スプロール現象とは? わかりやすく解説

Weblio 辞書 > 同じ種類の言葉 > 社会 > 社会一般 > 現象 > スプロール現象の意味・解説 

スプロール現象

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 (2024/02/14 04:56 UTC 版)

スプロール現象(スプロールげんしょう、: urban sprawl)とは、都市計画がほとんど実行されなかった結果として、住宅、商業開発、道路などが、都市周縁の広範な地帯に無秩序に拡大すること[1]、加えてそうした現象が社会環境にもたらす影響のことである[2]


  1. ^ Fouberg, Erin Hogan (2012). Human geography: people, place, and culture. Murphy, Alexander B.; De Blij, Harm J. (10th ed.). Hoboken: Wiley. pp. 560. ISBN 978-1118018699. OCLC 752286985 
  2. ^ Sarkodie, Samuel Asumadu; Owusu, Phebe Asantewaa; Leirvik, Thomas (2020-03-05). “Global effect of urban sprawl, industrialization, trade and economic development on carbon dioxide emissions” (英語). Environmental Research Letters 15 (3): 034049. Bibcode2020ERL....15c4049S. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab7640. ISSN 1748-9326. 
  3. ^ Caves, R. W. (2004). Encyclopedia of the City. Routledge. pp. 626. ISBN 9780415252256. https://archive.org/details/encyclopediacity00cave 
  4. ^ Charles L. Marohn, Jr. (2019). Strong Towns: A Bottom-Up Revolution to Rebuild American Prosperity. Wiley. ISBN 978-1119564812. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Strong_Towns/sSSpDwAAQBAJ 
  5. ^ James, Paul; Holden, Meg; Lewin, Mary; Neilson, Lyndsay; Oakley, Christine; Truter, Art; Wilmoth, David (2013). “Managing Metropolises by Negotiating Mega-Urban Growth”. In Harald Mieg; Klaus Töpfer. Institutional and Social Innovation for Sustainable Urban Development. Routledge. https://www.academia.edu/7207756 
  6. ^ a b sprawl Cambridge Dictionaries オンライン 2024年2月14日閲覧
  7. ^ sprawl オンライン版ロングマン現代英英辞典 2024年2月14日閲覧
  8. ^ スプロールとは何か。(都市計画法第7条第1項) 福岡市 2024年2月14日閲覧
  9. ^ Audirac, Ivonne; Shermyen, Anne H.; Smith, Marc T. (December 31, 1990). “Ideal Urban Form and Visions of the Good Life Florida's Growth Management Dilemma”. Journal of the American Planning Association 56 (4): 470–482. doi:10.1080/01944369008975450. p. 475.
  10. ^ Batty, Michael; Besussi, Elena; Chin, Nancy (November 2003). “Traffic, Urban Growth and Suburban Sprawl”. UCL Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis Working Papers Series 70. ISSN 1467-1298. オリジナルの2015-09-26時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20150926003140/https://www.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/casa/pdf/paper70.pdf 2015年5月17日閲覧。. 
  11. ^ a b Bhatta, B.; Saraswati, S.; Bandyopadhyay, D. (December 2010). “Urban sprawl measurement from remote sensing data”. Applied Geography 30 (4): 731–740. doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2010.02.002. 
  12. ^ a b c d e Ewing, Reid (1997). “Is Los Angeles-Style Sprawl Desirable?”. Journal of the American Planning Association 63 (1): 107–126. doi:10.1080/01944369708975728. 
  13. ^ a b c d e f g Chin, Nancy (March 2002). “Unearthing the Roots of Urban Sprawl: A Critical Analysis of Form, Function and Methodology”. University College London Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis Working Papers Series 47. ISSN 1467-1298. オリジナルの2016-05-04時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304044026/https://www.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/casa/pdf/paper47.pdf 2015年4月19日閲覧。. 
  14. ^ Gordon, Peter; Richardson, Harry (1997). “Are Compact Cities a Desirable Planning Goal?”. Journal of the American Planning Association 63 (1): 95–106. doi:10.1080/01944369708975727. 
  15. ^ a b c d e Frumkin, Howard (May–June 2002). Urban Sprawl and Public Health. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved on February 7, 2008.
  16. ^ Peter Calthorpe (2016年7月7日). “China chokes on high-density sprawl”. Public Square: A CNU Journal. Congress for the New Urbanism. 2021年3月16日閲覧。
  17. ^ Peter Calthorpe (2016). “Urbanism and Global Sprawl”. State of the World. State of the World英語版. Washington, DC: Island Press. pp. 91–108. doi:10.5822/978-1-61091-756-8_7. ISBN 978-1-61091-756-8 
