イーダ・ノダック
出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 (2022/03/22 06:47 UTC 版)
イーダ・ノダック（Ida Noddack、1896年2月25日 - 1978年9月24日）は、ドイツの化学者、物理学者。1934年、のちに核分裂という名前がつけられる考えに初めて言及した[3]。夫のワルター・ノダックとオットー・ベルグとともに元素75であるレニウムを発見した。ノーベル化学賞の候補に3度なっている[4]。旧姓タッケ(Tacke)。イーダ・タッケとも呼ばれる。
- ^ a b c d e Habashi, Fathi (1 March 2009). “Ida Noddack and the missing elements”. Education in Chemistry (王立化学会) 46 (2): 48–51 2018年1月29日閲覧。.
- ^ a b “Ida Tacke Noddack”. Contributions of 20th Century Women to Physics. UCLA. 2013年3月11日閲覧。
- ^ “Tacke, Ida Eva”. University of Alabama Astronomy Program. 2013年3月11日閲覧。
- ^ Noddack was also awarded the German Chemical Society's prestigious Liebig Medal in 1931 along with her husband. In 1934, they received the Scheele Medal of the Swedish Chemical Society and in the same year they secured yet another German patent, for rhenium concentrate. Crawford, E. (May 20, 2002). The Nobel Population 1901-1950: A Census of the Nominations and Nominees for the Prizes in Physics and Chemistry. pp. 278, 279, 283, 284, 292, 293, 300, 301
- ^ Annette Lykknes, Donald L. Opitz, and Brigitte Van Tiggelen, eds., For Better or for Worse? Collaborative Couples in Science (n.p.: Springer Basel, 2012), 105.
- ^ a b Lykknes, Opitz, and Van Tiggelen, For Better, 105
- ^ a b c d e f g h Gildo Magalhäes Santos, "A tale of oblivion: Ida Noddack and the 'universal abundance' of matter", Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 68 (2014): 374.
- ^ Gregersen, Erik. "Ida Noddack". Encyclopædia Britannica.
- ^ For better or for worse? : collaborative couples in the sciences (1st ed.). [Basel]: Birkhäuser. ISBN 978-3-0348-0285-7
- ^ Noddack, Ida (1934). Über das Element 93. Angewandte Chemie. 47(37): 653-655. (On Element 93).
- ^ B. Fernandez and Georges Ripka, Unravelling the Mystery of the Atomic Nucleus: A Sixty Year Journey 1896-1956 (New York, NY: Springer, 2013), 352, Google Books.
- ^ Miriam Grobman, "Ida and the Atom, 1934", Medium, last modified March 9, 2016, accessed May 15, 2018.
- ^ FERMI, E. (1934). “Possible Production of Elements of Atomic Number Higher than 92”. Nature 133 (3372): 898–899. Bibcode: 1934Natur.133..898F. doi:10.1038/133898a0.
- ^ Noddack, Ida (September 1934). “On Element 93”. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Chemie 47 (37): 653. doi:10.1002/ange.19340473707. English Translation. 2007-02-05時点におけるアーカイブ。. エラー:
|archivedate=を指定した場合、|archiveurl=の指定が必要です。. - ^ Joliot-Curie, Irène; Savić, Pavle (1938). “On the Nature of a Radioactive Element with 3.5-Hour Half-Life Produced in the Neutron Irradiation of Uranium”. Comptes Rendus 208 (906): 1643.
- ^ Translation in American Journal of Physics, January 1964, p. 9-15O. Hahn; F. Strassmann (January 1939). “Concerning the Existence of Alkaline Earth Metals Resulting from Neutron Irradiation of Uranium” (English Translation). Die Naturwissenschaften 27 (1): 11–15. Bibcode: 1939NW.....27...11H. doi:10.1007/BF01488241. 2007-02-05時点におけるアーカイブ。. エラー:
|archivedate=を指定した場合、|archiveurl=の指定が必要です。. - ^ Bohr, N (1936). “Neutron capture and nuclear constitution”. Nature 137 (3461): 344. Bibcode: 1936Natur.137..344B. doi:10.1038/137344a0.
- ^ Bohr N.; Kalckar F. (1937). “On the Transmutation of Atomic Nuclei by Impact of Material Particles. I. General theoretical remarks”. Matematisk-Fysiske Meddelelser Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab 14 (Nr. 10): 1.
- ^ “Report Of The Third Washington Conference On Theoretical Physics”. President's Papers/RG0002; Office of Public Relations. (March 12, 1937). May 2, 2007時点におけるアーカイブ。. エラー:
|archivedate=を指定した場合、|archiveurl=の指定が必要です。 2007年4月1日閲覧。. - ^ Lise Meitner, Otto Robert Frisch (Feb 11, 1939). “Disintegration of Uranium by Neutrons: a New Type of Nuclear Reaction”. Nature 143 (5218): 239–240. Bibcode: 1969Natur.224..466M. doi:10.1038/224466a0. April 18, 2008時点におけるアーカイブ。. エラー:
|archivedate=を指定した場合、|archiveurl=の指定が必要です。. - ^ Otto Robert Frisch (Feb 18, 1939). “Physical Evidence for the Division of Heavy Nuclei under Neutron Bombardment”. Nature 143 (3616): 276. Bibcode: 1939Natur.143..276F. doi:10.1038/143276a0. January 23, 2009時点におけるアーカイブ。. エラー:
|archivedate=を指定した場合、|archiveurl=の指定が必要です。. - ^ Niels Bohr (Feb 25, 1939). “Disintegration of Heavy Nuclei”. Nature 143 (3617): 330. Bibcode: 1939Natur.143..330B. doi:10.1038/143330a0. 2005-03-24時点におけるアーカイブ。. エラー:
|archivedate=を指定した場合、|archiveurl=の指定が必要です。. - ^ Kenna, B. T.; Kuroda, P. K. (December 1961). “Isolation of naturally occurring technetium”. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry 23 (1–2): 142–144. doi:10.1016/0022-1902(61)80098-5.
