The purpose of this study is to make a part or basic materials on the volley technical guidance by extracting the core techniques of the volley in tennis by arranging the contents of the guidance books published in Japan, and comparing it with experiences of the author’s volley technical guidance.

 Putting the racket ahead in front of both shoulders and making a “Wall” were extracted as a core technique. Among them is included to fix the wrist, and to put a hitting point ahead. It seems that steppinmg forward and trunk-turning are not core techniques because those movements are exercised only when there is time. However, those movements seem to have close relationships to the core technique because they are used for most volleys.

 The core technique obtained from this research might wipe out a sence of weakness as to the volley, and become an index for the acquisition of the volley.

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 The purpose of this paper was to consider a basic concept on the footwork for a ground stroke in tennis.

  The results were as follows:

1)It could be thought that the footwork for a ground stroke was divided into four different aspects - 1. taking a posture against a coming ball, 2. approaching a ball to strike, 3. before or after striking a ball, 4. returning to the ready position.

2)It could be thought that the footwork in approaching a ball to strike was made up of three parts - two strides at the begining, running in the middle, and the last step. 3)As for the footwork before or after striking a ball, it considered to be important to consider the position of the center of gravity in reference to making coordination and adjusting the timing against a ball the opponent stroke. 4)It considered that the footwork before or after striking a ball had an influence not only on the speed of a ball after striking but also on the course of the ball.

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  The purpose of this survey is to obtain some basic articles of information which would be helpful to the activation of the potential amateur tennis players and the popularization of the sport concerned as well.

The number of the subject persons in the survey totaled 728 : male 349, female 374 unknown 5 of the adult participants of both sex belonging to a tennis school in Yokohama. Average age 47.1 SD=11.83. The period of the study between 3 to 9 of the August in 2013.

  The method based on was the unsigned questionnaires filled with the following items and put into the prepared container just after the submission ; ^*where you used to play the year before and ^*with whom usually as well ^*what cue to come to play ^*favorite lesson menu ^*moments to lose appetite to play ^*period more than 3 months, if it was, being absent from and the reason.

  The synopsis of the answers to the above questions ; Most of the answer-givers looked strongly influenced by their friends and family who enjoy playing tennis and also many people have been attracted to the sport through after-school activities, television programs, Manga and animation pictures. They are found of great use unless ignored.

  The interesting replies to the question of what has made the participants feel dull were ; ^*unpleasant atmosphere under games ^*sentiments on less improvement even after repeating exercises ^*difficulty to enjoy tennis because of patchy rallies. Those three were the 3 major reasons of tennis people frustration.

  In order to sustain public interest and to maintain the present population in tennis, it would be vitally important to stimulate the party and persons concerned and even encourage them to construct a welcoming human contacts and then we might be free of negative notions such as bad atmosphere.

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 This study was designed to identify a tennis style especially suitable for Japanese women tennis players. Step work of Japanese top players was compared with the world's top players based on 12kinds of step work classified through personal experience by the authors. The criteria of the analysis were 1)the effectiveness of the classification of stepwork. 2-a) comparison of Japanese top players with the world's top players. 2-b) the difference between won and lost matches. 2-c) progression from junior tennis to senior tennis.

 The main results were as follows:

 1)A characteristic of Japanese top players is the lack of usage of the forehand jumping shot and back hand open stance shot.

 2)japanese top players don't have as many attacking shot as the world'stop players.

 3)The losers use very few kinds of step work for attacking and make manymore unforced errors in basic shots than usual.

 4)The kinds of step work increase from junior tennis to senior tennis.

 5)The players use many more open stance shots on the forehand in senior tennis than they did in junior tennis.

 6)All the players used 12 kinds of step work.

 Using this analysis it was possible to identify characteristics of the players. These results indicate the necessity for Japanese players to create a style that suits them taking footwork and pattern of attack into consideration. This may be possible by using the step work classifcation method designed of this study.

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 The purpose of this study was to clear the cause of unforced errors of two-handed backhand stroke in woman's tennis top player. In order to study causes of unforced errors an interview and movement analysis of two-handed ground strokes carried out.

 Subject was all japan tennis women's champion in 1994, 1997.

 Results of interview, the points of importance for training of two-Handed backhand stroke were shake of racket,timing of movement of the center of gravity, rotation of trunk and utilization of surface reaction force. Causes of unforced errors, were the same points with the points of importance fort raining.

