Eech ballpark has a different size in baseball. It could be easily imagined that there would be many home runs in a small ballpark. Park Factors (PF) are introduced in baseball to quantify the effect of each ballpark on the results (e.g., home runs). In this paper, we assume that each plate appearance can be modeled as a match-up between a batter against a pitcher with a ballpark. The effects of each ballpark will be distilled by using a logistic regression method. Numerical verification shows that the proposed method performs better than conventional PF. The verification is based on the results of more than 140 thousands plate appearances from the 2017 to 2021 Japanese Pacific League Baseball seasons.

抄録全体を表示

    This investigation focused on the “Oita” community, in which four professional sport teams exist. The purpose of this study was to clarify sports spectator behavior using the conception of place attachment. Place attachment is a concept that explains the emotional or affective bonds between a person and a particular place. The data for this study were collected through an internet survey from the fans of a professional sport team. The place attachment indicator included fifteen scale items based upon leisure research. Principal components analysis with varimax rotation was used to identify place attachment components and yielded two main components: place identity and place dependence. The scale reliability was examined using Cronbach’ s alpha. Three spectator types were identified by involvement level: high - medium - low involvement spectators. The findings of analysis for the three subgroups include the following: high involvement spectators have place identity, and place dependence that is higher than medium and low involvement spectators. High and medium involvement spectators have intention to attend other professional sports games that is higher than low involvement spectators. The results of this study indicate that the conception of place attachment enhances understanding of sport spectator behavior.

抄録全体を表示

※本記事に抄録はありません。

抄録全体を表示

  The purpose of this study was to clarify the psychological state of Hiroshima Toyo Carp （hereinafter called “Carp”） fans during the COVID-19 pandemic and to suggest management strategies that Carp should take when standard management becomes difficult due to the influence of the virus. I used social networking services （SNS） to get answers. As a result, I clarified the following three points. First, Carp fans likely have more female fans. Second, they had a negative impact on their personal lives due to the delay in the opening of the professional baseball season and the decrease in the number of games. Third, they want a traditional watching environment.

  In addition, I was able to suggest the following three points about the management strategy that Carp will implement when normal team management becomes impossible due to the influence of viruses etc. First, they should broadcast more impressive games and plays. Second, they should give fans more opportunities to listen to Carp-related cheering songs. Third, they should sell products on EC sites that fans can use even when it is difficult to go out, or list product candidates in advance.

  If professional sports teams can understand the mental states of fans and their changes during the COVID-19 pandemic, they will be able to efficiently support sports when fans cannot directly watch sports due to the effects of various virus pandemics in the future, they can think of management strategies efficiently. For this reason, accumulation of the same kind of study as this study is necessary, and I think that this study has value.

抄録全体を表示

This study aimed to test the validity of social identity theory (SIT) and bounded generalized reciprocity hypothesis (BGR) to explain ingroup cooperation in real social groups. Each of the validity of SIT and BGR have been discussed by social psychologists for a long time. However, recent studies indicate that both theories could explain ingroup cooperation simultaneously. Nakagawa et al. (2015) showed that ingroup cooperation among Japanese fans of a baseball team was derived from the psychological mechanisms predicted by both theories. The present study tested the reproducibility of these results when the cost of cooperation was emphasized. Japanese fans of all 12 baseball teams (N = 1,635) participated in this experiment. In each scenario, the cost of helping was emphasized, and reciprocal expectation was manipulated by knowledge about the feeling of belonging by participants and their partner’s group. The results showed that ingroup cooperation was shown by the psychological mechanism of BGR more than SIT when the cost of cooperation was emphasized.

抄録全体を表示

When users find information about people from the results of Web people searches, they often need to browse many obtained Web pages and check much unnecessary information. This task is time-consuming and complicates the understanding of the designated people. We investigate a method that integrates the useful information obtained from Web pages and displays them to understand people. We focus on curriculum vitae, which are widely used for understanding people. We propose a method that extracts event sentences from Web pages and displays them like a curriculum vita. The event sentence includes both time and events related to a person. Our method is based on the following: (1) extracting event sentences using heuristics and filtering them, (2) judging whether event sentences are related to a designated person by mainly using the patterns of HTML tags, (3) classifying these sentences to categories by SVM, and (4) clustering event sentences including both identical times and events. Experimental results revealed the usefulness of our proposed method.

抄録全体を表示

    In recent years professional baseball leagues have been started in some areas in which baseball has been considered to be unpopular.
    Alan Klein, an authority on the study of the globalization of baseball, claims that baseball diffusion will be promoted in developing areas where it promotes escape from poverty, and that it is hard to envision baseball’ s diffusion and the development of professional baseball business in developed countries, especially in Europe, which is proud of the overwhelming popularity of football.
    However, in practice, new professional baseball leagues have been started in some economically rich countries in the 2000s. This paper analyzes the Italian Baseball League (IBL) , which started its inaugural season in 2010, in order to investigate the background of the rise of new professional leagues in developed countries and the prospects for their future.
    This paper claims the factors promoting the diffusion of baseball in Europe and the foundation of the professional league in Italy are; 1) Expansion of a network of scouting and marketing by the MLB, 2) Job shortages for younger people, accompanied by the rationalization of the selection of professional athletes as an unstable job with low wages. Considering these factors, we can envision the development of small-scale professional baseball business in areas where baseball has not traditionally been popular. Along with the expansion of the international flow of players in the baseball world, such as through the MLB in which players can expect high remuneration, the development of a semi-professional system in which players can get jobs during the baseball season is also suggested.

抄録全体を表示

本稿は、カープにより広島に生じた経済効果を地域活性化と捉え、その背景と要因を、ファンとカープ球団間の関係に解を求め考察したものである。

プロ野球ビジネスの変遷は、プロ野球団を所有する親会社の産業の変化、技術の発展によるメディアの変化等、コンテクストの面より確認できる。特にプロ野球再編問題が生じて以降の親会社の産業やメディアの変化は、球団のファンへのアプローチ手法を変えた。時を同じくしてSNS等が普及したことで、ファンは多様化し、贔屓球団も偏りが低減した。これはプロ野球団のドメインが変わったといえる。

このようにプロ野球ビジネスが変遷する中で、カープは他球団と異なる特色をいくつか持つ。個人所有の球団であり、親会社の影響を受けることもなく、個人経営者が広島に対するコミットメントを愚直に遂行していることや、球団の創設や球場の建築は、広島の経済界、自治体、住民により発意されコスト負担がなされてきたことである。考察の結果、広島に居を構えるカープファンは、株主的機能と類似した所有者意識を有していることを導出した。よってカープ球団により生じた現在の広島の地域活性化は、カープの広島に対するコミットメントとカープの株主機能的なステークホルダーにより生じたものといえよう。球団、ファン等の個の最適が、プロ野球全体のコンテクストとあいまって、広島全体が活性化され全体最適を生じているとも解釈できる。

抄録全体を表示