  18. ^ Andrew Downie (2008年4月21日). “The World's Worst Traffic Jams”. Time. http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1733872,00.html 2014年9月4日閲覧。 
  19. ^ Residential Construction Trends in America's Metropolitan Regions”. Smart Growth. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (2016年7月27日). 2015年10月17日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2021年3月16日閲覧。
  20. ^ Stoll, Michael A. (2005). Job Sprawl and the Spatial Mismatch between Blacks and Jobs. Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution, Metropolitan Policy Program. オリジナルの2008-7-6時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20080706103216/http://www.brookings.edu/reports/2005/02metropolitanpolicy_stoll.aspx 2010年1月22日閲覧。 
  21. ^ Glaeser, Edward (2001). Job Sprawl: Employment Location in U.S. Metropolitan Areas. Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution, Metropolitan Policy Program.. オリジナルの2016-05-15時点におけるアーカイブ。. http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160515085220/http://www.brookings.edu/reports/2001/07_employment_glaeser.aspx 2010年1月22日閲覧。 
  22. ^ Kneebone, Elizabeth (2009). Job Sprawl Revisited: The Changing Geography of Metropolitan Employment. Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution. オリジナルのFebruary 22, 2010時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20100222104135/http://www.brookings.edu/reports/2009/0406_job_sprawl_kneebone.aspx 2010年1月22日閲覧。 
  23. ^ DeGrove, John and Robyne Turner (1991), "Local Government in Florida: Coping with Massive and Sustained Growth" in Huckshorn, R. (ed.) Government and Politics in Florida. University of Florida Press, Gainesville.
  24. ^ Allam, Zaheer. (2020). Theology and urban sustainability. Cham: Springer. ISBN 978-3-030-29673-5. OCLC 1120695363 
  25. ^ Scarrow, Ryan (September 2019). “Graves or people” (英語). Nature Sustainability 2 (9): 787. doi:10.1038/s41893-019-0383-2. ISSN 2398-9629. 
  26. ^ Krannich, Jess M. (2006). “Modern Disaster: Agricultural Land, Urban Growth, and the Need for a Federally Organized Comprehensive Land Use Planning Model”. Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy 16 (1): 57. http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1104&context=cjlpp 2015年6月8日閲覧。. 
  27. ^ Hasse, John E.; Lathrop, Richard G. (2003). “Land resource impact indicators of urban sprawl”. Applied Geography 23 (2–3): 159–175. doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2003.08.002. 
  28. ^ David Kocieniewski (2013年1月6日). “Major Companies Push the Limits of a Tax Break”. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/07/business/economy/companies-exploit-tax-break-for-asset-exchanges-trial-evidence-shows.html 2013年1月7日閲覧. "With hundreds of thousands of transactions a year, it is hard to gauge the true cost of the tax break for so-called like-kind exchanges, like those used by Cendant, General Electric and Wells Fargo." 
  29. ^ Fang, Yiping; Pal, Anirban (2016-07-07). “Drivers of urban sprawl in urbanizing China – a political ecology analysis” (英語). Environment and Urbanization 28 (2): 599–616. doi:10.1177/0956247816647344. ISSN 0956-2478. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1163&context=usp_fac. 
  30. ^ Modernizing Rural And Small City Development Codes: Priority Smart Growth Fixes” (PDF). Smart Growth America英語版. Environmental Protection Agency (2014年). 2020年10月16日閲覧。
  31. ^ Gruen, Victor and Larry Smith (1960) Shopping towns USA: the planning of shopping centers, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York.
  32. ^ Crawford, Margaret (1992) "The World in a Shopping Mall" in Sorkin, Michael (ed.), Variations on a Theme Park, The new American city and the end of public space, Hill and Wang, New York, pp. 3–30.
  33. ^ Frieden, Bernard J. and Sagalyn, Lynne B. (1989) Downtown Inc.: How America Rebuilds Cities, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
