赤色テロ

ウィキペディア

索引トップ用語の索引ランキングカテゴリー

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 (2023/09/23 13:31 UTC 版)

参考文献

田中, 陽兒、倉持, 俊一、和田, 春樹『ロシア史〈3〉20世紀』山川出版社、1997年。ISBN 4-634-46080-7。
原, 卓也　『ロシア』新潮社〈　読んで旅する世界の歴史と文化　〉、2007年（原著1994年）。ISBN 978-4-10-601839-8。
クルトワ, ステファヌ、ヴェルト, ニコラ著、外川継男訳『共産主義黒書〈ソ連篇〉』筑摩書房、2016年。ISBN 978-4-480-09723-1。
Figes, Orlando (1998). A People's Tragedy: The Russian Revolution 1891–1924. Penguin Books. ISBN 0670-859168
Gellately, Robert (2008). Lenin, Stalin, and Hitler: The Age of Social Catastrophe. Knopf. ISBN 9781400032136
Graziosi, Andrea (2007) (イタリア語). L'URSS di Lenin e Stalin. Storia dell'Unione Sovietica 1914–1945. Bologna: il Mulino. ISBN 978-88-15-13786-9
Leggett, George (1981). The Cheka: Lenin's political police. The All–Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter–Revolution and Sabotage, December 1917 to February 1922. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-822552-0
Lowe, Norman (2002). Mastering Twentieth Century Russian History. Palgrave. ISBN 9780333963074
Melgounov, Sergey (1975). The Red Terror in Russia. Hyperions. ISBN 0-88355-187-X
Ryan, James (2012). Lenin's Terror: The Ideological Origins of Early Soviet State Violence. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-1138815681
Smele, Jonathan D. (2015). “Red terror”. Historical dictionary of the Russian civil wars, 1916–1926. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 932–934. ISBN 9781442252813
Steinberg, Isaac (1935). Spiridonova: Revolutionary Terrorist. London: Methuen
Mayer, Arno J. (2002) (英語). The Furies: Violence and Terror in the French and Russian Revolutions. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-09015-3
Pipes, Richard (2011) (英語). Russia Under the Bolshevik Regime. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-307-78861-0
Werth, Nicolas (1999). “A State against Its People: Violence, Repression, and Terror in the Soviet Union” (英語). The Black Book of Communism: Crimes, Terror, Repression. Harvard University Press. pp. 33–268. ISBN 978-0-674-07608-2
Trotsky, Leon (2017). Terrorism and Communism: A Reply to Karl Kautsky. Verso. ISBN 9781786633439 See also text on marxists.org.
Werth, Nicolas; Bartosek, Karel; Panne, Jean-Louis; Margolin, Jean-Louis; Paczkowski, Andrzej; Courtois, Stephane (1999). Black Book of Communism: Crimes, Terror, Repression. Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-07608-7

脚注

注釈

^ カプランは即、逮捕され3日後に処刑されたが、1997年には、チェーカーが真犯人を取り逃がし、代わりにカプランを挑発して犯人に仕立てたという説が出されている。^[9]