 A view-point of analysis of movement was foot work and swing of racket. Cause of unforced errors were obtained.

1)Unforced errors was a fast the start of forward swing and impact point for swing speed of racket.

2)Unforced errors was a high ratio to horizontal level than the upward on swing line of racket.

3)Unforced errors was a short time to foot of step from an axis of foot.

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 In addition to clarifying the differences between top junior tennis players in Japan and those around the world, based on shot type and frequency in tennis matches, it is the purpose of thiss tudy to obtain basic knowledge about daily technical training for Japanese junior tennis players.

 About Japanese junior tennis players, the main findings of this study are as follows.

1.The service needs work in decreasing body course in 1st and 2nd, and increasing cross-court course from deuce side. They need technical improvement in service especially.

2.It is important to focus on the center theory when returning 1st service and to vary between down-the-line and cross-court returns for 2nd service.

3.When rallying, spray the ball to both sides and center from center; In order to making opponents run and attacking inside of baseline, work on quickening the motions before and after the shot, not just increasing the speed of the shot.

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　今回，男子ジュニア選手において，検診で検出された離断性骨軟骨炎（OCD）に対し，ギプス固定による保存療法を行い，早期に画像が治癒し，復帰した1例を経験したので報告する．症例は13歳の男子ジュニア選手である． 超音波を用いた検診でOCDが検出され，当科を初診した．X線，CT，およびMRI検査にて無症候性の安定型OCDと診断した．右肘痛がないことと本人の希望のため，を継続した．検診後4か月からを休止し，ギプス固定を5週間行った．その後，サーブなどのを徐々に再開したが，日常生活ではスプリント固定を3か月行った．スプリント後3か月の単純X線像で，OCDはほぼ治癒していたため，完全復帰を許可した．検診後1年7か月で，右肘痛なく，パフォーマンスも良好であった．本症例の結果から，無症候性の安定型OCDにはギプスによる保存治療が有効である可能性がある．

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本研究の目的は，ソフトラケットのストリングテンションの違いが打球速度および打球コントロールに及ぼす影響を明らかにすることであった．実験は高校生女子ソフト選手13 名を対象とし，仮想のコートとターゲットエリアを設定して，実打によるパフォーマンステストを行った．テストは，3 条件のストリングテンションの同一ラケットを用いて，ベースライン付近からターゲットエリアにフォアハンドで打球するものとした．その結果，13 名中12 名は低いストリングテンションにおいて最も高い打球速度を記録した．一部の選手には10％以上の打球速度の向上も見られた．また，ストリングテンションが高いと打球が飛びにくくなり，ネットや想定より打球が浅くなる場面が増加する可能性があり，ストリングテンションが低くなると打球がよく飛び，想定より打球が深くなる場面が増加する可能性があることが示唆された．これらの結果から，ストリングテンションの違いは打球速度および打球コントロールに影響を及ぼす可能性が示唆された．

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The Internet, which was developed originally in the academic field among universities in US., is rapidly spreading to business and commercial fields . Application of Internet technology to the sports industry in Japan was investigated through establishing "Internet Tennis Japan" (http://www.tennis-japan.com), which is the first tennis site in Japan. It was found that the originality of the domain name, video clinic, mail exchange program, and displaying excellent foreign sites in Japanese was effective to attract visitors.

