Notes

America's first journal of phrenology was founded in 1838 by Nathan Allen, a young medical student. The journal was sold in 1841 to O.S. and L.N. Fowler, who were joined in 1852 by Dr. Samuel R. Wells. The Phrenological Journal carried on its cover the familiar drawing of the human head divided into compartments designating various traits. It made a specialty of analyses of mental characteristics of famous persons, illustrating its articles with portraits. Other features included were physignomy, ethnology, and articles of miscellany. In later years it was largely a health journal. Cf. American periodicals, 1741-1900.