c-Fos
出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 (2023/01/01 08:08 UTC 版)
構造と機能
c-Fosは380アミノ酸のタンパク質であり、二量体化のための塩基性ロイシンジッパー領域、C末端にDNA結合・トランス活性化ドメインを持ち、Junタンパク質と同様にホモ二量体を形成することもできる[9]。In vitroでの研究では、Jun-Fosヘテロ二量体はJun-Junホモ二量体より安定で、より強いDNA結合活性を持つことが示されている[10]。
血清、成長因子、発がんプロモーター、サイトカイン、UV照射など、さまざまな刺激がc-Fosの発現を誘導する。c-FosのmRNAとタンパク質はこうした刺激に応答して最初に発現するため、最初期遺伝子と呼ばれている。誘導は迅速かつ一過的であり、刺激後15分以内に行われる[11]。c-Fosの活性は翻訳後修飾によっても調節されており、MAPK、CDC2、PKA、PKCなどさまざまなキナーゼによってリン酸化が行われる。こうした修飾はタンパク質の安定性、DNA結合活性、転写因子のトランス活性化能に影響を与える[12][13][14]。c-Fosは遺伝子の活性化も抑制も引き起こすが、双方の過程には異なるドメインが関与していると考えられている。
c-Fosは、細胞増殖、分化、生存など重要な細胞イベントに関与している。c-Fosは低酸素や血管新生と関係する遺伝子にも関与しているため、その調節異常は発がんの重要な因子となっている[15]。また、c-Fosは細胞極性の喪失や上皮間葉転換を誘導し、乳腺上皮細胞の浸潤と転移をもたらす[16]。
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000170345 - Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021250 - Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ Human PubMed Reference:
- ^ Mouse PubMed Reference:
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