Middle English Dictionary Entry
likerǒus adj.
Entry Info
Forms | likerǒus adj. Also likeros, likerouzs, likorous, likurus, likkerwys, licorous, -us, -as, licourous, -us, -es, -is, licurous, licourse & likrus, licrus & lekerous, lecerous, lecorous; pl. likerous, etc. & likerouses. |
Etymology | ?AN *likerous, *lek-; cp. CF lecheros.?New formation in ME based on OF lekier, etc. (vars. of lechëor); cp. licere, adj. & lekere n. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Of persons: lascivious; amorous; (b) of actions, desires: lascivious; ~ tail, a lecherous sex organ; (c) inciting to lechery; bawdy in speech [quot.: a1475]; ~ eie, an eye which tempts to lechery; an eye which looks lasciviously; (d) keenly desirous (to do or have sth.); eager (for love); (e) as noun: a lascivious act; (f) ?as adv.: lasciviously; -- used fig.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.752 : Lucya, likerous, loued hir housbonde so That for he sholde alwey vpon hir thynke She yaf hym..a maner loue drynke.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)79 : And likerous [vrr. likorous, lycourus] folk, after that they ben dede, Shul whirle aboute th'erthe alwey in peyne.
- c1460 Chaucer CT.Prol.(NC 314)A.626 : Likerous [Heng: hoot he was and lecherous as a Sparwe].
b
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mcp.(Manly-Rickert)H.189 : For men han euere a likerous appetit On lower thyng to parformen hir delit.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.466 : A likerous mouth moste han a likerous tayl; In womman vynolent is no defence.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)1762 : Who-so lith with his neyghburs wyfe Is cursyd..Alasse! this likerous dampnable errour.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)3826 : For who so wilneth to be contynent, Many a lust superflu mot he lete And lykerous.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1120/4 : For men and women coude love togydirs seven yerys, and no lycoures lustis was betwyxte them.
c
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3244 : And sikerly she hadde a likerous [vrr. lycorous, lykuruse] eye.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)10.161 : And also þe likerouse launde þat leccherye hatte, Leue hym on þi left halue.
- c1410 Chaucer CT.Pard.(Hrl 7334)C.549 : A licorous þing is wyn.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4264 : If oon be full of vylanye, Another hath a likerous ye.
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)1068 : The Quene had a ful licorous eye And a hert ful amerous.
- a1475 Russell Bk.Nurt.(Hrl 4011)292 : Be no lier with youre mouthe ne lykorous ne dryvelynge.
d
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.1119 : As yonge clerkes that been lykerous To reden artes that been curious Seken in euery halke and euery herne, Particuler sciences for to lerne.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)444 : Wemen are wilfull..And so likrus of loue in likyng of yowthe.
- c1465 Chaucer CT.Pars.(CC 152)I.741 : Auarice..is lykerous in herte to haue erthely thynges.
e
- c1415 Chaucer CT.Pars.(Lnsd 851)I.859 : Many weneþ þat þei maie nouȝt sinne for no likerous þat he doþe with his wif.
f
- c1475 Chaucer CT.Mk.(Trin-O Arch.49)B.3747 : Likerous [Heng: Oloferne which fortune ay kiste So likerously].
2.
(a) Of persons: gluttonous; also, excessively fond of luxurious food or drink; ~ mouth, a greedy mouth; (b) of desires, appetites: fastidious; (c) of persons, a way of living, pride, desire: luxurious, self-indulgent; (d) licentious, dissolute.
Associated quotations
a
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)153/682 : Hy seȝ þat frut..And et þrof, dame lykerouse, And maden ek eten hyt hyre spouse.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.11 : As who so roteþ vp moolberyes and serueþ likerous men [L delicatis], þat lyueþ in likynge, wiþ soure grapes.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)7.253 : Let not sir Surfet sitten at þi Bord; Loue him not, for he is a lechour and likerous [vrr. lekerous, lecorous] of Tonge, And aftur mony Metes his Mawe is a-longet.
- (c1390) Chart.Abbey HG (LdMisc 210)341 : Eue..was boþe coueytous & lykerouse [vr. licorous] as comenliche wymmen ben.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.466 : A likerous mouth moste han a likerous tayl; In womman vynolent is no defence.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)20a/a : Delicie: licorus of metes.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.2 : Þis riche man was..likerous in foode.
- c1440 Chaucer CT.Ph.(Lchf 29)C.84 : Likerous mouth [Heng: A theef of venyson that hath forlaft His likerousnesse].
