水晶振動子マイクロバランスとは - わかりやすく解説 Weblio辞書

水晶振動子マイクロバランス

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 (2024/04/18 00:26 UTC 版)

水晶振動子マイクロバランス（すいしょうしんどうしマイクロバランス、quartz crystal microbalance: QCM 、または quartz microbalance: QMB、quartz crystal nanobalance: QCN）は、水晶振動子の周波数変化を測定することで、単位面積当たりの質量変動を測定する装置である。振動子表面での酸化物の増減や薄膜の堆積により質量が微小に増減すると、振動子の周波数が変化する。QCMは真空下、気相中（「ガスセンサー」としてKingが初の使用を報告^[1]）、最近では液体環境でも使用される。真空中の薄膜堆積システムでは堆積速度のモニタリングに使用できる。液体中では、分子（特にタンパク質）と、その分子を認識できる官能基を付加した表面との間に起こる親和性の強さを効果的に測定できる。ウイルスや高分子などの大きな分子体の研究にも使用される。QCMは生体分子間の相互作用研究にも使用されている。周波数は高精度で測定できるため、1 μg/cm²未満の質量密度も容易に測定できる。周波数そのものの測定に加え、振動子の周波数変化の幅に相当する散逸率を測定して解析に用いることもある。散逸率は、振動のQ値の逆数であり、 $Q -1 = ω / f r$ である。これは系の振動減衰を定量化するものであり、試料の粘弾性特性と関連する。

脚注

^ 不均質な試料は、一般的には音響波の散乱を引き起こし、平均応力を計算するだけでは捉えることは出来ない.

参考文献

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