Seizures were observed following the withdrawal of alprazolam administered in therapeutic dose for 10 weeks. A review of available case reports suggests that seizures, like other withdrawal phenomena, are more apt to occur with short-acting benzodiazepines. To prevent their occurrence these drugs should be discontinued gradually and consideration given to substituting long-acting drugs during the withdrawal period. Physicians should remain alert to the fact that seizures may occur as early as 24 hours after the abrupt withdrawal of short-acting benzodiazepines.