Battle of Vercellae
101 BC Battle of Vercellae: Roman army under Gaius Marius defeats the Cimbri in Cisalpine Gaul, ending the Celto-Germanic threat on Italy's border with over 100,000 Cimbri killed
Baghdad Founded
762 City of Baghdad founded by Abbasid caliph Al-Mansur, just north of ancient Baghdad
King Frederick I
1178 Frederick I Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor, crowned King of Burgundy
- 1419 First defenestration of Prague: anti-Catholic Hussites, followers of executed reformer Jan Hus, storm Prague town hall and throw the judge, mayor and several city council members out the windows. They die in the fall or killed by crowd outside.
- 1537 Resistant of Bomy: French Dutch cease fire
- 1538 St Augustine's Abbey, one of the most important monasteries in England, is dissolved - its Abbot John Essex and 30 monks leave voluntarily, before it is ransacked [1]
- 1601 Spanish garrison of Rhine birch surrenders to Earl Mauritius
- 1618 Prince Maurits' troops pull into Utrecht
- 1619 House of Burgesses Virginia forms, 1st elective American governing body
- 1650 William II of Orange occupies Amsterdam
Grand Pensionary Johan de Witt
1653 Johan de Witt sworn in as the Grand Pensionary of Holland
- 1655 Dutch troops occupy Fort Assahudi Seram
- 1656 Battle of Warsaw: Swedish King Charles X Gustav beats Polish-Lithuanian King Jan II Casimir and re-occupies Warsaw
- 1678 English troops land in Flanders
- 1715 Spanish gold and silver fleet disappears off St Lucie, Florida
- 1729 City of Baltimore founded
- 1733 Society of Freemasons opens 1st American lodge in Boston
- 1739 Caspar Wistar begins glass manufacturing in Allowaystown, New Jersey
- 1756 Bartolomeo Rastrelli presents the newly-built Catherine Palace to Empress Elizabeth and her courtiers in Russia
Cook Returns to England
1775 Captain James Cook with HMS Resolution safely returns to England at the end of his second voyage
- 1792 500 Marseillaisian men sing France's national anthem for 1st time
- 1809 British armed force of 39,000 lands in Walcheren
- 1811 Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, leader of the Mexican insurgency, is executed after being found guilty of treason by the Spanish military in Chihuahua, Mexico
- 1822 James Varick becomes 1st bishop of African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church
Music History
1824 Italian composer Gioachino Rossini becomes manager of Theatre Italian in Paris, France
- 1825 Malden Island is discovered in the central Pacific by British warship HMS Blonde
- 1826 Java prince Dipo Negoro surprise attacks Dutch colony, 82 killed
- 1836 First English language newspaper published in Hawaii
- 1844 1st US yacht club - NY Yacht Club organized by John Cox Stevens and 8 friends aboard the Gimcrack
- 1863 Indian Wars: Chief Pocatello of the Shoshone tribe signs the Treaty of Box Elder, promising to stop harassing the emigrant trails in southern Idaho and northern Utah
"Eye-for-Eye" Order
1863 President Abraham Lincoln issues "eye-for-eye" order to shoot a rebel prisoner for every black prisoner shot
- 1864 Battle of Chambersburg, Pennsylvania - burned by Union forces under McCausland
Battle of Interest
1864 US Civil War, Siege of Petersburg: Union General Ambrose Burnside fails in an attack on Petersburg, Virginia, in the Battle of the Crater
- 1865 Pope Pius IX visits Suriname
- 1866 New Orleans's Democratic government orders police to raid an integrated Republican Party meeting, killing 40 people and injuring 150
- 1869 The Charles, considered the world’s first "oil tanker", departs from the United States headed for Europe with a bulk capacity of 7,000 barrels of oil
