Middle English Dictionary Entry
yernen v.
Entry Info
Forms | yernen v. Also yern(e, ȝern(e(n, ȝarne, ȝarnin, ȝarnon, ȝirnin, (N or chiefly N) yarne, yhern(e, gern, giern, (17th cent.) ern & (early) ȝeorne, ȝeorn(n)en, ȝirne, ȝirnæn, ȝurn(e, geornen, girne, irne, ierne & (errors) þierne, herne; sg.2 ȝernest, etc. & (error) hernist; sg.3 yernis, etc. & ȝernus, (N) yiernis, (16th cent.) yurnes & (early) ȝornt, gernð; pl. yernen, etc. & (early) ȝirnæð, geornon; ppl. ȝerninge, etc. & (N) ȝarenande; p. ȝerned(e, etc. & yernd, gernd(e, (N) ȝherned & (early) ȝernde, ȝeornde, ȝirnde, ȝornde, geornde, iærnde; pl. ȝernid, etc. & (early) ȝeorenden, ȝirnded, ieornden; ppl. yerned, etc. & yernd, ȝernd, ȝirned, ernid, (N) gernd & (early) iȝirn(e)d. |
Etymology | OE girnan, gyrnan, gernan, geornan. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To feel desire;—usu. in as clause; also, gram. of the optative mood: express desire [quot. c1400];
(b) with selected prep. phrases: ~ after, to long for (sth.), desire; long for (Christ); wish for (a child); ~ in-to, have a desire or an inclination toward (sb. or sth.);—used in fig. contexts; also, long for (youth); ~ to, long for (sth.), desire; incline toward (sth.); ~ up to, long to rise up to (Christ);
(c) to wish for (sth.), long for, desire;—with obj. sometimes in the gen.; also, covet (sth.);
(d) to long for (a state, condition, an occurrence, etc.); also, desire deeply (good health for sb., the love of sb., etc.);
(e) to wish (that sb. do sth., that sth. be so, etc.); also, want (oneself or sth. to do sth.), wish for;
(f) to wish (to do sth., be so, etc.), desire; impers. me yerneth, I wish (to do sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)17001 : He…tahhte himm mikell lare anan Off all swillc alls he ȝerrnde.
- c1225 St.Juliana (Roy 17.A.27)6/42 : He ȝettede him reue to beonne as þat he iȝirnd hefde.
- (1357) Gaytr.LFCatech.(Yk-Borth R.I.11)96/560 : Othir spices many ma springes of this syn, That ouer mikel er knawen…With tham that ledis thair lifs als thaire flesch yhernes.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)20142 : Hir langed sare hir sun cum to, And quen scho gernd [Phys-E: giernid], son was scho: An angel sent he hir fra heuen And gret hir wit a mild steuen, [etc.].
- c1400 Dur-C.Treat.Syntax (Dur-C B.4.19)191/28 : Þe indicatif mod is þat þat schewis þe sothe or þe false; þe inperatif þat commandis; þe optatif þat yernys.
- (?1406) Hoccl.MR (Hnt HM 111)39 : Me longed aftir nouelrie, As yeeres yonge yernen day by day.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)80 : It was a longe terme; Anon her herte began to yerne [?read: erme].
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)5485 : Mann birrþ æfre ȝeornenn Affterr þatt þing þatt lassteþþ a.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)6044 : God man georneþþ aȝȝ occ aȝȝ Affterr hiss lifess ende.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)6059 : Ærn…tacneþþ wel þatt gode mann Þatt ȝeorneþþ upp to Criste.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)27 : Þe godfrihte…gierneð to none þinge bute after godes wille.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3657 : He gerneden after oðer mete, Of manna he ben for-hirked to eten.
- a1350 Harrow.H.(Hrl 2253)164 : Alle þat herynne be Ȝore haueþ ȝyrned after þe.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2592 : Sar was barnles yit wit þis, þof sco gun ȝern þer-efter wiss.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)15.183 : Whan he is wery of þat werke, þanne wil he some tyme Labory in a lauendrye wel þe lengthe of a myle, And ȝerne in-to ȝouthe and ȝepliche speke Pryde with al þe appurtenaunce.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)17.328 : Then he ȝerneþ in-to þouht.
