ。.
^ Tripathi, K.; Parnaik, V. K. (2008). “Differential dynamics of splicing factor SC35 during the cell cycle”. Journal of Biosciences 33 (3): 345–354. doi:10.1007/s12038-008-0054-3. PMID 19005234.
^ “Nuclear speckles: a model for nuclear organelles”. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 4 (8): 605–12. (August 2003). doi:10.1038/nrm1172. PMID 12923522.
^ Handwerger, Korie E.; Joseph G. Gall (January 2006). “Subnuclear organelles: new insights into form and function”. Trends in Cell Biology 16 (1): 19–26. doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2005.11.005. PMID 16325406.
^ “Cellular component Nucleus speckle”. UniProt: UniProtKB. 2013年8月30日閲覧。
^ Gall, Joseph G.; Bellini, Michel; Wu, Zheng'an; Murphy, Christine (December 1999). “Assembly of the Nuclear Transcription and Processing Machinery: Cajal Bodies (Coiled Bodies) and Transcriptosomes”. Molecular Biology of the Cell 10 (12): 4385–4402. doi:10.1091/mbc.10.12.4385. ISSN 1059-1524. PMC 25765. PMID 10588665.
^ ^a ^b Matera, A. Gregory; Rebecca M. Terns; Michael P. Terns (March 2007). “Non-coding RNAs: lessons from the small nuclear and small nucleolar RNAs”. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 8 (3): 209–220. doi:10.1038/nrm2124. ISSN 1471-0072. PMID 17318225. オリジナルの26 September 2011時点におけるアーカイブ。 2013年8月9日閲覧。.
^ ^a ^b Fox, Archa; Lam, YW; Leung, AK; Lyon, CE; Andersen, J; Mann, M; Lamond, AI (2002). “Paraspeckles: A Novel Nuclear Domain”. Current Biology 12 (1): 13–25. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00632-7. PMID 11790299.
^ ^a ^b Fox, Archa (2004年). “Nuclear Compartments: Paraspeckles”. Nuclear Protein Database. 2008年9月10日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2007年3月6日閲覧。
^ ^a ^b Fox, A. (2005). “P54nrb Forms a Heterodimer with PSP1 That Localizes to Paraspeckles in an RNA-dependent Manner”. Molecular Biology of the Cell 16 (11): 5304–5315. doi:10.1091/mbc.E05-06-0587. PMC 1266428. PMID 16148043.
^ Kong, Xiao-Ni; Yan, He-Xin; Chen, Lei; Dong, Li-Wei; Yang, Wen; Liu, Qiong; Yu, Le-Xing; Huang, Dan-Dan et al. (29 October 2007). “LPS-induced down-regulation of signal regulatory protein α contributes to innate immune activation in macrophages”. The Journal of Experimental Medicine 204 (11): 2719–2731. doi:10.1084/jem.20062611. ISSN 0022-1007. PMC 2118489. PMID 17954568.
^ ^a ^b Carmo-Fonseca, Maria; Berciano, Maria T.; Lafarga, Miguel (September 2010). “Orphan Nuclear Bodies”. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology 2 (9): a000703. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a000703. ISSN 1943-0264. PMC 2926751. PMID 20610547.
^ Sampuda, Katherine M.; Riley, Mason; Boyd, Lynn (19 April 2017). “Stress induced nuclear granules form in response to accumulation of misfolded proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans”. BMC Cell Biology 18 (1): 18. doi:10.1186/s12860-017-0136-x. ISSN 1471-2121. PMC 5395811. PMID 28424053.
^ Lehninger, Albert L.; Nelson, David L.; Cox, Michael M. (2000). Lehninger principles of biochemistry (3rd ed.). New York: Worth Publishers. ISBN 1-57259-931-6
^ “Glucose sensing through the Hxk2-dependent signalling pathway.”. Biochem Soc Trans 33 (1): 265–268. (2005). doi:10.1042/BST0330265. PMID 15667322.
^ Görlich, Dirk; Ulrike Kutay (1999). “Transport between the cell nucleus and the cytoplasm”. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 15 (1): 607–660. doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.15.1.607. PMID 10611974.
^ Nierhaus, Knud H.; Daniel N. Wilson (2004). Protein Synthesis and Ribosome Structure: Translating the Genome. Wiley-VCH. ISBN 3-527-30638-2
^ Nicolini, Claudio A. (1997). Genome Structure and Function: From Chromosomes Characterization to Genes Technology. Springer. ISBN 0-7923-4565-7
^ Watson, JD; Baker TA; Bell SP; Gann A; Levine M; Losick R. (2004). “Ch9–10”. Molecular Biology of the Gene (5th ed.). Peason Benjamin Cummings; CSHL Press.. ISBN 0-8053-9603-9
^ Lippincott-Schwartz, Jennifer (7 March 2002). “Cell biology: Ripping up the nuclear envelope”. Nature 416 (6876): 31–32. doi:10.1038/416031a. PMID 11882878.
^ ^a ^b Boulikas T (1995). “Phosphorylation of transcription factors and control of the cell cycle”. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr 5 (1): 1–77. PMID 7549180.