- 1870 Staten Island ferry "Westfield" burns, killing 100
- 1870 The Republic of Klipdrift is proclaimed by Transvaal President Andries Pretorius after the discovery of diamonds in South Africa in 1866 resulted in a flood of treasure hunters; ownership of the diamond fields was contested by the Boer republics
- 1872 Mahlon Loomis patents wireless telegraphy
- 1874 1st baseball teams to play outside US, Boston-Philadelphia in British Isles
- 1878 German anti-semitism begins during the Reichstag election
- 1884 Nonpareil Dempsey [John Edward Kelly] fights George Fulljames, possibly the 1st middleweight fight with boxing gloves
- 1900 British Parliament passes several progressive social acts: a Mines Act, a Workmen's Compensation Act and a Railway Act
- 1902 Anti-Jewish rioters attack funeral procession of Rabbi Joseph (NYC)
- 1905 Dutch Covenant of Worker's union, NVV, forms
- 1907 Russia and Japan sign an agreement guaranteeing freedom of China while recognizing each other's special interests
- 1907 Starting today, the French bombard Casablanca and land troops to occupy the Atlantic-coast region of Morocco after attacks on foreigners
- 1907 The Filipinos elect their first legislature; it will meet on 16 October
- 1908 Around the World Automobile Race ends in Paris
- 1909 French chemist Eugène Schueller founds L'Oréal with his new range of hair dyes
- 1909 John Heyder becomes president of baseball's National League
- 1913 Conclusion of the Second Balkan War
General Mobilization
1914 After initial reluctance, Tsar Nicholas II of Russia is persuaded to decree a general mobilization in response to Austria-Hungary's mobilization a few days earlier; 'Think of the thousands and thousands of men who will be sent to their deaths!' he claims
- 1914 French troops withdraw 10 km from German border
John French Takes Command
1914 John French appointed Commander-in-Chief of the British Expeditionary Force
- 1916 German saboteurs blow up a munitions plant on Black Tom Island, New Jersey
- 1917 Board of Commissioners of Cleveland Metroparks has its 1st meeting
- 1921 The Communist Party of South Africa (CPSA) forms; the party changed its name to the South African Communist Party (SACP) in 1953, after it had been forced underground
- 1923 New Zealand claims Ross Dependency in Antarctica
- 1926 Albanian boundaries deduced
Color Motion Pictures
1928 George Eastman shows first amateur color motion pictures to guests at his New York house including Thomas Edison
- 1930 1st broadcast of "Death Valley Days" on NBC-radio
- 1930 1st FIFA World Cup Final, Estadio Centenario, Montevideo, Uruguay: Uruguay beats Argentina, 4-2 in the inaugural event
- 1932 X Summer Olympic Games open in Los Angeles, California
- 1935 1st Penguin book is published, starting the paperback revolution
- 1937 Phillies Dolph Camilli, plays 1st base and registers no put outs
- 1937 Russian Politburo issues NKVD Order no. 00447, to repress former kulak and anti-soviets, 269,100 to be arrested, 76,000 to be shot. Part of the Great Purge.
- 1941 German occupiers forbid SDAP, VDB, ARP, RKSP, CHU & SGP in Netherlands
- 1942 German occupiers set night curfew on Jews in Netherlands
- 1942 German SS kills 25,000 Jews in Minsk, Belorussia
- 1943 US 45th Infantry division occupies San Stefano
- 1944 WWII: US 30th division reaches the suburbs of Saint-Lô, Normandy with heavy battles also occurring at Tessy-sur-Vire and Villebaudon
Sinking of the USS Indianapolis
1945 After delivering the Atomic Bomb across the Pacific, the cruiser USS Indianapolis is torpedoed and sunk by Japanese submarine I-58. 880 of the crew died, many after being attacked by sharks, the inspiration for the movie Jaws.
