'e

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "e"

English[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

A representation of the pronunciation of he by a speaker who does not use the voiceless glottal fricative or transition ([h]).

Pronoun[edit]

'e

  1. Pronunciation spelling of he.
See also[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

'e

  1. Alternative spelling of 'ee.

Guaraní[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

'e (active, transitive, irregular)

  1. say

Conjugation[edit]

Neapolitan[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • le (obsolete)

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Rhymes: -e

Etymology 1[edit]

From Latin de.

Preposition[edit]

’e

  1. of
  2. from (only with verb esse)

Etymology 2[edit]

From Latin illae.

Article[edit]

’e pl and f pl

  1. the

Pronoun[edit]

'e

  1. him (dative)
  2. her (dative)
  3. them (accusative)
Coordinate terms[edit]
Number Person Nominative Accusative Dative Reflexive Possessive Prepositional
singular first-person io (i') me mìo, mìa, mieje, meje me, méne
second-person, familiar tu te tùjo, tòja, tùoje, tòje te, téne
second-person, formal vuje ve vuósto, vósta, vuóste, vóste vuje
third-person, masculine ìsso 'o, 'u (lo, lu) 'i, 'e (li, le) se sùjo, sòja, sùoje, sòje ìsso
third-person, feminine éssa 'a (la) 'e (le) éssa
plural first-person nuje ce nuósto, nòsta, nuóste, nòste nuje
second-person, plural vuje ve vuósto, vòsta, vuóste, vòste vuje
third-person, masculine ìsse 'i, 'e (li, le) llòro se llòro (invariable) llòro
third-person, feminine llòro 'e (le)

See also[edit]

Old Tupi[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ʔe／*ʔi, from Proto-Tupian *kʔe (“to say, to do”).[1]

Cognate with Guaraní 'e.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

'e (possessable)

  1. verbal noun of 'e

Verb[edit]

'e (first-person singular active indicative a'é, first-person singular negative active indicative n'a'éî, first-person singular gerund gûi'îabo, noun 'e)(transitive, irregular)

  1. to say
    'e tenhẽ marã
    to talk nonsense
    • 1618, Antônio de Araújo, chapter IIII, in Cateciſmo na Lingoa Braſilica […], Livro Primeiro da Doctrina Christam (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon: Pedro Crasbeeck, page 23v:
      Marã ey peacê caraîbebe / O ar oana mong-etabo?
      [Marã e'ipe asé, karaibebé o arôana mongetábo?]
      What should people say when talking to their own guardian angel?
  2. to pray
    Synonyms: îeruré, tupãmongetá
  3. to enunciate
    • 1618, Antônio de Araújo, chapter I, in Cateciſmo na Lingoa Braſilica […], Livro Primeiro da Doctrina Christam (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon: Pedro Crasbeeck, page 18:
      Aipô tecò angaipàba robayara / Nã ey
      [Aîpó tekoangaîpaba robaîara nã e'i.]
      The opposite of those sins are thus enunciated.
  4. to decide to; to determine
  5. to conclude (to come to a conclusion)
    • 1622, Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume II (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 16; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:
      Amojucapotauĩ cecou reâ aê.
      [Amõ îukapotá ûĩ sekóû a'é.]
      I conclude that he wants to kill someone.
  6. to wish; to have the intention to
    • 1595 [1555], Joseph of Anchieta, chapter XVI, in Arte de grammatica da lingoa mais vſada na coſta do Braſil (overall work in Portuguese), Coimbra: Antonio de Mariz, page 55v:
      […] aicôcatû taçóne ibácupeyába […] aiur, taxepói naui jaborua […]
      [ […] aîkokatu t'asóne ybakype ûi'îabo […] aîur ta xe poî na ûi'îabo ruã […] ]
      I do well, wishing to go to heaven. […] I come, having no intention to be fed by them.
  7. to mean; to signify (to convey a meaning)
    • 1618, Antônio de Araújo, chapter VI, in Cateciſmo na Lingoa Braſilica […], Livro Primeiro da Doctrina Christam (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon: Pedro Crasbeeck, page 31v:
      Mará ey pe acê opiape? / Aipo oyâbo ixupe?
      [Marã e'ipe asé o py'ape aîpó o'îabo i xupé?]
      What do people mean in their core saying this to her?
  8. to think; to suppose; to assume; to judge
    Synonyms: mo'ang, 'ea'ub
    • 1622, Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume II (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 86; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:
      Oçoipôrea ae
      ["Osó ipó re'a" a'é]
      He must have gone, I assume

