Esperanto

See also: esperanto, esperantó, and espéranto

English

Wikibooks

symbol of Esperanto

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Esperanto Esperanto. Originally, this was the pseudonym assumed by the language's creator, L. L. Zamenhof, and the language was called Lingvo Internacia (“international language”). The term first appears in the publication Science in 1892.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˌɛspəˈɹæntəʊ/, /ˌɛspəˈɹɑːntəʊ/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˌɛspəˈɹæntoʊ/, /ˌɛspəˈɹɑntoʊ/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Audio (UK)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -æntəʊ, -ɑːntəʊ

Proper noun

Esperanto

2. An international auxiliary language designed by L. L. Zamenhof with a base vocabulary inspired by Indo-European languages such as English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, and Russian, and having a streamlined grammar with completely regular conjugations, declensions, and inflections.
3. (figuratively) Anything that is used as a single international medium in place of plural distinct national media.

   The U.S. dollar is the Esperanto of currency.

   • 1923, Edward Sims Van Zile, “The Movie as a World Language”, in That Marvel—the Movie, page 193:

     [Compared] to the Esperanto of the Eye, [cinema], [Esperanto's] conquest of the Earth is painfully slow[.]

   • 1981, Ellen Goodman, “Where did all the accents go?”, in Sarasota Journal‎^[1], page 6A:

     I think there is increasingly a homogenized voice, an Esperanto in the ear.

   • 1994, Terry Pratchet, Interesting Times:

     […] making its usual explicit request in the Esperanto of brutality.

   • 2022, James Brooke-Smith, Accelerate!: A History of the 1990s‎^[2], The History Press, →ISBN:

     There may have been a few slippages when the show's American English was translated for foreign audiences—Alerte à Malibu! Mishmar Ha-Mifratz!—but the theme song was pure Esperanto, a joyous surge of energy and desire that was instantly comprehensible from Quito to Tehran.

Quotations

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:Esperanto.

Derived terms

• Esperantic
• Esperantist

Translations

auxiliary language

• Albanian: esperanto (sq) n
• Arabic: إِسْبَرَانْتُو (ar) m (ʔisbarantū), إِسْپَرَانْتُو m (ʔisparantū)
• Armenian: էսպերանտո (hy) (ēsperanto)
• Assamese: এস্পেৰাণ্ট ভাষা (esperanto bhaxa)
• Asturian: esperantu (ast) m
• Basque: esperanto (eu)
• Belarusian: эспера́нта (be) n (espjeránta), эспэра́нта n (esperánta) (taraškievica)
• Breton: esperanteg (br) m
• Bulgarian: есперанто (esperanto)
• Carpathian Rusyn: есперанто n (esperanto)
• Catalan: esperanto (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 世界語／世界语 (zh) (Shìjièyǔ)

• Czech: esperanto (cs) n
• Dhivehi: އެސްޕެރަންތޯ (esperan̊tō)
• Dutch: Esperanto (nl) n
• Esperanto: Esperanto (eo)
• Estonian: Esperanto (et)
• Finnish: esperanto (fi)
• French: espéranto (fr) m
• Galician: esperanto (gl) m
• Georgian: ესპერანტო (esṗeranṭo)
• German: Esperanto (de) n
• Greek: Εσπεράντο (Esperánto)
• Greenlandic: Esperanto
• Gujarati: એસ્પેરાન્તો (gu) (esperānto)
• Hawaiian: ʻōlelo Ekepelānako
• Hebrew: אֶסְפֶּרַנְטוֹ (he) (esperanto)
• Hindi: एस्पेरान्तो (hi) (esperānto)
• Hungarian: eszperantó (hu)
• Ido: Esperanto (io), Espo (io)
• Interlingua: esperanto (ia)
• Inuktitut: ᐃᓯᐱᕋᓐᑐ (iu) (isipiranto)
• Irish: Esperanto, Sprantais f
• Italian: esperanto (it)
• Japanese: エスペラント (ja) (Esuperanto), エスペラント語 (ja) (Esuperanto-go)
• Kashubian: esperanto n
• Kazakh: эсперанто (ésperanto)
• Korean: 에스페란토 (ko) (Eseuperanto)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: esperantoyî (ku) f

• Latin: Lingua Esperantica f, Lingua Zamenhofiana f
• Macedonian: еспера́нто n (esperánto)
• Malayalam: എസ്പെരാന്തോ (esperāntō)
• Nahuatl: netēmachīliztlahtōlli, esperantotlahtōlli
• Norwegian: esperanto (no)
• Occitan: esperanto (oc) m
• Persian: اسپرانتو (fa) (esperânto)
• Polish: esperanto (pl) n
• Portuguese: esperanto (pt) m
• Romanian: esperanto (ro), limba esperanto
• Russian: эспера́нто (ru) n (esperánto)
• Rwanda-Rundi: Icyesiperanto
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: еспера̀нто m, есперантски m