- (1435) Misyn FL (Corp-O 236)80/32 : Þe qwhilk passand qwikly & abowen kynde þe fyer of lufe has takyn & with a wondirfull desyre in-to his lemman Ihesu ȝernyd.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)1092 : Whan my herte wolde yerne To love, hyt was a gret empryse.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)171 : He was ȝonge and ȝape and ȝernynge to armes.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2937 : Yonge men & yenerus…yurnes to gaumes.
c
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)122/10 : Se þe on muneclicre drohtnunge earfoðhealde byð & gernð þære þingen [OE ðæra ðinga] þe he on wurldlicre drohtnunge næfde…twyn him genelæceð se hreofle Giezi.
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)124/9 : Of fleosen minen scepen wæren gehleowde þearfena siden, & ic þearfen ne forwernde þæs þe heo gernden.
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)6/24 : Ne ȝyrne ic naðor ne goldes ne seolfres.
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)8/8 : Þa cwæð he þæt he nan þare ðingæ ȝyrnende nære ðe he ðær iseah.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)4656 : Þa ȝeornesst tu þatt weorelldþing Onnȝæn Drihhtiness wille.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)43/7 : Non ðare ðinge ðe on ðesse worlde was [read: waren] he [Daniel] ne ȝernde.
- a1250 Wooing Lord (Tit D.18)277 : I þi childhad hafdes tu þe pappe to þi fode and ti moder readi hwen þu pappe ȝerndes.
- a1300 Ne haue þou no god (Trin-C B.1.45)9 : Þi neiebores housis ierne þou nout.
- a1300 Þeo soþe luue (Jes-O 29)108 : Þe soþe luue is god and mylde…nele heo non ayhte yrne.
- a1300 Þu salt hauen (Cmb Ff.6.15)9 : Þierne [read: ȝierne] þu nout þin nethtebure hus.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3517 : Ne gisce ðu nog ðin nestes ðing…For if ðu it gernes and gisse, Ðu tines vn-ended blisce.
- a1350 Of a mon (Hrl 2253)58 : Ȝet he ȝyrnden more, ant saide he come wel ȝore, ant gonne is loue forlete.
- (1357) Gaytr.LFCatech.(Yk-Borth R.I.11)92/516 : Thai ne reck whethir it be bi right or bi wrang, Bot at thai mai gete that at thaire hert yhernes.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)782 : Drede and dol drouȝ to his hert, lest he ne schold never in world winne þat he ȝerned.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2970 : Herd it es to kepe…þe thing…þat ȝernd es o gret laueding.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)22340 : Mans flexs sal þai noght spare; Es na mete þai sal yern [Phys-E: giern; Göt: gern] mare.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)61.10 : Nil þou hope in wickednes, And reuinges nil yhern.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)49 : Nothyng it is at mannes hert yiernys…Os þowe in hert I lofe so wele.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)536 : Ȝarnon, or ȝyrnyn [Win: Ȝarnon or ȝarnyn], or desyryn: Desidero, opto, exopto.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)8/1 : Wherto…ȝerneþ þe fool þoo þingis þat hym harmeþ?
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)2.139 : Mesure is a meri mene þouȝ men moche yerne.
- ?a1500 This endurs nyght (Hrl 2380)25 : To hap my Barne Som clas I ȝarne.
- c1600(c1350) Alex.Maced.(Grv 60)1091 : That lore longes too Godde and too no lud eles; Thow þat worldly art wraught, thy wytt þou bisett On every erthly thyng and ern þou nomore!
d
- a1150(?OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)131/31 : Me toweard is forneh se dæig mines forðsiðes þone ic gernde simble mid ealre heorte.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)5115 : Þe birrþ ȝet allre mast Þin aȝhenn berrhless ȝernenn.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)59/27 : Ic hit [eternal life] ȝierne and ic hit wile hauen swiðe bliðeliche, ȝif ic mai.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)204/18 : Ȝette me þi luue þe ich ȝirne [Cai: girne] se swiðe.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)207/9 : Swa þet ha ȝirne to swiðe his sihðe oðer his speche.
- a1250 Lofsong Lefdi (Nero A.14)207 : Ðet ich iseo…þene louerd of leome þet te engles euer biholdeð, and euer so lengrre so heo ȝirneð hit [heaven] more.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)5069 : Ær þat lær-spel weoren idon, þe king ȝeornde [Otho: ȝornde] Cristin-dom.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8879 : Þa mihte me iseon sorȝen inoȝe beon; cnihtes feollen a-dun, & ȝirnden heore dæðes.
- a1350 Iesu suete is (Hrl 2253)146 : Þi loue yȝyrne al so y con.
- c1330(c1250) Floris (Auch)214 : Child…I se hou goȝ [read: geȝ]: Iwis, þou ȝernest þin owen deȝ.