  34. ^ a b Duany, Andres; Plater-Zyberk, Elizabeth; Speck, Jeff (2001). Suburban Nation: The Rise of Sprawl and the Decline of the American Dream. New York: Farrar Straus & Giroux. ISBN 9780865476066. https://archive.org/details/suburbannationri00duan 
  35. ^ Czech, Brian; Krausman, Paul R .; Devers, Patrick K. (2000). “Economic Associations among Causes of Species Endangerment in the United States”. BioScience 50 (7): 593. doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2000)050[0593:EAACOS]2.0.CO;2. http://bioscience.oxfordjournals.org/content/50/7/593.full?ijkey=5738dd208118508de52ec01cdb0cc4c9e383c477&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha 2015年9月3日閲覧。. 
  36. ^ a b McKinney, Michael L. (2002). “Urbanization, Biodiversity, and Conservation”. BioScience 52 (10): 883. doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2002)052[0883:UBAC]2.0.CO;2. http://bioscience.oxfordjournals.org/content/52/10/883.full 2015年9月3日閲覧。. 
  37. ^ Fenger, J: 1999, "Urban air quality", Atmospheric Environment, vol.33, no.29, pp 4877–4900.
  38. ^ Surface Runoff – The Water Cycle”. Water Science School. Reston, VA: United States Geological Survey (2016年12月15日). 2021年3月16日閲覧。
  39. ^ a b Gordon, Peter; Richardson, Harry (Summer 2001). “The Sprawl Debate: Let Markets Plan”. Publius: The Journal of Federalism 31 (3): 131–149. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.pubjof.a004901. http://publius.oxfordjournals.org/content/31/3/131.full.pdf 2015年6月11日閲覧。. 
  40. ^ Sturm, R.; Cohen, D.A. (October 2004). “Suburban sprawl and physical and mental health”. Public Health 118 (7): 488–496. doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2004.02.007. PMID 15351221. 
  41. ^ McKee, Bradford. "As Suburbs Grow, So Do Waistlines Archived August 16, 2009, at the Wayback Machine.", The New York Times, September 4, 2003. Retrieved on February 7, 2008.
  42. ^ Koen De Ridder; Filip Lefebre; Stefan Adriaensen; Ute Arnold; Wolfgang Beckroege; Christine Bronner; Ole Damsgaard; Ivo Dostal et al. (2008). “Simulating the impact of urban sprawl on air quality and population exposure in the German Ruhr area. Part II: Development and evaluation of an urban growth scenario”. Atmospheric Environment 42 (30): 7070–7077. Bibcode2008AtmEn..42.7070D. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.06.044. 
  43. ^ Fuller, R.; Crawford (2011). “Impact of past and future residential housing development patterns on energy demand and related emissions”. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment 26 (2): 165–83. doi:10.1007/s10901-011-9212-2. 
  44. ^ Jones, Christopher; Kammen, Daniel (2014). “Spatial Distribution of U.S. Household Carbon Footprints Reveals Suburbanization Undermines Greenhouse Gas Benefits of Urban Population Density”. Environ. Sci. Technol. 48 (2): 895-902. doi:10.1021/es4034364. https://doi.org/10.1021/es4034364 2021年1月19日閲覧。. 
  45. ^ Goldstein, Benjamin; Gounaridis, Dimitrios; Newell, Joshua P. (2020). “The carbon footprint of household energy use in the United States”. PNAS 117 (32): 19122-19130. doi:10.1073/pnas.1922205117. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1922205117. 
  46. ^ De Ridder, K (2008). “Simulating the impact of urban sprawl on air quality and population exposure in the German Ruhr area. Part_II_Development_and_evaluation_of_an_urban_growth_scenario”. Atmospheric Environment 42 (30): 7070–7077. Bibcode2008AtmEn..42.7070D. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.06.044. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232071499. 
  47. ^ U.S. Death Statistics. The Disaster Center. Retrieved on February 8, 2008.
  48. ^ 日本放送協会. “また同じ小学校の通学路で…事故はなぜ防げなかったのか|NHK”. NHK NEWS WEB. 2023年1月15日閲覧。
  49. ^ Lambert, Thomas E.; Meyer, Peter B. (2006). “Ex-Urban Sprawl as a Factor in Traffic Fatalities and EMS Response Times in the Southeastern United States”. Journal of Economic Issues 40 (4): 941–953. doi:10.1080/00213624.2006.11506968. http://www.cues.fau.edu/cnu/docs/Ex-Urban_Sprawl_as_a_Factor_in_Traffic_Fatalities_and_EMS_Response_Times_in_the_SE_US-Lambert-Meyer.pdf. 
