In recent years, China has achieved the “rise of economy”, which shows the hegemonic behavior to change the current situation by force in the political and secure fields including the South China Sea issue. Meanwhile, regional integration and free trade is promoted by China’s leadership in economic field. Whether it has been named as hegemony or leadership in above ways, the rising of great power tends to accompany expansionist diplomacy that trying to expand its influence and rules to other countries and regions.

Studies of the rising Chinese diplomacy were increasingly well-documented, but some of them just analyzed the reasons of Chinese expansionist diplomacy, which mainly focused on China’s “push factors”. However, it is still poor understood whether neighboring countries react to China’s behavior passively or not. In the present paper, relations between China and Pakistan from the viewpoint of Pakistan side will be further discussed.

The ambition and willingness of China is a necessary prerequisite in Chinese expansionism diplomacy. Therefore, this paper will discuss the following parts. First of all, existing research has focused on “push factor” of China’s side which explained “why China expands” and “how to expand”. Nevertheless, this approach didn’t take account into the reaction of target countries, which was closely related to the Chinese expansionism diplomacy could be accepted. Secondly, the “push factor” of the China’s side has been reported to play an important role in the development of China’s expansion. And the “pull factor” from the target country’s side may also contribute to its expansion.

The present paper reviewed the Sino-Pak relations, and then analyzed the “pull factors” of Pakistan side that influenced the development of China’s expansionist diplomacy. Together, unlike the “push factor”, which emphasized China’s diplomatic strategy and hegemonic ambition about Chinese expansionism diplomacy, this paper indicated that we should not overlook the “pull factor”, which Pakistan spontaneously depended on China due to the difficulties of domestic and foreign affairs in the country. Specifically, it was assumed that the “pull factor” led to the expansion of China, and how far target countries accept its expansion as well. Based on the studies about the diplomacy of rising China, it seems reasonable to assume that “push factor” complementing by “pull factor”.

パキスタンの水資源確保のためにインダス川に建設が計画されているのがカーラーバーグ・ダムである。小論の目的は同ダムが1960年代に着工が予定されていたにもかかわらず，いまだ計画段階のままとどまっている背景を明らかにすることにある。小論では同ダム建設計画の展開と建設反対派の動向を概観した後，現計画を形作った2000年代のムシャッラフ政権の取り組みと建設反対派への対応，政党の同計画への姿勢，計画をめぐるパキスタン国内の言説も検討した。そのなかで，計画停滞の背景にスィンド・パンジャーブ両州間の水配分争いを中心とした連邦・州，州間の不信感と相互の信頼醸成努力の欠如があり，これらの克服は容易でない点を指摘した。また，政治への介入を繰り返してきたパキスタン軍は水利計画にも利害関係を有しているために同ダム計画を後押ししてきたが，近年同ダム以外の水利計画の選択肢が増えたために優先順位が下がったことも背景として指摘した。