- c1390 Off alle floures (Vrn)89 : Þe loue þat I haue ȝeorned ȝore, Þe kyng of loue graunt hit me.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3590 : Eild es þou a selcut thing, þat al it gerns þat er ying.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)10506 : For to serue him night and dai, He wat þis haue i yerned [Ld: ernyd] ai.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.175 : Our folk…ȝerne ȝour comyng.
- a1425 Christ.Belief (LoC 4)7/245 : Sithen þat him thristed so sore aftere youre pouer luue & oure saules hele, haue we pite & reuth of him and warne we him noght þat þat he so tenderly ȝernes .., þat soft drenk þat he so mikell luues.
- c1425 Bible SNT(1) (Cmb Dd.12.39)Deeds 15.23 : Þo apostuls…to hem þat ben at Antyoche…gretes wele (or, ȝernes hele).
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)485 : Mor we suld ȝern hele of saule Þan of bodi.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)175/113 : Þat place þat I yarne moste of all, Fro thens come þou.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)393 : Then iche lede hade the loue that he hade longe ȝernede.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)59 : Þof þu desire to be prest, or be befor to hem, þat þu coueitist not to profiȝt to, ouer proudly in coueiting subieccoun of hem, of þe wilk þu hernist [read: ȝernist] not þere ȝele.
- a1475 Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)2103 : Hise iugementis…cause him eke to ȝerne þe blis þat aungels forfetid for her mys.
- 1591(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hnt HM 2)182/189 : The high Father of heavon I praye to…give yow…to yerne the liefe that lasteth aye.
e
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)6/25 : Ic wolde beon ȝyrnende…þæt ic mid mine eaȝen iseon moste þæt þæt ic to þe wilniæn wolde.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)5112 : Te birrþ ȝeornenn daȝȝ & nihht Þatt all follc wurrþe borrȝhenn.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)7375 : Te birrþ…ȝernenn Þatt Godd Allmahhtiȝ cweme be Whattse þu dost to gode.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)6/2 : Ha…ȝirnde…þet ha moste beon an of þe moni moder-bern þet swa muchel drehen for drihtin.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)213/14 : Nawiht ne ȝirne ich þet me…telle ow hende ancren.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28112 : Ic ha me gernd vt-wit be sene Better þan i wit-in ha bene.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)1801 : Þai ȝernid þan…þat þai had ben wid noe stadd.
- a1425 HBk.GDei (Hnt HM 148)73/12 : Oft he ȝherned þat matyns tyme might haue lasted to þe day of dome.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)6654 : Þe cristen kyng oswalde ȝerned his kyngdome to faithe be calde.
f
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)3578 : Gode ȝeorrndenn himm to sen, & æfre shulenn ȝeorrnenn.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)12140 : He shollde ȝeornenn To wurrþenn riche.
- a1350 Iesu suete is (Hrl 2253)43 : Y ȝyrne to haue þi wille ywroht.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)8375 : Þou has in liues Mani childer wit þi wiues, þat yernand es þaa nu in strijf At haue þe kingrike in þi lijf.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)10758 : He yernd noght to haf suilk a wijf.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)16167 : Herod had yernd him to se, and of his come was fain.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)16185 : He had gernd him to se.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)2182 : I yhern…be loused away Fra þis life.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)4663 : We suld noght yherne it to lere.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)1039 : Þe more þat a man may þerof winne, Þe more ȝernus be [read: he] ȝit to ȝeme at his wille.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.16.10a : Þou schalt ȝerne…for to come as neer as þou maiȝst to þat stat whilke þou hast taken.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)150/305 : Of this thyng To wytt the sothe full sore me yarnes Of this new kyng.
2.
(a) To desire to find (sb.); desire sight of or communion with (Jesus); also, have sexual desire for (sb.), lust after; desire (sb.) as a mate; ~ to wif; ppl. yerned, beloved, admired, sought after;
(b) ?to seek fulfillment of (cravings).
Associated quotations
a
- a1250 Ancr.(Nero A.14)85/25 : Muche word is of ou hu gentile wummen ȝe beoð, vor godleic & for ureoleic iȝirned of monie.
- a1250 Wooing Lord (Tit D.18)271 : Moni man þurh his strengðe and hardischipe ek makes him luued and ȝerned.
- a1300 No god (Em 27)9 : Ne ȝurn naȝt oþer Mannes wif.
- a1350 Bytuene mersh (Hrl 2253)34 : Icham for wowyng al forwake…lest eny reue me my make ychabbe yȝyrned ȝore.