  50. ^ Lambert, T. E.; Meyer, P. B. (2008). “Practitioner's Corner: New and Fringe Residential Development and Emergency Medical Services Response Times in the United States”. State 40 (2): 115–124. doi:10.1177/0160323x0804000205. JSTOR 25469783. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/38891/1/MPRA_paper_38891.pdf. 
  51. ^ Lambert, Thomas E.; Srinivasan, Arun K.; Katirai, Matin (2012). “Ex-urban Sprawl and Fire Response in the United States”. Journal of Economic Issues 46 (4): 967–988. doi:10.2753/JEI0021-3624460407. 
  52. ^ Snyder, Ken; Bird, Lori (1998). Paying the Costs of Sprawl: Using Fair-Share Costing to Control Sprawl. Washington: U.S. Department of Energy's Center of Excellence for Sustainable Development. オリジナルのSeptember 24, 2015時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20150924102819/http://www.smartcommunities.ncat.org/articles/sprawl.pdf 2015年5月20日閲覧。 
  53. ^ McCann, Barbara. Driven to Spend Archived June 19, 2006, at the Wayback Machine.. Surface Transportation Policy Project (2000). Retrieved on February 8, 2008.
  54. ^ "Is your car worth it?", The Guardian, Guardian Media Group, February 15, 2003. Retrieved on February 8, 2008.
  55. ^ 「クルマ王国」米国で進化した路面電車の実力”. 東洋経済オンライン (2018年5月26日). 2023年1月15日閲覧。
  56. ^ ジェロー・マグラン、アラン・デュブレッソン、オリヴィエ・ニノ 著、鳥取絹子 訳『地図で見るアフリカハンドブック』現書房、4月5日 2019、40頁。 
  57. ^ Van Pelt, Julie (ed.) (2006) (PDF). Cascadia Scorecard 2006. Cascadia Scorecard. Seattle, Washington: Sightline Institute. ISBN 978-1-886093-16-4. http://www.sightline.org/publications/books/CS2006/CS06/CS06-nomaps 2008年2月7日閲覧。 [リンク切れ]
  58. ^ Kunstler, James Howard. Home from nowhere: remaking our everyday world for the twenty-First century. Touchstone, 1998
  59. ^ Conklin, George H.. “Article Review: The Impact of Density: The Importance of Nonlinearlity and Selection on Flight and Fight Responses.”. 2021年3月16日閲覧。
  60. ^ Sennett, Richard (ed.) (June 1969). Classic Essays on the Culture of Cities. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. pp. 67–83 
  61. ^ Fischer, Claude S.; Baldasarre, Mark; Ofshe, R. J. (1975). “Crowding Studies and Urban Life – A Critical Review”. Journal of the American Institute of Planners 41 (6): 406–418. doi:10.1080/01944367508977691. hdl:2027/mdp.39015002638529. 
  62. ^ O'Toole, Randal (2009). Gridlock : why we're stuck in traffic and what to do about it ([Online-Ausg.] ed.). Washington, D.C.: CATO Institute. ISBN 978-1935308232. https://archive.org/details/gridlockwhyweare00otoo 
  63. ^ Issue Brief: Smart-Growth: Building Livable Communities. American Institute of Architects. Retrieved on February 8, 2008.
  64. ^ Urban Sprawl: New Smart Growth America Study Moves to Measure Elusive Location Factor”. Smart Growth America英語版. Site Selection (2002年10月28日). 2020年10月16日閲覧。
  65. ^ Building Better. Sierra Club. Retrieved on February 8, 2008.
  66. ^ Smart Growth. National Resources Defense Council. Retrieved on February 8, 2008.
  67. ^ Urban Sprawl – NumbersUSA. Retrieved on February 26, 2009.
  68. ^ Web smarts. Christian Science Monitor. October 7, 2003. Retrieved on February 26, 2009.
  69. ^ Moore, Adrian; Henderson, Rick (1998年6月). “Plan Obsolescence”. Reason. http://reason.com/archives/1998/06/01/plan-obsolescence/ 2015年5月30日閲覧。 
  70. ^ a b c Gordon, Peter; Richardson, Harry (Fall 1998). “Prove It: The costs and benefit of sprawl”. Brookings Review (The Brookings Institution). http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/articles/1998/9/fall-metropolitanpolicy-gordon/gordon2.pdf 2015年6月11日閲覧。 
  71. ^ Jackson, Kenneth T. [in 英語] (1985), Crabgrass Frontier: The Suburbanization of the United States, New York: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-504983-7
  72. ^ Newman, Peter W.G.; Kenworthy, Jeffrey R. (1989). Cities and automobile dependence: a sourcebook. Aldershot, Hants., England: Gower Technical. ISBN 9780566070402 
