During the last 10 years, a survey of the axil-breeding mosquito has been carried out at several places of the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and Sri Lanka, to learn more about their distribution. A total of 27 species of mosquitoes was collected from axils of banana, abaca, taro and pandanus. Among the species collected, the larvae of 12 species were found almost exclusively in the leaf axils. Aedes poicilius, the incriminated vector of bancroftian filariasis, was found to breed extensively in the axils of abaca and banana in the Philippines, especially at Bicol Peninsula. This species, however, seems to prefer axils of other plants to axils of banana and abaca at outside of the Philippines. Ae. ananae and Ae. flavipennis were next common in abaca and banana axils in the philippines. Malaya genurostris was predominant, and sometime the only, species found breeding in taro axils wherever the areas examined. In addition to those, the axils of banana and taro also support the larval stage of medical important mosquitoes, such as Ae. kochi and Ae. albopictus.

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日本の温帯に生育する無茎種のコスミレとノジスミレ2種について冬芽内の花芽の詳細な発達過程を明らかにした．両種とも，冬芽内の鱗片葉のの外側から内側にかけて3つのタイプの花芽が観察された．（1）外側の鱗片葉の閉鎖花の花芽（越冬早春閉鎖花の花芽），（2）開放花の花芽，（3）開放花の花芽より内側の鱗片葉の閉鎖花の花芽（越冬春閉鎖花の花芽）．越冬早春閉鎖花の冬芽内の花芽は積雪初日直前に，花弁と3本の雄ずいが痕跡程度か，全くないことで開放花の花芽と区別され，春の開放花開花時には結実した．越冬春閉鎖花の花芽は発達の初期には開放花の花芽と区別できなかったが，根雪終日直後までに花弁と雄ずいは多様な形態に退化した．このことから，コスミレとノジスミレには夏から秋にかけての閉鎖花を含めると，発達過程および出現時期と結実時期の異なる3タイプの閉鎖花が存在することが示唆された．温帯産のスミレ属は花期が一部重なる場合があるものの，基本的には早春から晩秋にかけて，最初開放花，次に閉鎖花という順番で季節的な生産をすると考えられてきたが，開放花と閉鎖花の生産期間やその発生過程は，これまで考えられていたよりかなり多様である可能性がある．

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栄養繁殖を前提として育成されたトマト品種を側枝で増殖する場合に，葉位間で均一な側枝をより多く発達させることを目的として，側枝の発達に及ぼす品種，主茎の摘心および誘引方向の影響を調べるとともに，露地栽培で確認した．その結果，1) 側枝発生数に品種間差異はないが，発達速度には，果実のタイプで分けられる品種間差異がある，2) 摘心は下葉位の側枝の発達を促進して各葉位の側枝長が均一化するが，ほぼ同じ大きさの側枝を得るには至らない，3) 側枝採取数は，水平誘引によって処理直後には増えるが，最終的には母株の数によって制限される，4) 二次側枝の利用により65倍程度の増殖効率になることが明らかになった．