^ “Mistargeting of B-type lamins at the end of mitosis: implications on cell survival and regulation of lamins A/C expression”. J Cell Biol 153 (3): 621–626. (2001). doi:10.1083/jcb.153.3.621. PMC 2190567. PMID 11331311.
^ Böhm I. IgG deposits can be detected in cell nuclei of patients with both lupus erythematosus and malignancy. Clin Rheumatol 2007;26(11) 1877–1882
^ Zettler, LA; Sogin ML; Caron DA (1997). “Phylogenetic relationships between the Acantharea and the Polycystinea: A molecular perspective on Haeckel's Radiolaria”. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94 (21): 11411–11416. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.21.11411. PMC 23483. PMID 9326623.
^ Horton, TR (2006). “The number of nuclei in basidiospores of 63 species of ectomycorrhizal Homobasidiomycetes”. Mycologia 98 (2): 233–238. doi:10.3852/mycologia.98.2.233. PMID 16894968.
^ Adam RD (December 1991). “The biology of Giardia spp”. Microbiol. Rev. 55 (4): 706–32. PMC 372844. PMID 1779932.
^ McInnes, A; Rennick DM (1988). “Interleukin 4 induces cultured monocytes/macrophages to form giant multinucleated cells”. J Exp Med 167 (2): 598–611. doi:10.1084/jem.167.2.598. PMC 2188835. PMID 3258008.
^ Goldring, SR; Roelke MS; Petrison KK; Bhan AK (1987). “Human giant cell tumors of bone identification and characterization of cell types”. J Clin Invest 79 (2): 483–491. doi:10.1172/JCI112838. PMC 424109. PMID 3027126.
^ Imanian, B; Pombert, JF; Dorrell, RG; Burki, F; Keeling, PJ (2012). “Tertiary endosymbiosis in two dinotoms has generated little change in the mitochondrial genomes of their dinoflagellate hosts and diatom endosymbionts”. PLOS ONE 7 (8): e43763. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0043763. PMC 3423374. PMID 22916303.
^ Skutelsky, E.; Danon D. (June 1970). “Comparative study of nuclear expulsion from the late erythroblast and cytokinesis”. J Cell Biol 60 (60(3)): 625–635. doi:10.1016/0014-4827(70)90536-7. PMID 5422968.
^ Torous, DK; Dertinger SD; Hall NE; Tometsko CR. (2000). “Enumeration of micronucleated reticulocytes in rat peripheral blood: a flow cytometric study”. Mutat Res 465 (465(1–2)): 91–99. doi:10.1016/S1383-5718(99)00216-8. PMID 10708974.
^ Hutter, KJ; Stohr M. (1982). “Rapid detection of mutagen induced micronucleated erythrocytes by flow cytometry”. Histochemistry 75 (3): 353–362. doi:10.1007/bf00496738. PMID 7141888.
^ Pennisi E. (2004). “Evolutionary biology. The birth of the nucleus”. Science 305 (5685): 766–768. doi:10.1126/science.305.5685.766. PMID 15297641.
^ C.Michael Hogan. 2010. Archaea. eds. E.Monosson & C.Cleveland, Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment, Washington DC. Archived 11 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine.
^ Margulis, Lynn (1981). Symbiosis in Cell Evolution. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Company. pp. 206–227. ISBN 0-7167-1256-3
^ “Selective forces for the origin of the eukaryotic nucleus”. BioEssays 28 (5): 525–533. (2006). doi:10.1002/bies.20413. PMID 16615090.
^ Fuerst JA. (2005). “Intracellular compartmentation in planctomycetes”. Annu Rev Microbiol 59: 299–328. doi:10.1146/annurev.micro.59.030804.121258. PMID 15910279.
^ “The origin of the eukaryotic cell: a genomic investigation”. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99 (3): 1420–1425. (2002). doi:10.1073/pnas.032658599. PMC 122206. PMID 11805300.
^ Bell PJ (September 2001). “Viral eukaryogenesis: was the ancestor of the nucleus a complex DNA virus?”. J. Mol. Evol. 53 (3): 251–6. doi:10.1007/s002390010215. PMID 11523012.
^ Takemura M (2001). “Poxviruses and the origin of the eukaryotic nucleus”. J Mol Evol 52 (5): 419–425. doi:10.1007/s002390010171. PMID 11443345.
^ “A hypothesis for DNA viruses as the origin of eukaryotic replication proteins”. J Virol 74 (15): 7079–7084. (2000). doi:10.1128/JVI.74.15.7079-7084.2000. PMC 112226. PMID 10888648.
^ Bell PJ (November 2006). “Sex and the eukaryotic cell cycle is consistent with a viral ancestry for the eukaryotic nucleus”. J. Theor. Biol. 243 (1): 54–63. doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.05.015. PMID 16846615.
^ de Roos AD (2006). “The origin of the eukaryotic cell based on conservation of existing interfaces”. Artif Life 12 (4): 513–523.. doi:10.1162/artl.2006.12.4.513. PMID 16953783.

