銅含有亜硝酸還元酵素
出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 (2022/06/10 04:12 UTC 版)
銅含有亜硝酸還元酵素(どうがんゆうあしょうさんかんげんこうそ、英語: Copper-containing Nitrite Reductase)は補因子として銅イオンを含む 異化型の亜硝酸還元酵素で、亜硝酸イオン(NO2-)を一酸化窒素(NO)へと一電子還元する反応を触媒する酵素である。Copper-containing Nitrite Reductaseを略してCuNIR(カッパ―エヌアイアール)と呼ばれることが多い。本酵素の構造遺伝子であるnirKは水中や土壌中の窒素酸化物を分子状窒素(N2)へと段階的に還元する脱窒に関わる古細菌、真正細菌および一部の菌類に広く存在する[1][2]。脱窒自体は嫌気呼吸の1つであり、nirKを持つ生物の多くは通性嫌気性生物である。脱窒過程の最初の段階である硝酸塩の還元を触媒する硝酸塩還元酵素は多くの生物が有する酵素であるが、次の段階を触媒する異化型の亜硝酸還元酵素を持つ生物は限られており、酸素の少ない環境下では脱窒菌がエネルギー合成上有利なため、このような代謝系が進化してきたものと考えられている。
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- 1 銅含有亜硝酸還元酵素とは
- 2 銅含有亜硝酸還元酵素の概要
- 3 分類と進化
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