Formation and preservation processes of mountain permafrost in Tateyama Mountains, the northern Japanese Alps, central Japan

Kotaro FUKUI

doi:10.5331/seppyo.66.187

立山での山岳永久凍土の形成維持機構

福井幸太郎

著者情報

キーワード: 山岳永久凍土, 立山, 内蔵助カール, 梅雨, 豪雪

ジャーナルフリー

2004 年 66 巻 2 号 p. 187-195

DOI https://doi.org/10.5331/seppyo.66.187

詳細

発行日: 2004/03/15 受付日: 2004/01/07 J-STAGE公開日: 2009/08/07 受理日: 2004/02/13 早期公開日: - 改訂日: -
訂正情報
訂正日: 2009/08/07 訂正理由: - 訂正箇所: 所属機関情報訂正内容: Wrong :
1) National Institute of Polar Research, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Research

Right :
1) National Institute of Polar Research, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Research

訂正日: 2009/08/07 訂正理由: - 訂正箇所: 引用文献情報訂正内容: Wrong : Fukui, K., 2003a : Investigating mountain permafrost distribution by ground temperature measurements in the Tateyama Mountains, the northern Japanese Alps, central Japan. Z. Geomorph. N. F., 130, 179-193.
Fukui, K., 2003b : Permafrost and surface movement of an active protalus rampart in the Kuranosuke Cirque, the Northern Japanese Alps.VIII. International Conference on Permafrost, Zurich, Proceedings, 1, 265-270.
French, H., 1996 : The Periglacial Environment 2nd Edition. New York and London, Longman, 341pp.
Harris, C., Haeberli, W., Vonder Mühll, D. and King, L., 2001 : Permafrost monitoring in the high mountains of Europe: the PACE project in its global context. Permafrost and Periglac. Process., 12, 3-11.
Hinkel, K. M., Outcalt, S. I. and Nelson, F. E., 1993 : Near-surface summer heat transfer regimes at adjacent permafrost and non-permafrost sites in central Alaska. VI. International Conference on Permafrost, Beijing, Proceedings, 1, 261-266.
Ishikawa, M. and Sawagaki, T., 2001 : GIS-simulation of the spatial distribution of snow cover and observed ground temperatures in the Daisetsu mountains, Japan. Norsk Geogr. Tidsskr., 55, 212-218.
Nakayama, T., Sone, T. and Fukuda, M., 1993 : Effects of climatic warming on the active layer. VI. International Conference on Permafrost, Beijing, Proceedings, 1, 488-493.
Ono, Y. and Watanabe, T., 1986 : A protalus rampart related to alpine debris flows in the Kuranosuke cirque, Northern Japanese Alps. Geogr. Ann., 68A, 213-223.
Sone, T., Takahashi, N and Fukuda, M., 1988 : Alpine permafrost occurrence at Mt. Taisetsu, central Hokkaido, in northern Japan. V . International Conference on Permafrost, Trondheim, Proceedings, 1, 253-258.
Weller, G., 1998 : Regional impacts of climate change in the Arctic and Antarctic. Ann. Glaciol.,27, 543-552.
Yoshida, M., Yamamoto, K., Higuchi, K., Iida, H., Ohata, T. and Nakamura, T., 1990 : First discovery of fossil ice of 1000-1700 year B. P. in Japan. J. Glaciol., 36, 258-259.

Right : Fukui, K., 2003a : Investigating mountain permafrost distribution by ground temperature measurements in the Tateyama Mountains, the northern Japanese Alps, central Japan. Z. Geomorph. N. F., 130, 179-193.
Fukui, K., 2003b : Permafrost and surface movement of an active protalus rampart in the Kuranosuke Cirque, the Northern Japanese Alps.VIII. International Conference on Permafrost, Zurich, Proceedings, 1, 265-270.
French, H., 1996 : The Periglacial Environment 2nd Edition. New York and London, Longman, 341pp.
Harris, C., Haeberli, W., Vonder Mühll, D. and King, L., 2001 : Permafrost monitoring in the high mountains of Europe: the PACE project in its global context. Permafrost and Periglac. Process., 12, 3-11.
Hinkel, K. M., Outcalt, S. I. and Nelson, F. E., 1993 : Near-surface summer heat transfer regimes at adjacent permafrost and non-permafrost sites in central Alaska. VI. International Conference on Permafrost, Beijing, Proceedings, 1, 261-266.
Ishikawa, M. and Sawagaki, T., 2001 : GIS-simulation of the spatial distribution of snow cover and observed ground temperatures in the Daisetsu mountains, Japan. Norsk Geogr. Tidsskr., 55, 212-218.
Nakayama, T., Sone, T. and Fukuda, M., 1993 : Effects of climatic warming on the active layer. VI. International Conference on Permafrost, Beijing, Proceedings, 1, 488-493.
Ono, Y. and Watanabe, T., 1986 : A protalus rampart related to alpine debris flows in the Kuranosuke cirque, Northern Japanese Alps. Geogr. Ann., 68A, 213-223.
Sone, T., Takahashi, N and Fukuda, M., 1988 : Alpine permafrost occurrence at Mt. Taisetsu, central Hokkaido, in northern Japan. V . International Conference on Permafrost, Trondheim, Proceedings, 1, 253-258.
Weller, G., 1998 : Regional impacts of climate change in the Arctic and Antarctic. Ann. Glaciol.,27, 543-552.
Yoshida, M., Yamamoto, K., Higuchi, K., Iida, H., Ohata, T. and Nakamura, T., 1990 : First discovery of fossil ice of 1000-1700 year B. P. in Japan. J. Glaciol., 36, 258-259.

抄録

飛騨山脈北部の立山は豪雪かつ多雨という特異な気候環境下にある.ここでは,永久凍土が一年の大半を積雪に覆われるカール内の北向き斜面に分布しているが,その形成維持機構は不明であった.そこで,永久凍土が分布しているカール内と分布していない稜線付近の2地点で2000～2002年にかけて地中温度,降水量,土壌水分の無人観測を行い,両地点の地中温度状況の比較から,永久凍土の形成維持機構を検討した.稜線付近では梅雨期の降水の浸透により地下深部まで熱が速やかに運ばれ,凍土の急速な融解を引き起こす.故に永久凍土が分布できる環境にない.一方,カール内では,10月下旬～11月上旬の積雪から露出している時期に生じる速やかな凍結と1～5月の積雪を冷源とした凍結により凍土が形成,冷却され,夏遅くまで残る積雪により凍土は一年の大半を融解から免れる.このため,カール内では永久凍土が形成維持される.

責任著者(Corresponding author)

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