Middle English Dictionary Entry
allīen v.
Entry Info
Forms | allīen v. Also alien. |
Etymology | OF aliier, alier (from L adligāre). |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
To form an alliance, join, associate: (a) to ally (oneself with, to sb.), join as an ally, form an alliance; get together, join; -- refl. or intr.; (b) ben allied, be allied or associated; associated (with); in on allied, as a group; (c) to connect (sb. with an ally).
Associated quotations
a
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3720 : Out of his dores anon he hath hym dight Allone, and there he wende han ben allied.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.618 : Ye..Shal nat allye yow with hasardours.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.67 : To Malcolme, þe Scottis kyng, Tostus alied to.
- -?-(a1461) Doc.in HMC Rep.3 App.279b : [By the truce] the Frenshemen alied them selfe and enlarge their amite and their aliage to suche as were beste oute of the kynge's amite.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)41/7 : They..ever alyed hem with myghty kynges and dukis.
- c1483(?a1450) OT in Caxton Gold.Leg.(Caxton)48ab : Late vs alye eche wyth other [Vulg. Gen.34.9: iungamus vicissim conubia], late our doughters be gyuen to you and youris to vs and duelle ye with vs.
- a1500 Methodius(3) (Stw 953)321 : Hys sonys to-gedyr hem alydde In senar..and þer þey schope hem to a-byde.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.12 : Of hem that ben to him [Lucifer] allied.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.4550 : Þei wold raþer traitours be to Troye, Priuely..And couertly with Grekis ben allyed.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.2 Merch.(Hrl 2255)189 : Sith in accord confederat been they too..I erryd foule to speke of straungenesse Of tweyne allyed.
- c1450(c1405) Mum & S.(2) (Add 41666)529 : Þe fikelle freres were..alied to Mvm in many maniere wises And eeke ful partie.
- a1500(?a1430) ?Hoccl.7 Joys Virg.(Cmb Kk.1.6)60 : Þe noumbr pleyne & hole Of seyntus..al in oon alyeed.
- a1500(c1450) Idley Instr.(Arun 20)2.B.2720 : Most fowlyst lechery..As with commen women to ly þem bye, And synfully with þem to be buown and alyed.
c
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.616 : Me were leuere dye Than I yow sholde to hasardours allye.
2.
To join in marriage: (a) ~ to, to get married to (sb.); ~ in..blod, marry into a family; -- refl. or intr.; (b) ben allied, be connected (by marriage), be related; have relatives or kinsmen; high allied, of distinguished family; fig. nigh (next) allied, intimately related or akin; (c) refl. become related (to sb.).
Associated quotations
a
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.3945 : With hire he [her father] yaf ful many a panne of bras, For that Symkyn sholde in his blood allye.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1414 : Ye shullen rather swich a thyng espien Than I, and where me beste were to allien.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.133 : Þe kyng sister of France Henry allied [F esposé avait] him to.
- c1475(?c1451) Worcester Bk.Noblesse (Roy 18.B.22)17 : He [Henry V]..allied hym to the Frenshe king Charlis vjte is doughter.
b
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)1499 : It was to him gret prou & honour To be in such mariage alied to þe emperour.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)1682 : How that he newly was allyed With Adrastus.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)134/8 : Prestre Iohn and þe Grete Caan..er euermare alyed togyder thurgh mariage, for ayther of þam weddez oþer doghter or oþer sister.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.6225 : Diogenes, trewe heir and next allied To wilful pouert be iust enheritaunce.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)8.3181 : Arthour & Modrede Be blood allied, in werkyng most contrarie.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1284 : The kynges son of Cartage..Aliet vnto Lamydon by his lefe suster.
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)2.1280 : Þat grete dignyte Of youre blood rial -- I trowe that not boorn his she In al þis world wich is so hy allyed.
- (1473) RParl.6.70a : They..been so myghty, and so alyed and frended in the seid Shire, that [etc.].
