キュニコス派とは - わかりやすく解説 Weblio辞書

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キュニコス派

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 (2023/07/12 09:41 UTC 版)

キュニコス派（キュニコスは、英語: Cynicism、古代ギリシア語: κυνισμός）とは、アンティステネスを開祖とするヘレニズム期のギリシア哲学の一学派。小ソクラテス学派の一つ。犬儒派（けんじゅは）とも呼ばれる^[1]^{[注釈 1]}。

脚注

注釈

^ このほか、外来語音韻に由来するキニク派やシニシズムといった表記も見られる^[2]。

出典

^ コトバンク「キュニコス派」ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典の解説より。
^ 駒澤大学法科大学院「教養は若者にとっては気品である」公式ブログ、2012年3月27日
^ コトバンク「キュニコス学派」世界大百科事典第2版の解説より。
^ Laërtius & Hicks 1925, VI:23; Jerome, Adversus Jovinianum, 2.14.
^ ^a ^b Dudley 1937, p. 117
^ Kynikos, "A Greek-English Lexicon", Liddell and Scott, at Perseus
^ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 13. Cf. The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature, 2nd edition, p. 165.
^ ^a ^b 広辞苑（第5版） 1998年
^ An obscure reference to "the Dog" in Aristotle's Rhetoric (3.10.1411a25) is generally agreed to be the first reference to Diogenes.
^ Diogenes of Sinope, quoted by Stobaeus, Florilegium, iii. 13. 44.
^ Christian August Brandis, Scholium on Aristotle's Rhetoric, quoted in Dudley 1937, p. 5
^ Long 1996, p. 28
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Kidd 2005
^ Long 1996, p. 29
^ ^a ^b Navia, Luis E. Classical Cynicism: A Critical Study. pg 140.
^ Adamson, Peter (2015) (英語). Philosophy in the Hellenistic and Roman Worlds. Oxford University Press. pp. 14. ISBN 978-0-19-872802-3
^ ^a ^b Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 2, 71; Dio Chrysostom, Orations, viii. 26-32; Pseudo-Lucian, Cynicus, 13; Lucian, De Morte Peregrini, 4, 33, 36.
^ ^a ^b Orlando Patterson: Freedom. p. 186
^ Long 1996, p. 34
^ Lucian, Dialogues of the Dead, 21
^ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 70
^ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 63
^ Diogenes Laërtius, vii. 121
^ Cynics - The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
^ David Mazella, (2007), The Making of Modern Cynicism, University of Virginia Press. ISBN 0-8139-2615-7
^ Cynicism, The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. Fourth Edition. 2006. Houghton Mifflin Company.
^ Bertrand Russell, A History of Western Philosophy, page 231. Simon and Schuster.
^ R. Martin, The Scythian Accent: Anacharsis and the Cynics, Bracht Branham & Goulet-Cazé 1996
^ Plato, Apology, 41e.
^ Xenophon, Apology, 1.
^ Epictetus, 3.22
^ Aristotle, Politics (Aristotle): bk 2, 1268b
^ Veblen, 1994[1899]: 162
^ Jon Ploug Jørgensen, The taming of the aristoi - an ancient Greek civilizing process? History of the Human Sciences: July 2014 vol. 27 no. 3, pg 42-43
^ Dudley 1937, p. 1
^ Bracht Branham & Goulet-Caz? 1996, p. 6
^ Xenophon, Symposium, 4.57-64.
^ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 2
^ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 15-18
^ Prince 2005, p. 79
^ Navia 1996, p. 40
^ Xenophon, Symposium, 4.34.
^ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 20-21
^ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 6, 18, 21; Aelian, x. 16; Epictetus, Discourses, iii. 22. 63
^ Long 1996, p. 45
^ Dudley 1937, p. 2
^ Prince 2005, p. 77
^ Sarton, G., Ancient Science Through the Golden Age of Greece, Dover Publications. (1980).
^ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 23; Jerome, Adversus Jovinianum, 2.14
^ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 34
^ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 66
^ Long 1996, p. 33
^ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 85, 87; Epictetus, Discourses, iii. 22. 63
^ Long 1996, p. 46
^ Although there is no mention in ancient sources of them actually begging. Cf. Doyne Dawson, (1992), Cities of the gods: communist utopias in Greek thought, page 135. Oxford University Press
^ Plutarch, Symposiacs, 2.1; Apuleius, Florida, 22; Julian, Orations, 6.201b
^ Diogenes Laërtius, i. 15, vi. 105, vii. 2, etc
^ Schofield 1991
^ Bracht Branham & Goulet-Cazé 1996, p. 13
^ Cicero, De Officiis, i. 41.
^ Dudley 1937, p. 124
^ Lucian, De Morte Peregrini, 3
^ Lucian, Fugitivi, 16.
^ Aelius Aristides, iii. 654-694
^ Seneca, De Beneficiis, vii.
^ Lucian, De Morte Peregrini.
^ Lucian, Demonax.
^ Epictetus, Discourses, 3. 22.
^ Epictetus, Discourses, 3. 22. 23
^ Epictetus, Discourses, 3. 22. 80
^ Dudley 1937, p. 202
^ Julian, Oration 6: To the Uneducated Cynics; Oration 7: To the Cynic Heracleios.
^ Damascius, Life of Isidorus: fragments preserved in the Commentary on Plato's Parmenides by Proclus, in the Bibliotheca of Photius, and in the Suda.
^ ^a ^b Dudley 1937, pp. 209–211
^ ^a ^b Leif Vaage, (1994), Galilean Upstarts: Jesus' First Followers According to Q. TPI
^ F. Gerald Downing, (1992), Cynics and Christian Origins. T. & T. Clark.
^ In particular, Menippus (3rd century BC), Meleager (1st century BC), and Oenomaus (2nd century AD), all came from Gadara.
^ Quoted in R. Ostling, Who was Jesus?", Time, August 15, 1988, pages 37-42.
^ John Dominic Crossan, (1991), The Historical Jesus: The Life of a Mediterranean Jewish Peasant, ISBN 0-06-061629-6
^ Craig A. Evans, Life of Jesus Research: An Annotated Bibliography, page 151. BRILL
^ F. Gasco Lacalle, (1986) Cristianos y cinicos. Una tificacion del fenomeno cristiano durante el siglo II, pages 111-119. Memorias de Historia Antigua 7.
^ Dio Cassius, Epitome of book 65, 15.5; Herodian, Roman History, 1.9.2-5
^ Lucian, De Morte Peregrini, 10-15
^ Origen, adv. Cels. 2.41, 6.28, 7.7; Basil of Caesarea, Leg. Lib. Gent. 9.3, 4, 20; Theodoret, Provid. 6; John Chrysostom, Ad. Op. Vit. Monast. 2.4, 5
^ Augustine, De Civitate Dei 14.20
^ Leif E. Vaage, (1990), Cynic Epistles (Selections), in Vincent L. Wimbush, Ascetic Behavior in Greco-Roman Antiquity: A Sourcebook, pages 117-118. Continuum International
^ Zuckerman, Phil (2007). Martin, Michael T. ed. The Cambridge companion to atheism. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. p. 56. ISBN 0-521-84270-0 2011年4月9日閲覧。