  Roman: esperànto (sh) m, esperantski (sh) m

• Sicilian: esperantu (scn) m
• Silesian: esperanto n
• Slovak: esperanto (sk) n
• Slovene: esperanto (sl) n
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: esperanto n

  Upper Sorbian: esperanto (hsb) n

• Spanish: esperanto (es) m
• Swahili: Kiesperanto
• Swazi: sí-Speranto, síSperanto
• Swedish: esperanto (sv) c
• Tagalog: Esperanto (tl)
• Thai: เอสเปรันโต (àyt-bpay-ran-dtoh), ภาษาเอสเปรันโต (th) (paa-săa àyt-bpay-ran-dtoh)
• Turkish: Esperanto (tr)
• Ukrainian: еспера́нто (uk) f or n (esperánto)
• Vietnamese: quốc tế ngữ (vi), tiếng quốc tế ngữ, thế giới ngữ (vi)
• Volapük: Sperantapük (vo)
• Yiddish: עספּעראַנטאָ (yi) n (esperanto)

See also

• Category:Esperanto language
• Appendix:Esperanto Swadesh list for a Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words in Esperanto

Further reading

• Reta Vortaro (short : ReVo) a multingual dictionary with esperanto definitions and translations in many languages. See also ReVo
• ISO 639-1 code eo, ISO 639-3 code epo (SIL)
• Ethnologue entry for Esperanto, epo ⁠
• Akademio de Esperanto

Anagrams

• personate

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Esperanto Esperanto.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌɛs.pəˈrɑn.toː/

• audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: Es‧pe‧ran‧to

Proper noun

Esperanto n

1. Esperanto

Derived terms

• esperantisme
• esperantist

Esperanto

Etymology

From Doktoro Esperanto ("Doctor Hopeful"), the pen-name of Esperanto's author, Dr. Ludwik Łazarz Zamenhof, when he published the language in 1887; from esperanto (“one who hopes”), from the verb esperi (“to hope”), from French espérer, Spanish esperar, ultimately from Latin spērō (“to hope”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [espeˈranto]
• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -anto
• Hyphenation: Es‧pe‧ran‧to

Proper noun

Esperanto (accusative Esperanton)

2. Esperanto

Derived terms

• esperanta (“of or relating to Esperanto”)
• esperantano (“proponent of Esperanto”)
• Esperantido (“offshoot of Esperanto”)
• esperantigi (“to translate or transliterate to Esperanto”)
• Esperantio, Esperantujo (“notional land of Esperantists”)
• esperantismo (“the ideal of a neutral, universal auxiliary language”)
• esperantistiĝi (“to become an Esperantist”)
• esperantisto (“active user of Esperanto, Esperantist”)
• esperantologio (“linguistic study of Esperanto, Esperantology”)
• esperantologo (“specialist in Esperantology, an Esperantologist”)
• esperantumado (“use of Esperanto, Esperanto-related activities”)

German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌɛspəˈʁanto/

• audio

  (file)

• audio (Berlin)

  (file)

Proper noun

Esperanto n (proper noun, strong, genitive Esperantos or Esperanto)

1. Esperanto

Usage notes

• The word can be used with or without a definite article: (Das) Esperanto ist eine Kunstsprache. (“Esperanto is a constructed language.”) The form with no article is generally more common, but the article is necessary in the genitive case (e.g. die Grammatik des Esperanto) and with the preposition in (e.g. die Pluralbildung im Esperanto).

Further reading

• “Esperanto” in Duden online

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from Esperanto Esperanto.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /espeˈranto/

Proper noun

Esperanto

1. Esperanto

Synonyms

• (dated) Esp.
• Espo

Derived terms

• Esperantala
• Esperantisto
• Esperantismo

See also

• esperanto

Interlingua

Noun

Esperanto

1. Esperanto

Italian

Noun

Esperanto m (uncountable)

1. Esperanto

See also

• esperantista

Anagrams

• pensatore, speronate

Romanian

Noun

Esperanto n (uncountable)

1. Alternative letter-case form of esperanto

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish esperanto or English Esperanto.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: Es‧pe‧ran‧to
• IPA^(key): /ʔespeˈɾanto/, [ʔɛs.pɛˈɾan.to]

Noun

Esperanto (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜒᜇᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ)

1. Esperanto (language)

Derived terms

• mag-Esperanto

 

Turkish

Etymology

From Esperanto Esperanto.

Proper noun

Esperanto

1. Esperanto