Verb[edit]

'e (first-person singular active indicative a'é, first-person singular negative active indicative n'a'éî, first-person singular gerund gûi'îabo, noun 'e)(intransitive, irregular)

  1. (auxiliary with gerund) syntactic marker for emphasis; do
    • 1595 [1555], Joseph of Anchieta, chapter XVI, in Arte de grammatica da lingoa mais vſada na coſta do Braſil (overall work in Portuguese), Coimbra: Antonio de Mariz, page 56:
      […] aêcepiáca […]
      [ […] a'é sepîaka […] ]
      I do see him.

Conjugation[edit]

    Conjugation of 'e (transitive and intransitive, irregular) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)
Singular Singular & Plural Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person exclusive 1st person inclusive 2nd person
Verbal forms
Active
Indicative a'é eré e'i oro'e îa'e peîé
Permissive t'a'e t'eré t'e'i t'oro'e t'îa'e ta peîé
Imperative eré peîé
Negative indicative n'a'eî n'eréî n'e'î n'oro'eî n'îa'eî na peîéî
Negative permissive t'a'e umẽ t'eré umẽ t'e'i umẽ t'oro'e umẽ t'îa'e umẽ ta peîé umẽ
Negative imperative eré umẽ peîé umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative gûi'îabo e'îabo o'îabo oro'îabo îa'îabo pe'îabo
Negative gûi'ee'yma
na gûi'îabo ruã 		e'ee'yma
na e'îabo ruã 		o'ee'yma
na o'îabo ruã 		oro'ee'yma
na oro'îabo ruã 		îa'ee'yma
na îa'îabo ruã 		peîee'yma
na pe'îabo ruã
Causative
Indicative aîmo'e ereîmo'e oîmo'e oroîmo'e îaîmo'e peîmo'e
Permissive t'aîmo'e t'ereîmo'e t'oîmo'e t'oroîmo'e t'îaîmo'e ta peîmo'e
Imperative eîmo'e peîmo'e
Negative indicative n'aîmo'eî n'ereîmo'eî n'oîmo'eî n'oroîmo'eî n'îaîmo'eî na peîmo'eî
Negative permissive t'aîmo'e umẽ t'ereîmo'e umẽ t'oîmo'e umẽ t'oroîmo'e umẽ t'îaîmo'e umẽ ta peîmo'e umẽ
Negative imperative eîmo'e umẽ peîmo'e umẽ
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative 'e
Negative 'ee'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative xe 'eû i 'eû oré 'eû îandé 'eû
Negative xe 'ee'ymi i 'ee'ymi oré 'ee'ymi îandé 'ee'ymi

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Beatriz Carretta Corrêa da Silva (2010) Mawé/Awetí/Tupí-Guaraní: relações linguísticas e implicações históricas (in Portuguese), Brasília: UnB, page 409, line 178

Samoan[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

'e

  1. Alternative form of ʻe

Sardinian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Aphetic form of de.

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA(key): /e/

Preposition[edit]

'e

  1. Aphetic form of de

Tahitian[edit]

Article[edit]

'e

  1. it is

Usage notes[edit]

Used in front of common nouns.

See also[edit]

Particle[edit]

'e

  2. A vocative particle, used for direct address.

See also[edit]

West Frisian[edit]

Determiner[edit]

'e

  1. Form of de, used before one-syllable prepositions ending in a consonant.
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