Introduction: Melasma is a condition in which patients develop symmetric, reticulated, hyperpigmented macules and patches on the face which is thought to be the result of ultraviolet (UV) exposure and hormonal influences, although the pathogenesis is not completely understood. The topical application of epidermal growth factor has been used as a whitening agent, moisturizer, and an aid for wound healing. In this study, we explore the efficacy of topical EGF in the treatment of melasma.
Materials and methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, split-face study to determine the efficacy of a topical EGF serum in the treatment of melasma. Fifteen women with a mean age of 44 were randomized to treatment side of the face and applied a topical EGF serum and a placebo twice daily to each designated side of the face for eight weeks. Patient satisfaction was assessed by use of the MelasQoL Questionnaire as well as a patient outcome survey. Subjects were evaluated using the Physician Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) by two board-certified dermatologists.
Results: GAIS scores showed an improvement in the melasma in 73.4% of subjects vs 13% improvement for the placebo side. The average MelasQoL questionnaire score decreased from 42 to 33 with 73% of subjects having an improvement in their score. In addition, 73% of subjects reported an improvement in their melasma. No adverse events or side effects were reported with use of the topical serum or placebo.
Conclusions: This study suggests that topical EGF is a safe, noninvasive, and effective treatment for melasma. J Drugs Dermatol. 2018;17(6):970-973.