[続きの解説]

「細胞核」の続きの解説一覧

Weblio日本語例文用例辞書

索引トップ用語の索引ランキング

「cell nucleus」の例文・使い方・用例・文例

『c』は『car』では『k』と発音されるが、『cell』では『s』と発音されるので多音字である

Weblio日本語例文用例辞書はプログラムで機械的に例文を生成しているため、不適切な項目が含まれていることもあります。ご了承くださいませ。

>> 「Cell Nucleus」を含む用語の索引
Cell Nucleusのページへのリンク


	copyright© communication house of biotechnology 農林水産省
	All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. この記事は、ウィキペディアの細胞核 (改訂履歴)の記事を複製、再配布したものにあたり、GNU Free Documentation Licenseというライセンスの下で提供されています。 Weblio辞書に掲載されているウィキペディアの記事も、全てGNU Free Documentation Licenseの元に提供されております。
TANAKA Corpus	Tanaka Corpusのコンテンツは、特に明示されている場合を除いて、次のライセンスに従います： Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 2.0 France.
京大-NICT 日英中基本文データ	この対訳データはCreative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unportedでライセンスされています。
	Copyright © 1995-2024 Hamajima Shoten, Publishers. All rights reserved.
	Copyright © Benesse Holdings, Inc. All rights reserved.
	Copyright (c) 1995-2024 Kenkyusha Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
	日本語ワードネット1.1版 (C) 情報通信研究機構, 2009-2010 License All rights reserved. WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. License
	Copyright (C) 1994- Nichigai Associates, Inc., All rights reserved. 「斎藤和英大辞典」斎藤秀三郎著、日外アソシエーツ辞書編集部編
	This page uses the JMdict dictionary files. These files are the property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, and are used in conformance with the Group's licence.

Cell Nucleusとは？わかりやすく解説

細胞核

細胞核

「cell nucleus」の例文・使い方・用例・文例

「Cell Nucleus」の関連用語

Cell Nucleusとは？ わかりやすく解説

細胞核

細胞核

「cell nucleus」の例文・使い方・用例・文例

「Cell Nucleus」の関連用語

Cell Nucleusとは？わかりやすく解説