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Crown root primordia in stem of rice plants (fig. 9) originate from certain cells derived from the innermost ground meristem cells adjacent to the continuous ring of meristematic tissue which will differentiate to the peripheral cylinder of vascular bundles and fibers (PV in fig. 9). The vascular tissue between the crown root and the peripheral cylinder of the longitudinal vascular bundles of the stem originates also from the same cells. Before the crown root initiation, several cell layers are formed by one or two periclinal divisions of the innermost ground meristem cells (fig. 4). In these several cell layers, subsequently, the cells of the inner one or two layers bigin to divide transversely while the cells of the outer one or two layers bigin to divide radially somewhat later (fig. 5). At this stage, some groups of cells from the inner cell layers elongate radially and the nuclei and the nucleoli of the cells become enlarged (fig. 6). These groups of cells are the initial cells of crown root primordia as observed under ordinary microscope, also the density of the protoplasm of these cells becomes gradually higher. The same phenomena were observed in the outer cells adjacent to the crown root initial cells. These outer cells also constitute the primordia. In this stage, the initial cells bigin to divide periclinally, transversely and radially to form the crown root primordia (fig. 7). On the other hand, the inner cells which have not differentiated to crown root primordia undergo transversal division and sometimes periclinal division (fig. 8). They give rise to the vascular tissue between the crown root and the vascular system of the stem. When the sequence of the region where the initiation of crown root primordia is taking place is observed basipetally in longitudinal sections, it was found to correspond to the same region where the future sclerenchymatous elements in the peripheral cylinder of vascular bundles and fibers bigin to elongate (fig. 6). The differentiation of the peripheral cylinder of vascular bundles and fibers proceeds acropetally, these regions may migrate acropetally as the stem develops. When the distribution of the crown root primordia formed in the main stem is examined, two "primordium forming zones of crown roots" (fig. 10) were recognized in the region between the axils of P_n+1 and P_n leaves (fig. 9). These zones were observed to have a relationship to the vascular pattern of the stem. In the region between these two "primordium forming zones of crown roots" where there are few crown root primordium formations, the meristematic ring of the future peripheral vascular bundles and fibers is separated by both larger and smaller leaf traces observed in transversal sections (fig. 11).

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ミヤマカンスゲの有花茎の着く位置を調べたところ,極内分類群ごとにまとまった相違があることが分かった.有花茎には側生のものと中央生のものがあり,その特徴により,大きくAタイプ(株単位は中央生の有花茎で終わらない,すなわち有花茎は側生のみ)とBタイプ(株単位は中央生の有花茎で終わる)の2つが認められた.さらにAタイプには,側生の有花茎がに常に単生するA-1タイプ(ミヤマカンスゲ,コミヤマカンスゲ,マルミノミヤマカンスゲ)と,しばしば複数の有花茎を持つA-2タイプ(アオミヤマカンスゲ),Bタイプには,有花茎は常に中央生かつ側生のB-1タイプ(キンキミヤマカンスゲ),通常は中央生のみだが時に側生の有花茎も持つB-2タイプ(ニシノミヤマカンスゲ),常に中央生で側生の有花茎を特たないB-3タイプ(ツルミヤマカンスゲ)という違いがあることが分かった.これらの事実は分類学的に有意であると考えられる.

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1981年から1982年にかけて神奈川県藤沢市藤が岡井上博雅氏園の雌株品種‘ブルーノ’と雄株品種‘マチュア’を用いて花芽分化, 花芽の発育について形態学的な観察調査を行った.
1. ‘ブルーノ’, ‘マチュア’の花芽分化期は3月中旬であった.
2. 花芽分化後の花芽の発育は急速に進み, ‘ブルーノ’では4月5日, ‘マチュア’では3月30日に雄ずい形成が認められた.
3. ‘ブルーノ’は花芽分化後65日で開花し, 開花期間は5～7日程度であった.
4. ‘マチュア’は花芽分化後62日で開花し, 開花は5月末日まで続いた.
5. キウイの花芽分化期と花芽の発育は多くの落葉果樹と異なり, 開花と同年内に花芽分化•発育し, 開花までの発育期間は極めて短かった.

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Japanese plants known as Pohlia camptotrachela was revealed to be P. annotina mainly based on the shape of their propagules. In addition, the real P. camptotrachela, even though rarely distributed, was confirmed its occurrence in Japan. Artificial key to all Japanese propaguliferous Pohlia was provided as well as short comments on each species.

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Three-celled gemmae produced in leaf axils of Pterigynandrum fliforme are newly reported from a single population in Kyoto Prefecture, central Japan. The gemmae are abundantly produced in leaf axils of ascending secondary stems. Caducous branchlets are also found in the same population; both types of asexual reproductive organs are even produced in the same leaf axils.

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