Olympic Games
1948 Czech distance running legend Emil Zátopek wins the 10,000m at the London Olympics in 29:59.6, an Olympic record
- 1948 Professional wrestling premieres on US prime-time TV (DuMont Network)
- 1949 British warship HMS Amethyst escapes down Yangtze River, having been refused a safe passage by Chinese Communists after 3-month standoff
Music History
1954 Elvis Presley joins the Memphis Federation of Musicians, Local 71
- 1956 US motto "In God We Trust" authorized
Sports History
1959 In his MLB debut, SF Giants future Baseball Hall of Fame first baseman Willie McCovey goes 4-for-4 in a 7-2 win over Philadelphia Phillies at Seal Stadium
- 1960 1st AFL preseason game Boston Patriots defeat Bills in Buffalo (28-7)
Music History
1963 American singer Barbra Streisand opens for pianist Liberace at the International Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada
Event of Interest
1963 British spy Kim Philby found in Moscow
- 1964 US naval fire on Hon Ngu/Hon Mo, North Vietnam
Music History
1965 Charles Ives' "From the Steeples & the Mountains" premieres
Music History
1965 Duke Ellington's "Golden Brown & the Green Apple" premieres
- 1965 Milwaukee manager Bobby Bragan says his pitchers threw 75 to 80 spitballs in a 9-2 loss to the Giants
- 1966 Beatles' "Yesterday... & Today" album goes #1 & stays #1 for 5 weeks
- 1966 FIFA World Cup Final, Wembley Stadium, London, England: Striker Geoff Hurst scores a hat trick as England beats West Germany, 4-2 after extra time
- 1966 US airplanes bomb the demilitarized zone between North and South Vietnam
- 1967 Race riot in Milwaukee (4 killed)
- 1968 Washington shortstop Ron Hansen makes 8th unassisted triple-play in MLB history and first in 41 years as Senators lose, 10-1 to Cleveland Indians
- 1969 Astros Denis Menke and Jim Wynn hit grandslams in 9th inn vs Mets
- 1969 KAEC TV channel 19 in Lufkin, Texas (ABC) begins broadcasting
- 1970 -Aug 5] Hurricane Celia, kills 31 in Cuba, Florida and Texas
- 1970 30,000 arrive to attend Powder Ridge Rock Festival, Middlefield, Connecticut, despite it having been cancelled due to local residents opposition
- 1970 Riots hit Belfast, North Ireland
- 1971 38th NFL Chicago All Star Game: Baltimore 24, All Stars 17 (52,289)
- 1971 All Nippon Airways Flight 58 collides with a Japan Air Self-Defense Force F-86F near Shizukuishi, Japan, killing all 162 aboard the Boing 727
Bangladesh
1971 George Harrison releases single "Bangladesh"
- 1971 US Apollo 15 (Scott & Irwin) lands on Mare Imbrium on the Moon
- 1973 Texas Rangers Jim Bibby no-hits 1st-place Oakland, 6-0
- 1974 House Judiciary Committee votes on 3rd & last charge of "high crimes & misdemeanors" to impeach President Nixon in the Watergate cover-up
- 1975 Murtala Mohammed overthrows General Gowon to become Nigerian Head of State
- 1975 Simon Gray's "Otherwise Engaged" premieres in London
- 1975 US Teamsters President Jimmy Hoffa disappears in suburban Detroit; Hoffa legally declared dead in 1982
- 1976 4 Protestant civilians were shot dead at a pub off Milltown Road, Belfast; the attack was claimed by the Republican Action Force
Olympic Gold
1976 Future TV personality ('Keeping Up with the Kardashians') and transgender figure, Bruce Jenner (now Caitlin Jenner) sets WR 8,618 points to win decathlon gold at Montreal Olympics
- 1976 Giulio Andreotti sworn in as premier of Italy for the 2nd time
- 1976 Japanese beat Russian for Olympic gold in woman's volleyball
- 1978 Expos crush Braves, 19-0, collecting 28 hits & NL-record-tying 8 HRs
- 1980 American swimmers Mary T Meagher (2.06.37) and Craig Beardsley (1.58.21) both set 200m butterfly world records at the US National Swimming Championships at Irvine, California
