バヌアツの言語
出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 (2023/04/27 13:25 UTC 版)
参考文献
- Crowley, Terry (2000), “The language situation in Vanuatu”, Current Issues in Language Planning 1 (1): 47–132, doi:10.1080/14664200008668005, オリジナルの2007-09-27時点におけるアーカイブ。 2021年4月1日閲覧。
- François, Alexandre (2012), “The dynamics of linguistic diversity: Egalitarian multilingualism and power imbalance among northern Vanuatu languages”, International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2012 (214): 85–110, doi:10.1515/ijsl-2012-0022.
- François, Alexandre; Franjieh, Michael; Lacrampe, Sébastien; Schnell, Stefan (2015), “The exceptional linguistic density of Vanuatu”, in François, Alexandre; Lacrampe, Sébastien; Franjieh, Michael et al., The Languages of Vanuatu: Unity and Diversity, Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia, Canberra: Asia Pacific Linguistics Open Access, pp. 1–21, ISBN 9781922185235.
- Lynch, John; Crowley, Terry (2001). Languages of Vanuatu: a new survey and bibliography. Pacific linguistics 517. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. doi:10.15144/pl-517. hdl:1885/146135. ISBN 0-85883-469-3
- ^ a b See François et al. (2015:8-9); and also Crowley (2000:50); François (2012:86).
- ^ The estimate is 298,333 for July 2020 (source: “Vanuatu”, CIA World Factbook).
- ^ Nettle, Daniel and Suzanne Romaine (2016). Vanishing Voices: The Extinction of the World's Languages. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 9. ISBN 978-0-19-515246-3
- ^ a b François (2012:104).
- ^ “Vanuatu” – CIA World Factbook.
- ^ “Languages of Vanuatu” – 2013 archive from Ethnologue.
Note: the “current” Ethnologue figure for English first language speakers is sourced from the CIA World Factbook. - ^ David Crystal, The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language, 2003
David Crystal, English as a Global Language, 2003.
Note: Both books are by the same author and use the same source data. Either way, this is the reference Ethnologue uses. Note that Ethnologue arrives at a total figure by adding estimates for L1 and L2 speakers from different years, even though these figures are incomparable due to significant population growth in the intervening period. - ^ Estimation des francophones dans le monde en 2015.
Note: the figures don't quite seem to match, but this is Ethnologue's source. - ^ See François et al. (2015).
- ^ Thus while Tryon (1976) lists 113 separate languages, Lynch & Crowley (2001), using different criteria, propose a lower figure of 88 languages, many of which are dialect continua. See the discussion in François et al. (2015:4-7).
- ^ この表では112言語を挙げる。François et al. (2015:18-21) の138項目掲載リストを参照。
- ^ この表の基となった文献は各個別言語の項目で見られる。
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