- ^ By reanalysing the original experimental conditions, we conclude that the detection limit for their observing the X-rays of Z = 43 can be 1000 times lower than the 10−9 detection limit for the element Z = 75. Pieter H. M. Van Assche (4 April 1988). “The ignored discovery of the element-Z=43”. Nuclear Physics A 480 (2): 205–214. Bibcode: 1988NuPhA.480..205V. doi:10.1016/0375-9474(88)90393-4.
- ^ "I simulated the X-ray spectra that would be expected for Van Assche's initial estimates of the Noddacks' residue compositions. ...Over the next couple of years, we refined our reconstruction of their analytical methods and performed more sophisticated simulations. The agreement between simulated and reported spectra improved further. " Armstrong, John T. (February 2003). “Technetium”. Chemical & Engineering News 81 (36): 110. doi:10.1021/cen-v081n036.p110.
- ^ Günter Herrmann (11 December 1989). “Technetium or masurium — a comment on the history of element 43”. Nuclear Physics A 505 (2): 352–360. Bibcode: 1989NuPhA.505..352H. doi:10.1016/0375-9474(89)90379-5.
- ^ Habashi, F. (2005). Ida Noddack (1896-1978):Personal Recollections on the Occasion of 80th Anniversary of the Discovery of Rhenium. Québec City, Canada: Métallurgie Extractive Québec. p. 59. ISBN 978-2-922686-08-1
- ^ Abstract: A careful study of the history of the element 43 covering a period of 63 years since 1925 reveals that there is no reason for believing the Noddacks and Berg have discovered element 43.P. K. Kuroda (16 October 1989). “A Note on the Discovery of Technetium”. Nuclear Physics A 503 (1): 178–182. Bibcode: 1989NuPhA.503..178K. doi:10.1016/0375-9474(89)90260-1.
- ^ P. K. Kuroda (1982). The Origin of Chemical Elements and the Oklo Phenomenon. Berlin;New York:Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-0-387-11679-2
- ^ Noddack, W.; Tacke, I.; Berg, O (1925). “Die Ekamangane”. Naturwissenschaften 13 (26): 567–574. Bibcode: 1925NW.....13..567.. doi:10.1007/BF01558746.
- ^ ... P. H. Van Assche and J. T. Armstrong, cannot stand up to the well-documented assertion of the well-established physicist Paul K. Kuroda (1917 2001) in his paper, "A Note on the Discovery of Technetium" that the Noddacks did not discover technetium, then known as masurium. More about this matter can be found in Kuroda's book, The Origin of Chemical Elements and the Oklo Phenomenon, and the book Ida Noddack (1896 1978). Personal Recollections on the Occasion of 80th Anniversary of the Discovery of Rhenium recently published by the writer...Fathi Habashi
- Since the publication in this Journal of my paper on the discovery of element 43 (1), I have received a few letters questioning the correctness of the next to last paragraph, in the section entitled Nemesis....
- Zingales, R. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 221227
- ^ Masataka Ogawa's discovery of nipponium was accepted once in the periodic table of chemical elements as the element 43, but disappeared later. However, nipponium clearly shows characteristics of rhenium (Z=75) by inspection of his papers from the modern chemical viewpoints...a record of X-ray spectrum of Ogawa's nipponium sample from thorianite was contained in a photographic plate reserved by his family. The spectrum was read and indicated the absence of the element 43 and the presence of the element 75H. K. Yoshihara (31 August 2004). “Discovery of a new element 'nipponium': re-evaluation of pioneering works of Masataka Ogawa and his son Eijiro Ogawa”. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy 59 (8): 1305–1310. Bibcode: 2004AcSpe..59.1305Y. doi:10.1016/j.sab.2003.12.027.
- ^ In a recent evaluation of the discovery of "nipponium," supposed to be element 43 by Masataka Ogawa in 1908, and confirmed but not published by his son Eijiro in the 1940s, Kenji Yoshihara remeasured a photographic plate of an X-ray spectrum taken by Ogawa and found the spectral lines were those of rhenium. Thus actually, rhenium was discovered many years before Noddack, Tacke, and Berg's work.H. Kenji Yoshihra; Teiji Kobayashi; Masanori Kaji (November 2005). “Ogawa Family and Their'Nipponium' Research: Successful Separation of the Element 75 before Its Discovery by Noddacks”. Historia Scientiarum 15 (2).
- ^ Element 75 was isolated in 1908 by the Japanese chemist Masataka Ogawa and named nipponium. He inadequately assigned it[要説明] as element 43 (technetium). From the modern chemical viewpoint it has to be considered to be element 75. Peter van der Krogt. “75 Rhenium”. Elementymology & Elements Multidict. 2007年4月3日閲覧。
- ^ Crawford, E. (May 20, 2002). The Nobel Population 1901-1950: A Census of the Nominations and Nominees for the Prizes in Physics and Chemistry. pp. 278, 279, 283, 284, 292, 293, 300, 301
[続きの解説]
「イーダ・ノダック」の続きの解説一覧
- 1 イーダ・ノダックとは
- 2 イーダ・ノダックの概要
- 3 元素の発見
- 4 顕著な推薦と受賞
- 5 外部リンク
- イーダ・ノダックのページへのリンク