- a1500(?a1430) ?Hoccl.7 Joys Virg.(Cmb Kk.1.6)63 : Heyle ful of grace! moste nye to god alyed, And next hymself honowred!
- a1500 12 PTrib.(2) (Rwl C.894)400 : All þo þat arne alyed to þe by kynred or by affynite.
c
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)89/14 : Lete marye your doghtre..and ye shall alie you with sume goode kyng.
3.
(a) To enter into or engage in combat; attack; ~ unto, ~ til (sb.); -- refl. or intr.; (b) to get together, rally; -- refl.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.24 : Whan þei com to bataile..Alfride vnto Rollo sone gan him alie [F a Rollo se lie].
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.194 : If he [Saladin] & þou [Richard] alone myght ȝow togider alie, He myght..of þe wynne þe maistrie.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)13029 : Til hym ful faste Beofs allied [Rwl: Beus til him fast was alied].
b
- ?a1400 Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Petyt 511)5424 : Eft alied þam wele [Lamb: Syn relied his men agayns].
- ?a1400 Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Petyt 511)13844 : Þei alied þam [F se rasamblerent] at þer [standard].
4.
(a) Cook. To combine or mix (ingredients), esp. so as to bind them; ~ togeder, ~ up; refl. to form a thick mass; cp. alaien; (b) fig. combine (deeds and suffering) for the better.
Associated quotations
a
- 1381 Pegge Cook.Recipes (Dc 257)107 : Alyth wyth eyryn..Aly yt wyth amydon and wyth eyryn wel pykke [read: þykke].
- (a1399) Form Cury (Add 5016)24 : Take ȝolkes of ayren and þe broth and alye it togedre.
- (a1399) Form Cury (Add 5016)84 : Alye up þe fruyt þerwiþ.
- ?c1425 Arun.Cook.Recipes (Arun 334)427 : Let hom [pesen] boyle tyl thai a-lye homself.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)17 : Take þe mylke..boyle it, and when yt komyth on hy, alye it with wyne.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)19 : A-lye it vppe with þe mylke of Almaundys & make hem chargeaunt.
- a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sln 1986)11 : Take almondes..and grynd; Temper hom with rede wyne..Alye hit up with floure of ryce.
- a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sln 1986)50 : Drawȝe alyoure of browne crust..To alye þis sew.
b
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)3028 : Bot herebert, before he dyed, In lang sekenes his dede alyed [L infirmitate decoquitur].
5.
Miscell. uses: (a) allied, linked together, associated; (b) ~ to, adhere or agree to (sth.); (c) of property: ~ to, belong to (sb.); (d) ~ in prisoun, imprison; (e) smear (sb. with blood); cp. alaien.
Associated quotations
a
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.2351 : Whan discord & false discencioun Allied ben in hertis.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.5457 : To a mater meynt with hevynes Acordeth wel a chere of drerynes To ben allyed.
- c1440(?a1375) Abbey HG (Thrn)57/15 : Curtasye..Symplese..þay two alyede to-gedir thorowe felawchipe are sekyre and semande.
- (c1450) Boothe be ware (CotR 2.23)p.228 : Ye be ychone with tresoun aliede.
- a1500(1445) ?Lydg.Marg.Entry (Hrl 3869)35 : Trouth and mercy to gedre ben allied.
b
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)3190 : Yche lede by the last aliet þerto [i.e. a suggestion] And assentid to his saw.
c
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.248 : Now is non of age of his ancestrie May haf his heritage, to whom it salle alie.
d
- a1450(1414) Whanne alle a kyngdom (Dgb 102)103 : Þerfore þe fals þe false fede, Til trouþe in preson be faste alyȝede.
e
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)2206 : Ȝif he wald..slen his children tvay, & alien his childer wiþ þe blode.
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)2342 : He tok þat blode, þat was so briȝt, & alied þat gentil kniȝt.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1400 Roy.17.A.3 Artist.Recipes (Roy 17.A.3) 236/8 : Alye togider þe swarf and þe lym and þe drastis togider and make þerof..a round bal.
Note: Additional quot., sense 4.(a).