出典

^ 『赤色テロ』 - コトバンク
^ Blakemore, Erin (2020年9月2日). “How the Red Terror set a macabre course for the Soviet Union”. National Geographic. 2021年7月13日閲覧。 “The poet was just one of many victims of the Red Terror, a state-sponsored wave of violence that was decreed in Russia on September 5, 1918, and lasted until 1922.”
^ Melgunoff, Sergei (November 1927). “The Record of the Red Terror”. Current History 27 (2): 202. doi:10.1525/curh.1927.27.2.198. JSTOR 45332605. "Such was the Red Terror in its first period, within which we include the years 1918-1921."
^ Melgunov, Sergey [1925] 1975. The Red Terror in Russia. Hyperions. ISBN 0-88355-187-X.
^ Melgunov, Sergei. 1927. "The Record of the Red Terror." Current History (November 1927):198–205.
^ Werth, Bartosek et al. (1999), Chapter 4: The Red Terror.
^ 『白色テロ』 - コトバンク
^ ^a ^b ^c 田中, 倉持 & 和田 1997, p. 84.
^ クルトワ & ヴェルト 2016.
^ Wilde, Robert. 2019 February 20. "The Red Terror." ThoughtCo. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
^ Llewellyn, Jennifer; McConnell, Michael; Thompson, Steve (11 August 2019). "The Red Terror". Russian Revolution. Alpha History. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
^ 田中, 倉持 & 和田 1997, pp. 84–85.
^ 原 1994, p. 124.
^ 田中, 倉持 & 和田 1997, p. 85.
^ Часть IV. На гражданской войнe. // Sergei Melgunov «Красный террор» в России 1918—1923. — 2-ое изд., доп. — Берлин, 1924
^ Melgunov, Sergei Petrovich (2008) (ドイツ語). Der rote Terror in Russland 1918-1923 (reprint of the 1924 Olga Diakow edition). Berlin: OEZ. p. 186, note 182. ISBN 9783940452474 An online English translation of the second edition of Melgunov's work is accessibile at Internet Archive, whence the following translated text is drawn (p. 85, note n. 128): "Professor [Charles] Sarolea, who published a series of articles about Russia in Edinburgh newspaper “The Scotsman” touched upon the death statistics in an essay on terror (No. 7, November 1923.). He summarized the outcome of the Bolshevik massacre as follows: 28 bishops, 1219 clergy, 6000 professors and teachers, 9000 doctors, 54,000 officers, 260,000 soldiers, 70,000 policemen, 12,950 landowners, 355,250 professionals, 193,290 workers, 815,000 peasants. The author did not provide the sources of that data. Needless to say that the precise counts seem [too] fictional, but the author’s [characterisation] of terror in Russia in general matches reality." The note is somewhat abbreviated in the 1925 English edition indicated in the bibliography: in particular, there is no mention of the imaginative nature of the data (p. 111, note n. 1).
^ Lincoln, W. Bruce (1989). Red Victory: A History of the Russian Civil War. Simon & Schuster. p. 384. ISBN 0671631667. "... the best estimates set the probable number of executions at about a hundred thousand."
^ Lowe (2002), p. 151.
^ Erlikhman, Vadim Viktorovich (2004) (ロシア語). Poteri narodonaseleniya v XX veke. [Population losses in the XX century]. Moscow: Russkaya panorama. ISBN 5-93165-107-1
^ Perevozchikov', Artyom (2010年9月9日). “Istorik Sergey Volkov: «Geneticheskomu fondu Rossii byl nanesen chudovishchnyy, ne vospolnennyy do sego vremeni, uron»” [Historian Sergei Volkov: "Russia's genetic pool suffered monstrous damage, so far not repaired" (interview with the famous historian of the Civil War, Doctor of Historical Sciences Sergei Vladimirovich Volkov)]. iskupitel.info. Monarxist. 2023年5月9日閲覧。
^ Graziosi、L'URSS di Lenin e Stalin,pp. 171 および 570）
^ Ryan (2012), p. 2.
^ Ryan (2012), p. 114.
^ Stone, Bailey (2013). The Anatomy of Revolution Revisited: A Comparative Analysis of England, France, and Russia. Cambridge University Press. p. 335.
^ Pipes, Richard (2011). The Russian Revolution. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 838.
^ Smele (2015), p. 934.
^ К вопросу о масштабах красного террора в годы Гражданской войны
^ “"Красный террор": 1918– ...?” [The Red Terror: 1918– …?] (2018年). 2023年7月8日閲覧。
^ ^a ^b Leggett (1981), p. 114.
^ Lenin, Vladimir (1965). “A Little Picture in Illustration of Big Problems”. Collected works (edited and translated by Jim Riordan). 28. Moskow: Progress Publisher. p. 389
^ Steinberg (1935), pp. 234–238.