- 1980 Houston Astros pitcher J. R. Richard suffers a stroke and collapses while playing a game of catch before an Astros game, ending his career
- 1980 Vanuatu (New Hebrides) gains independence from Britain & France
- 1981 Belgian Senate accept laws against racism
- 1981 Simon Gray's play "Quartermaine's Terms" premieres in London
- 1981 UN Nations Human Rights Commission rules Canada violated International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights in case of Wolastoqiyik woman Sandra Lovelace who lost her status through marriage [1]
- 1982 Atlanta Braves remove Chief Noc-A-Homa to make room for more seats
- 1982 USSR performs underground nuclear Test
- 1983 Official speed record for a piston-driven aircraft, 832 kph, California
- 1983 Weight lifter Sergei Didyk of USSR jerks a record 261 kg
- 1984 Alvenus tanker at Cameron Louisiana, spills 2.8 million gallons of oil
- 1984 Holly Roffey aged 11 days is the youngest ever to receive a heart transplant
- 1984 Soap Opera "Santa Barbara" premieres on NBC TV
- 1985 Discovery moves to Vehicle Assembly Building at Kennedy Space Center (Florida) for mating of STS 51-I mission
- 1985 Valerie Lowrance, of Texas, 18, crowned America's Junior Miss
- 1987 An ANC car bomb directed at the headquarters of the Wits Command in Johannesburg South Africa kills 1 person and injures 68
- 1988 ArenaBowl II, Allstate Arena, Rosemount, Illinois: Detroit Drive beats Chicago Bruisers 24-13, Steve Griffin MVP
- 1988 Cincinnati Reds pitcher John Franco sets a record of 13 saves in 1 month
- 1988 Harry Drake shoots arrow record 1873m
- 1988 Jordanian King Hussein renounces sovereignty over West Bank to the PLO, hours after dissolving Jordan's House of Representatives [1]
- 1988 MLB Pitcher John Franco saves a record 13th game during the month of July
- 1988 Ronald J Dossenbach begins world record ride, pedaling across Canada from Vancouver to Halifax (13 days, 15 hr, 4 min)
- 1989 Chile amends its constitution
- 1990 Five Bank of Credit & Commerce members found guilty of money laundering
Sports History
1990 George Steinbrenner is forced by Commissioner of Baseball Fay Vincent to resign as principal partner of NY Yankees
Sports History
1990 Graham Gooch scores 123 v India to follow up 1st innings 333
- 1990 Soldiers opens fire on worshippers in Monrovian church, 200-600 die
- 1990 The first Saturn automobile rolls off the assembly line.
- 1991 MTV announces it will split into 3 channels in 1993
- 1991 Red Sox Carlos Quintana is 11th to get 6 RBIs in an inning (3rd)
- 1992 Lin Li swims female world record/OR 200m medley (2:11.65)
- 1992 Yael Arad becomes Israel's first ever Olympic medalist when she wins silver in the women's 61kg judo in Barcelona; 20th anniversary of Munich massacre and 500th anniversary of Alhambra Decree
- 1994 Record 103.8°F (39.9°C) in Preschen Lausitz Germany
- 1995 Dominic Cork takes hat-trick in England Test Cricket win v West Indies at Old Trafford
Baseball Hall of Fame
1995 Richie Ashburn and Mike Schmidt enter baseball's Hall of Fame
The Rising
2002 Columbia Records releases Bruce Springsteen's 12th studio album "The Rising", his first new record with the E Street Band since 1985 tops the charts in 7 countries
Event of Interest
2002 The accounting law referred to as "The Sarbanes Oxley Act" signed into law by President George W. Bush
Volkswagen Beetle
2003 The last 'old style' Volkswagen Beetle rolls off the assembly line in Mexico
- 2006 Bruce Sutter, relief pitcher for Cubs, Cardinals, and Braves, inducted into MLB Hall of Fame, in Cooperstown, New York
- 2006 World's longest running music show "Top of the Pops" is broadcast for the last time on BBC Two. The show aired for 42 years.
