コドン
(遺伝子暗号 から転送)
出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 (2023/09/19 01:14 UTC 版)
コドン（英: codon）とは、核酸の塩基配列が、タンパク質を構成するアミノ酸配列へと生体内で翻訳されるときの、各アミノ酸に対応する3つの塩基配列のことで、特に、mRNAの塩基配列を指す。DNAの配列において、ヌクレオチド3個の塩基の組み合わせであるトリプレットが、1個のアミノ酸を指定する対応関係が存在する。この関係は、遺伝暗号、遺伝コード（英: genetic code）等と呼ばれる。
注釈
- ^ コドンAUGにはメチオニンに対するコードとしての働きと翻訳開始位置としての働きがある。mRNAのコード領域において初めてAUGが現れるとタンパク質への翻訳が開始される。
出典
- ^ Crick FH, Barnett L, Brenner S, Watts-Tobin RJ. 1961. General nature of the genetic code for proteins. Nature 192:1227-32.
- ^ Nirenberg MW, Matthaei JH. 1961. The dependence of cell-free protein synthesis in E. coli upon naturally occurring or synthetic polyribonucleotides. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 47:1588-602.
- ^ How nonsense mutations got their names
- ^ Yang et al. 1990. In Reaction Centers of Photosynthetic Bacteria. M.-E. Michel-Beyerle. (Ed.) (Springer-Verlag, Germany) 209-218
- ^ Genetic Algorithms and Recursive Ensemble Mutagenesis in Protein Engineering http://www.complexity.org.au/ci/vol01/fullen01/html/
- ^ Crick, F. H. C. and Orgel, L. E. (1973) "Directed panspermia." Icarus 19:341-346. p. 344: "It is a little surprising that organisms with somewhat different codes do not coexist." (Further discussion at [1])
- ^ a b c NCBI: "The Genetic Codes", Compiled by Andrzej (Anjay) Elzanowski and Jim Ostell
- ^ Jukes TH, Osawa S, The genetic code in mitochondria and chloroplasts., Experientia. 1990 Dec 1;46(11-12):1117-26.
- ^ De Pouplana, L.R.; Turner, R.J.; Steer, B.A.; Schimmel, P. (1998). “Genetic code origins: tRNAs older than their synthetases?”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 95 (19): 11295. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.19.11295. PMID 9736730.
- ^ Freeland SJ, Hurst LD (September 1998). “The genetic code is one in a million”. J. Mol. Evol. 47 (3): 238--48. doi:10.1007/PL00006381. PMID 9732450.
- ^ Taylor FJ, Coates D (1989). “The code within the codons”. BioSystems 22 (3): 177--87. doi:10.1016/0303-2647(89)90059-2. PMID 2650752.
- ^ Di Giulio M (October 1989). “The extension reached by the minimization of the polarity distances during the evolution of the genetic code”. J. Mol. Evol. 29 (4): 288--93. doi:10.1007/BF02103616. PMID 2514270.
- ^ Wong JT (February 1980). “Role of minimization of chemical distances between amino acids in the evolution of the genetic code”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77 (2): 1083--6. doi:10.1073/pnas.77.2.1083. PMID 6928661.
- ^ Knight, R.D.; Freeland S. J. and Landweber, L.F. (1999) The 3 Faces of the Genetic Code. Trends in the Biochemical Sciences 24(6), 241-247.
- ^ Knight, R.D. and Landweber, L.F. (1998). Rhyme or reason: RNA-arginine interactions and the genetic code.
- ^ Brooks, Dawn J.; Fresco, Jacques R.; Lesk, Arthur M.; and Singh, Mona. (2002). Evolution of Amino Acid Frequencies in Proteins Over Deep Time: Inferred Order of Introduction of Amino Acids into the Genetic Code. Molecular Biology and Evolution 19, 1645-1655.
- ^ Amirnovin R. (1997) An analysis of the metabolic theory of the origin of the genetic code. Journal of Molecular Evolution 44(5), 473-6.
- ^ Ronneberg T.A.; Landweber L.F. and Freeland S.J. (2000) Testing a biosynthetic theory of the genetic code: Fact or artifact? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 97(25), 13690-13695.
- ^ Moosmann, Bernd; Irimie, Florin-Dan; Toşa, Monica Ioana; Hajieva, Parvana; Granold, Matthias (2018-01-02). “Modern diversification of the amino acid repertoire driven by oxygen” (英語). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115 (1): 41–46. doi:10.1073/pnas.1717100115. ISSN 1091-6490. PMC 5776824. PMID 29259120.
- ^ Freeland S.J.; Wu T. and Keulmann N. (2003) The Case for an Error Minimizing Genetic Code. Orig Life Evol Biosph. 33(4-5), 457-77.
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