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Verification of the Annual Dating of the 10th Century Baitoushan Volcano Eruption Based on an AD 774–775 Radiocarbon Spike

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 August 2017

Masataka Hakozaki ,
Fusa Miyake ,
Toshio Nakamura ,
Katsuhiko Kimura ,
Kimiaki Masuda  and
Mitsuru Okuno
Masataka Hakozaki*
Affiliation:
National Museum of Japanese History, 117 Jonai-cho, Sakura 285-8502, Japan
Fusa Miyake*
Affiliation:
Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
Toshio Nakamura
Affiliation:
Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
Katsuhiko Kimura
Affiliation:
Faculty of Symbiotic Systems Science, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima 960-1296, Japan
Kimiaki Masuda
Affiliation:
Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
Mitsuru Okuno
Affiliation:
Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
*
*Corresponding authors. Email: hakozaki@rekihaku.ac.jp; fmiyake@isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp.
*Corresponding authors. Email: hakozaki@rekihaku.ac.jp; fmiyake@isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp.
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Abstract

The so-called Millennium Eruption of Baitoushan Volcano is one of the largest of the Common Era but its date has been uncertain. Recently, Oppenheimer et al. (2017) reported the eruptive year as late AD 946 using a new method called carbon-14 spike matching. However, it is necessary to verify their result to confirm the eruptive year, since only one wood sample was used in their study. We verified the eruptive year by measuring 14C contents in tree rings from another wood sample buried during the Baitoushan eruption. We succeeded in reproducing the AD 774–775 14C spike (Miyake et al. 2012), and counted the number of rings from the outermost ring accompanied by bark to the ring possessing the AD 774–775 14C spike. We found the outermost ring was formed in AD 946. Our study supported the result of Oppenheimer et al. (2017), which makes the eruptive year conclusive. Also, we suggest that the 14C spike-matching method can be a prominent dating tool applicable to ancient woods that are difficult to date using the usual dendrochronology techniques.

Keywords

775 Eventannual datingBaitoushan Volcano eruptiondendrochronology
Type
Research Article
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 60 , Issue 1 , February 2018 , pp. 261 - 268
Copyright
© 2017 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

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