strive

English[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈstɹaɪv/
Audio (US) (file)
Rhymes: -aɪv

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle English striven (“to strive”), from Old French estriver (“to compete, quarrel”), from Frankish *strīban (“to exert, make an effort”) from Proto-Germanic *strībaną, or from Frankish *stribēn (“to strive”) from Proto-Germanic *stribāną.

Verb[edit]

strive (third-person singular simple present strives, present participle striving, simple past strove or strived, past participle striven or strived or (nonstandard, colloquial) strove)

To try to achieve a result; to make strenuous effort; to try earnestly and persistently.
He strove to excel.

We strive for the truth.
- 1946 May and June, J. Alan Rannie, “The Midland of 35 Years Ago”, in Railway Magazine, page 200:
  Though the writer has striven to dwell on aspects that have passed, or are passing away, it will be apparent that many features of Midland practice have been adopted as standard for the L.M.S.R. and other railways.
- 2021 January 13, Christian Wolmar, “Read all about London's Cathedrals of Steam”, in RAIL, number 922, page 62:
  Moreover, on several occasions, terminus stations such as Nine Elms, Bishop's Bridge, Maiden Lane and Bishopgate were built rather further away from the centre of London, only to be dispensed with as the various railway companies strove to get as near as possible to the lucrative markets of the City and the West End.
To struggle in opposition; to be in contention or dispute; to contend; to contest.
to strive against fate
- 1668, John Denham, “On the Earl of Strafford’s Tryal and Death”, in Poems and Translations, with The Sophy, 4th edition, London: […] [John Macock] for H[enry] Herringman […], →OCLC:
  Now private pity strove with public hate, / Reason with rage, and eloquence with fate.
- 1906, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], Time and the Gods‎^[1], London: William Heineman, →OCLC, page 7:
  We have met this new thing that has come upon the earth and have striven against its armies, but could not drive them forth; and the new thing is beautiful but very angry, and is creeping towards the gods.
To vie; to compete as a rival.
- 1667, John Milton, “Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:
  [Not] that sweet grove
  Of Daphne, by Orontes and the inspired
  Castalian spring, might with this paradise
  Of Eden strive.

Usage notes[edit]

This often occurs as a catenative verb that takes the to infinitive. See Appendix:English catenative verbs
The strong or irregular forms "strove" and "striven" are more commonly used in print than "strived".

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of strive

2nd-person singular	strive
infinitive	(to) strive
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	strive	strove, strived
3rd-person singular	strives
plural	strive

subjunctive	strive	strove, strived

imperative	strive	—

participles	striving	striven, strived, strove (nonstandard, colloquial)