- c1330 *St.Marg.(2) (Auch)64 : He ȝerneþ þe to wiue.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)15406 : He said, ‘to bring tiþand Iesus þe prophet quar to find, þat yee er sua ȝernand.’
- a1400 Rolle Encom.Jesu (Hrl 1022)187 : My herte has meltyd in luf, ȝernand [Thrn: ȝarenande] Ihesu.
- c1425 Castle Love(2) (Eg 927)129 : Thou sall noȝt ȝerne another mannes wyf.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)184/84 : Ryse vp and gang To the temple; thou shall fynd thore Godys son the before, That thou has yernyd lang.
- a1500 Gifte hys (Add 9066)p.360 : Wise men are but scornede, and Wedowes be sore yernede.
b
- a1350 Heȝe louerd (Hrl 2253)95 : Þat ȝokkyn haþ yȝyrned ȝore, nou hit sereweþ him ful sore.
3.
(a) To make demands (for sth.), ask;
(b) to ask for (sth.); demand (sth.) [occas. difficult to distinguish from sense 1.(b)]; also, ask for (sb.) as a wife; also, ask (sth. of sb.); ~ to wif; ~ me on honde, demand (sth.) of me;
(c) to ask (that sb. do sth., that sth. happen);
(d) with inf.: to ask (to do sth.); also with hit as grammatical obj.;
(e) to make a request of (sb.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)13918 : He…wold heom al-swa senden heom gretinge ma, ȝif heo ȝirnen wolden of Arðures golden.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)67 : Ȝernes now of my ȝift þat ȝou leve were, And what it be þat ȝe bidde, ȝour bonus I graunte.
b
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.656 : Ic Uitalianus papa geate…ealle þe þing þe ge geornon.
- a1131 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1127 : He…iærnde þa þurh him & ðurh ealle his freond nam cuðlice þone abbotrice of Burhe.
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)6/34 : Min drihten forsceawæð þa sylene þe ic to þe ȝyrnæn wolde, forþon hit is me uncuð ȝyt hwæt þingæ hit beo.
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)10/18 : Aris dauid & ga to moyses & ȝyrne þas ȝyrdon.
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)18/2 : Ne dafeneð me na þæt ic inc ðæs werne ðe ȝit to me ȝyrnæð.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)5231 : Whatt god wass þatt twifalde gast Þatt Helyseow þær ȝeorrnde?
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Bod 34)82/579 : Porphire ȝettede hire al þet ha ȝirnde [Tit: ȝernede].
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)469 : Ȝurne we his dohter, þat he heo ȝeue ure lauerde Brutun to his bedde.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)526 : Mire men ȝe habbeð isclawen, & ȝeorneð mine maðmas & mine leoue dohter to swa laðe mannes bihoue.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)2208 : He ȝirnde þeos kinges dohter, to habben to are quene.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3638 : Ȝif heo wulleð ȝirne [Otho: ȝeorne] grið, nulle ich heom noht fehten wið.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)5013 : Nolde heo heom ȝetten þa þinges þe heo ȝernden [Otho: ȝornde].
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)5019 : Þe king heom ȝette al þat heo ȝeorenden.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)6349 : Ich æm icumen to speken þe wið & ȝeornnen þe liues grið.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)11823 : Arður him ȝetten wolde þat he iȝirnd hafde.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)12520 : Heo ȝirneð [Otho: ȝornt] me an honde gauel of mine londe.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)13959 : Monie…ȝirnded Arðures grið.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)53/915 : Whanne i þi doȝter ȝerne [Ld: herne], Ne schaltu me hire werne.
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)3/40 : He him selue þeder wente For hire sake; Ofte gernede hire to wiue.
c
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.777 : He geornde at se kyning þet he scolde for his luuen freon his ane mynstre Wocingas het.
- 1123 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1123 : Ða biscopas…iedon ealle samodlice to þone kyng and ieornden þæt hi mosten cesen of clerc hades man swa hwam swa swa hi wolden to ercebiscop.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)ded.23 : Forrþi ȝerrndesst tu þatt icc Þiss werrc þe shollde wirrkenn.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)2187 : Ȝern to þan kinge þat he þe læne ferde.
- c1440 HBk.GDei (Thrn)50/18 : We sall…ȝerne thurgh prayere þat all may be helpede.
d
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)483 : Ȝif we hit ȝeorneð to wonien [Otho: ȝif we here ȝerneþ wonie] her mid Gricken, heo beoð ure fulle feond.
e
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)11857 : Priam, at þis prayer, aperit not sone, Ne grauntid not the grekes þat the gret ȝernet.