- 2009 A bomb explodes in Palma Nova, Mallorca, killing 2 police officers. Basque separatist group ETA is believed to be responsible.
- 2012 General Motors (Chevrolet) sign a record breaking 7 year $559 million sponsorship deal with EPL club Manchester United
- 2012 Indian power grid failure leaves over 300 million without electricity
- 2012 Train fire kills 32 and injures 27 people in Andhra Pradesh, India
- 2013 134 people are killed in tribal conflicts in Darfyr, Sudan
- 2013 28 people are killed in a series of bombings in Kano, Nigeria
- 2013 9 children are killed and 20 are injured after a school bus collides with a truck in Hanumangarh, India
- 2013 Mamnoon Hussain is elected President of Pakistan
- 2013 Wikileaks discloser Bradley [later Chelsea] Manning convicted of 17 espionage charges
- 2014 Death toll in Gaza reaches 1,346, while 56 Israeli soldiers and 3 civilians have been killed
- 2014 The EU and US extend sanctions on Russia to include banks, energy, and defense firms; Moscow denies the allegation that Russia is arming rebels in Eastern Ukraine
- 2015 In Bandar Mahshahr, Iran, the temperature reaches 46C (109F), humidity makes it feel like 73C
- 2016 Air balloon crashes into power lines near Lockhart, Texas, killing all 16 on board
- 2017 15 people killed in gunfights with Philippine police, including Reynaldo Parojinog, mayor of Ozamiz in an anti-drug trafficking operation
- 2017 1st centenary of WWI Battle of Passchendaele marked at ceremony at Menin Gate in Ypres, Belgium
Event of Interest
2017 China's President Xi Jinping heads 12,000 troop parade at Zhurihe training base, Inner Mongolia marking 90 years since founding of the People's Liberation Army
- 2017 Hackers reveal they have stolen data from HBO, including episodes and scripts of Games of Thrones
Event of Interest
2017 Russian President Vladimir Putin announces American diplomats in Russia cut by 755 in response to American sanctions
- 2017 Venezuelan voting for a new assembly disrupted by violent protests, at least 3 people killed
- 2018 Australian Catholic Archbishop Philip Wilson resigns after being convicted of concealing sexual abuse
- 2018 British Foreign Secretary Jeremy Hunt mistakenly calls his Chinese-born wife "Japanese" in meeting with his Chinese counterpart in Beijing
- 2018 Four million people excluded from Assam National Register of Citizens in India prompts fears of deportation, loss of citizenship
Flight MH370 Disappears
2018 Official Malaysian investigation into the disappearance of Flight MH370 is unable to determine what happened
Event of Interest
2020 Barack Obama gives the eulogy at the funeral of congressman John Lewis, with former presidents George W. Bush and Bill Clinton at Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta
- 2020 Federal law enforcement officers begin a phased withdrawal from Portland amid criticism of their actions to shut down Black Lives Matter protests
- 2020 NASA launches to Mars its Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter aboard a V 541 rocket from Cape Canaveral, Florida
- 2020 The US economy posts the largest quarterly fall on record with GDP down 9.5% for the 3 months to June 30
- 2021 1 out of 169 Americans employed by Amazon in new figures released by the company. Now US's second largest employer (Walmart the largest employing 1 in 100) [1]
- 2023 Evian Championship Women's Golf, Evian Resort GC: Céline Boutier of France wins her first major title by 6 strokes from Canada's defending champion Brooke Henderson
- 2023 Suspected suicide bomber kills 45 people and injures 135 at a rally for religious political party Jamiat Ulema Islam in Khar, northwestern Pakistan [1]
- 2023 Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelensky warns war is coming back to Russia after a drones attack on Moscow [1]
