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The effects of adjacent land use on wetland species richness and community composition

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Abstract

Wetlands provide important ecosystem functions and values, such as wildlife habitat, water filtration and flood protection. Wetland plant communities play a fundamental role in maintaining these functions but are thought to be increasingly threatened by human modifications of the landscape, such as deforestation and road construction. Here, we examine the quantitative relationships between two dependent variables (plant species richness, community composition) and a set of independent variables describing land use (e.g., forest cover, road density, and building density). As independent variables, we further include wetland characteristics that may be related to landuse practices (e.g., area and nutrient status). Wetland size is the most important predictor of both total plant species richness and the species richness within most functional groups. In addition, landscape properties, such as forest cover, presence of streams and nutrient status of water and sediment are significant predictors of plant species richness. Adjacent land use 250–300 m from the wetland affects plant diversity. Differences in the land-use-diversity relationship among different plant functional groups suggest that adjacent land use affects wetland plant communities in two important ways. First, it alters the abundance and distribution of propagules in adjoining habitats. Second, it alters the number of dispersal routes. Our results suggest that current management practices are inadequate and that regulation of adjacent land use is a critical component of wetland conservation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick at Saint John, P.O. Box 5050, K1N 6N5, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada

    Jeff E. Houlahan & Kristina Makkay

  2. Ottawa-Carleton Institute of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, K1N 6N5, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

    Paul A. Keddy

  3. Edward G. Schlieder Endowed Chair for Environmental Studies Department of Biological Sciences, Southeastern Louisiana University Hammond, 70402, Louisiana, USA

    C. Scott Findlay

  4. Institute of Environment, University of Ottawa, 555 King Edward Street, K1N 6N5, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

    C. Scott Findlay

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  1. Jeff E. Houlahan
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  2. Paul A. Keddy
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  4. C. Scott Findlay
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Correspondence to Jeff E. Houlahan.

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Houlahan, J.E., Keddy, P.A., Makkay, K. et al. The effects of adjacent land use on wetland species richness and community composition. Wetlands 26, 79–96 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2006)26[79:TEOALU]2.0.CO;2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2006)26[79:TEOALU]2.0.CO;2

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