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Tennis can be analysed mechanically just as the movement of objects.
(1) Calculation of acceleration;
The locus of the center of gravity of a whole body and that of the center of gravity of a racket and an arm, the speed and the acceleration are calculated. At every 1/24 second, the action of tennis-swings and the locus of the center of gravity are photographed from two directions. The measure making a datumline is photographed mixed with the optical printer.
(2) The acceleration of the center of gravity of a racket and an arm, and the movement of a whole body.
The movements of tennis can be deviled into three parts.
Takeback; 24 scenes 1.0 sec.
Forehand-ground-stroke; 9 scenes 0.37 sec.
Followthrough; 13 scenes 0.58 sec.
The vector of the acceleration of the center of gravity of a racket and an arm is shown at every 1/24 sec. as to the horizontal and vertical dimentions. The relation between the change of angles of the joint of a right arm, knee-joints and joints of legs and the accceleration is to be examined.
The actions of muscles around shoulder-blades are to be examined with the examination of electric-muscle-graphs.
(3) Functional classification of muscles of arms around shoulder-blades. (From the analyses of tennis)
A; Muscle rising arm
B; Muscle turning arm back
C; Muscle turning arm front
D; Muscle rotating arm in or out side
E; Muscle for tensile force
(4) Analyses of the influence of tennis on spines
The center of gravity of a racket and the right arm in tennis makes a locus similar to an oval.
The shoulder turns 192.0° on the axis of spines, and the pelvis turns 123.6°. The rotation movement of the center of gravity of a racket and an arm is done in a balanced relation between the centrifugal force mv²/r and the gravity mg and tensile force T. r means the diameter of the rotation between the upper-spines and the center of gravity of a racket and an arm.
This tensile force T is made by trapezius-upper and muscle rising shoulder in turn.
T makes its maxim the instance a racket is swung.
The tensile force of muscle rising shoulder reaches its maxim at the beginning of follow-through. The movement of rotation to left of cervical spines is easily caused with this tensile force of muscle rising shoulder made from the rear node of side process of upper cervical spines.

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本研究は，大学女子選手1 名を対象に，サービスのパフォーマンス向上を目的とした取り組みとその効果を事例的に検討したものである．対象とした女子選手は，比較的身長が高く，サービスを自身の武器として認識しており，そのパフォーマンスをさらに向上しようとする意欲を持っていた．指導者は対象とした選手のサービスの能力について高く評価しており，そのパフォーマンスをより良くすることを目指した．サービスのパフォーマンスを向上するための主な取り組みとして，技術面の具体的目標は1st サービスのスピードを上げることと，2nd サービスの回転数を増やすことを目指すものであった．およそ5 ヶ月間の取り組みの中では，スイングスピードを向上することや，回転数を増やすためにスイングの方向やラケットとボールの当て方を修正することなどを試みた．取り組みの前後で，対象選手の1st サービスのスピードは速く，2nd サービスのスピードは遅くなっていた．2nd サービスの回転数は大きくなる傾向にあった．また打点の高さが有意に低くなっており，1st サービスのスピードの向上に貢献していると考えられた．2nd サービスの回転数の増加には技術的課題の克服が貢献していると考えられた．

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A skilled service is important for an effective tennis match. There are primarily three types of tennis service styles: a flat service, a slice service, and a kick service. There is a trade-off between the speed at which a tennis ball is served and its RPM. Studies indicate that a high-quality kick service or slice service requires hitting the ball at a high speed with a rapid spin. Japanese top tennis players including Kei Nishikori have ascended to the top of the rankings at the ATP World Tour tournaments, but no study has quantified the speed and spin rate of tennis balls served by Japanese top-ranked professional male tennis players (Pro group), top university male tennis players (UT group), and top junior male tennis players (JrT group). This study compared and quantified the correlation in ball speed and RPM within the top tier of each competition level in japan (Pro group, UT group, JrT group) to determine the relationship between the level of competition and the service success rate.

The following were revealed. 1) A significant negative correlation between the speed at which a ball is served and its spin rate (trade-off relationship) was observed in all groups, as measured using TRACKMAN. 2) The higher the competition level, the greater the tendency of the values to be at the upper right of the graph (X axis speed, Y axis RPM). 3) The performance of the serve can be evaluated from ball speed, RPM and the number of attempts to achieve the task.

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【目的】埼玉県理学療法士会による高校

大会サポート活動における埼玉県大会と関東大会の異なる競技レベルのサポート内容の違いを調査した。【方法】2017–2022 年度の大会期間中にブースに来室した選手にコンディショニングを実施した。サポート記録から選手の主訴および身体部位，所見，介入内容を調査し，2大会で比較を行った。【結果】県大会197件，関東大会33件を調査対象とした。2大会ともに，来室目的は疼痛緩和，身体部位は腰背部，所見は筋硬結，介入内容はストレッチ・マッサージが最も多かった。【考察】大会期間中の高校選手が理学療法士に求めることは疼痛緩和が最も多く，腰背部の筋・筋膜由来の症状が多いことが示唆された。また，競技レベルの異なる大会おいても，主要な項目に共通点が見られたため，理学療法士が競技レベルの異なる大会に帯同する場合には，これらの点を踏まえた準備を行う必要性が考えられた。

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