- a1450 PPl.B (Cmb Dd.1.17)6.268 : Likerous [Ld: Lat nouȝt sire surfait sitten at þi borde..for he is lecherous].
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)47/30 : A licorous felaw..stert in-to þe kechyn to loke what mete was þere in araying.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)53/22 : And other..be lykerous of moche mete and drinke, takyng unresonably therof.
- a1500 PFulham (Jas 43)171 : But many men byn nowe so lekerous [vr. lycorouse] That they can not leve by store of howse, As brawne, bakyn, or powderd beef.
b
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.540 : Thise cokes, how they stampe and streyne and grynde..To fulfillen al thy likerous [vr. lykorous] talent.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.214 : No likerous lust was thurgh hir herte yronne; Wel ofter of the welle than of the tonne She drank.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)39/23 : Nature lokeþ after no delicacies but þe lippes of lust be so likerouzs him liste not euen soupe but ȝif he haue wilde foul.
c
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)prol.30 : Ancres and Hermytes..Coueyte not in Cuntre to carien a-boute, For non likerous [vr. lycoras] lyflode heore licam to plese.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.19 : And so þis is a likerous pride.
- ?c1425(c1380) Chaucer Form.A.(Benson-Robinson)56 : Yit was not Jupiter the likerous, That first was fader of delicacye, Come in this world.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)117 : Delycate, or lycorowse: Delicatus.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)304 : Lykerowse: Ambroninus, delicatus, deliciosus.
- c1440 Chaucer CT.Pars.(Cmb Ii.3.26)I.430 : Aftir licorouss pride [Heng: yet notifie they in hire array of atyr likerousnesse and pride].
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2977 : Þou couet to se Þat straunge, þat was stoute, & stare hym vppon; So þou light in vnlefulnes..Thurgh þi Licrus last þat Lurkit in þi hert.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)73b : Licorus: Ambroninus, lurconicus.
d
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.4.30 : Decorat..hadde wikkid corage of a likerous schrewe [L scurrae].
3.
(a) Of food or drink: delicious to the taste or smell; ~ bitternesse, sweet bitterness; -- used fig.; (b) of persons, behavior, clothing, a place: pleasing, delightful.
Associated quotations
a
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)54/23 : He sseaweþ ham þe wynes and þe metes þet byeþ uayre and likerouses [F deliciouses].
- c1390 11 Pains(3) (Vrn)172 : Þo weore þeose þat..nolde not faste..And hedden of mony metes dedeyn But hit weore likerous.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)11.121 : Kepe wel þi tunge For lesinges & liȝeris speche & likerous [vrr. lekerous, lecerous] drinkes.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)11.176 : Þat is godes owen good..That meny lede leeseþ thorw lykerouse drynke, As lot dude and noe an herodes, þe daffe.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.19 : Þat feden hemsilf coostly and ordeyne strange and likerous mete.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Satan & C.(Corp-C 296)216 : Þe fend stiriþ men to sette here lust in smellynge of lekerous metis & drinkis & to take ouermochil of hem.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Satan & C.(Corp-C 296)217 : Þei seken many stretis..to seke lekerous morselis.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)18/5 : Noiþer he spekiþ in þis of swannes ne of pekokes, cranes ne herouns, ne of oþer likerous metes.
- c1450 There is no creatour (Lamb 853)55 : Þis worldis likerose bittirnes Bireueþ us discrecioun.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)22/30 : Here is an ensaumple that no woman shulde ete no lycorous morcelles in the absens..of her husbond.
b
- a1350 Iesu suete is (Hrl 2253)7 : Noht may be feled lykerusere þen þou.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)47/36 : To þo zenne belongeþ..þe zofte bed, cloþes likerouses, and alle manyere eyse of bodye.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)95/11 : Þise þinges..makeþ alsuo alse a paradis erþlich to lykerous [F trop delitable; Vices & V.(2): riȝt delitable], uol of guode traues and of frut.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3345 : She was so propre and swete and likerous [vr. lycurous], I dar wel seyn, if she had been a mous And he a cat, he wolde hire hente anon.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)968 : More lykker-wys on to lyk Watz þat scho hade on lode.
4.
As surname.
Associated quotations
- (1324) Plea R.Edw.II in WSAS 1046 : Ralph Licoriz.
- (1327) Sub.R.Stf.in WSAS 7206 : Radulphus Lycorys.