RNA誘導サイレンシング複合体とは - わかりやすく解説 Weblio辞書

RNA誘導サイレンシング複合体

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 (2023/12/10 02:38 UTC 版)

RNA誘導サイレンシング複合体（RNAゆうどうサイレンシングふくごうたい、英: RNA-induced silencing complex、略称: RISC）は、タンパク質複合体、リボヌクレオタンパク質であり、転写や翻訳段階においてさまざまな経路を介して遺伝子サイレンシングを行う機能を持つ^[1]。RISCはmiRNAなどの一本鎖RNA断片や二本鎖のsiRNAを利用して、遺伝子調節の重要なツールとして機能する^[2]。RNAの一本鎖はRISCが相補的なmRNA転写産物を認識する際の鋳型として機能し、相補的なmRNAが見つかると、RISCを構成するタンパク質の1つであるArgonauteがmRNAを切断する。この過程はRNA干渉（RNAi）と呼ばれ、多くの真核生物でみられる。RNAiは二本鎖RNA（dsRNA）の存在によって開始されるため、ウイルス感染に対する防御の重要な過程として機能する^[1]^[3]^[4]。

出典

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