  73. ^ Mindali, O., Raveh, A. and Salomon, I., 2004. Urban density and energy consumption: a new look at old statistics. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 38(2), pp. 143-162.
  74. ^ Frank, L.; Pivo, G. (1994). “Impact of Mixed Use and Density on Three Modes of Travel”. Transportation Research Record 1446: 44–52. 
  75. ^ Cervero, R. and Gorham, R.. Commuting in Transit Versus Automobile Neighborhoods Journal of the American Planning Association 61, 2: 210–225, 1995
  76. ^ Transport Reviews Volume 29 Issue 3 (2009) 
  77. ^ a b Bagley, M.N.; Mokhtarian, P.L. (2002). “The impact of residential neighborhood type on travel behavior: A structural equations modeling approach”. Annals of Regional Science 36 (2): 279. doi:10.1007/s001680200083. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/12q634n2. 
  78. ^ See demographia's report.
  79. ^ US Commuting Travel Times Down Over Quarter Century. PublicPurpose.com. Retrieved on February 8, 2008.
  80. ^ Cervero, R. and Wu, K, (1997) K. Polycentrism, Commuting, and Residential Location in the San Francisco Bay. Environment and Planning A 29: 865–886
  81. ^ Ewing, R. and Cervero, R. (2001) Travel and the Built Environment: A Synthesis. Transportation Research Record 1780, pp. 87–113
  82. ^ Cervero, R. (1986, 2013)Suburban Gridlock. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, CUPR, Transaction Press (2013 edition)
  83. ^ Melia, S., Barton, H. and Parkhurst, G. (In Press) The Paradox of Intensification. Transport Policy 18 (1)
  84. ^ Housing Affordability Trends: USA States. Demographia. Retrieved on February 8, 2008.
  85. ^ Lewyn, Michael (October 4, 2005). Sprawl, Growth Boundaries and the Rehnquist Court. Social Science Research Network. Retrieved on February 8, 2008.
  86. ^ "Seeking solutions to the housing affordability crisis Archived August 30, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.", University of South Australia, October 24, 2005. Retrieved on February 8, 2008.
  87. ^ Saunders, Peter (2005). "After the House Price Boom: Is this the end of the Australian dream? Archived November 2, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.", Policy. Retrieved on February 8, 2008.
  88. ^ Archer, Lincoln. "Kevin Rudd says John Howard is ignoring housing", News Limited英語版, November 5, 2007. Retrieved on February 8, 2008.
  89. ^ Planning Policy Guidance 2: Green belts”. 2012年6月9日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2021年3月16日閲覧。
  90. ^ Kolakowski, K., P. L. Machemer, J. Thomas, and R. Hamlin. 2000. Urban growth boundaries: a policy brief for the Michigan Legislature. Urban and Regional Planning Program, Department of Geography, Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan, USA. Available online at: http://www.ippsr.msu.edu/Publications/ARUrbanGrowthBound.pdf Archived February 6, 2009, at the Wayback Machine.
  91. ^ US Urbanized Areas: 1950–1990: Data”. demographia.com. 2021年3月16日閲覧。
  92. ^ USA Urbanized Areas: 2000 Ranked by Population(465 Areas)”. demographia.com. 2021年3月16日閲覧。
  93. ^ S. Reid, "Fit for purpose: evaluating walkability", Engineering Sustainability, Vol. 161, No. 2, June 2008, pp.105–112.[リンク切れ]
  94. ^ S. Grignaffini, S. Cappellanti, A. Cefalo, "Visualizing sustainability in urban conditions", WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, Vol. 1, pp. 253–262, 10 Jun 2008.”. 2012年2月23日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2009年2月26日閲覧。


「スプロール現象」の続きの解説一覧




スプロール現象と同じ種類の言葉


英和和英テキスト翻訳>> Weblio翻訳
英語⇒日本語日本語⇒英語
  

辞書ショートカット

すべての辞書の索引

「スプロール現象」の関連用語

スプロール現象のお隣キーワード
検索ランキング

   

英語⇒日本語
日本語⇒英語
   



スプロール現象のページの著作権
Weblio 辞書 情報提供元は 参加元一覧 にて確認できます。

   
ウィキペディアウィキペディア
All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License.
この記事は、ウィキペディアのスプロール現象 (改訂履歴)の記事を複製、再配布したものにあたり、GNU Free Documentation Licenseというライセンスの下で提供されています。 Weblio辞書に掲載されているウィキペディアの記事も、全てGNU Free Documentation Licenseの元に提供されております。

©2024 GRAS Group, Inc.RSS