ライフサイエンスコーパス: kelp

1 us to evaluate the sentinel status of giant kelp, a coastal foundation species that thrives in cold,

2 Changes in kelp abundance showed no direct relationship to seawater

3 o comprehensive global analysis of change in kelp abundances currently exists.

4 tury to assess regional and global trends in kelp abundances.

5 ied the depth distribution and production of kelp along the Greenland coast spanning Arctic to sub-Ar

6 For two key marine species (kelp and sea urchins), we use oceanographic modelling to

7 Here, we show that giant kelp and the majority of species that associate with it

8 ources provided by foundational plant (e.g., kelp) and animal (e.g., shellfish) species.

9 icrobial community characteristic of healthy kelps appears to be lost when hosts become stressed.

10 Canopy-forming kelps are a natural coastal dosimeter that can measure t

11 Brown algae of the Laminariales (kelps) are the strongest accumulators of iodine among li

12 Fesh kelps contained highest levels, reaching >1.0% per dry w

13 The depth limit of 10% kelp cover was 9-14 m at the northernmost sites (77-78 m

14 fish herbivory pose a significant threat to kelp-dominated ecosystems in Australia and, potentially,

15 esults challenge the general perception that kelp-dominated systems are highly vulnerable to extreme

16 atened California sea otters, the ability of kelp-dwelling snails to transmit terrestrially derived p

17 ion in the effects of these drivers dominate kelp dynamics, in contrast to many other marine and terr

18 ed bacterial and archaeal communities on the kelp Ecklonia radiata from three biogeographical provinc

19 s of sea otters and the co-occurring loss of kelp, even if not a single sea cow had been killed direc

20 , and macroalgae (primary producer) in giant kelp forest communities indicated the presence of top-do

21 evels represent a significant input into the kelp forest ecosystem.

22 n coastal marine ecosystems, particularly in kelp forest systems, than is commonly thought.

23 Kelp forests (Order Laminariales) form key biogenic habi

24 reef communities, which lost their defining kelp forests and became dominated by persistent seaweed

25 100-kilometer range contraction of extensive kelp forests and saw temperate species replaced by seawe

26 n two stable states: luxuriant, species-rich kelp forests and sea urchin-dominated "barrens." The tra

27 has been responsible for the destruction of kelp forests and the formation of 'urchin barrens', a ro

28 a series of trophic cascades that eliminated kelp forests and then brought them back again as fishers

29 Although local evidence suggests that kelp forests are increasingly threatened by a variety of

30 Classic marine ecological paradigms view kelp forests as inherently temperate-boreal phenomena re

31 t although global drivers could be affecting kelp forests at multiple scales, local stressors and reg

32 recent disappearance of key habitat-forming kelp forests from a warming tropical-temperate transitio

33 set of species abundances for 46 species in kelp forests from the California Channel Islands with sa

34 ses significant risks for the persistence of kelp forests in the future.

35 once complex ecosystems like coral reefs and kelp forests into monotonous level bottoms, transforming

36 -flow and habitat diversity, an expansion of kelp forests may exert cascading effects on the coastal

37 rocky subtidal reefs known to support giant kelp forests near Santa Barbara, CA, USA, were analyzed

38 Kelp forests occurred along the entire latitudinal range

39 n have shaped shallow marine ecosystems from kelp forests to coral reefs.

40 discovery of expansive deep-water Galapagos kelp forests validate the extent of deep-water tropical

41 ng macroalgal biomass in southern California kelp forests, and that lobster fishing does not always c

42 mechanism, using information on sea otters, kelp forests, and the recent extinction of Steller's sea

43 In North-eastern Pacific kelp forests, the starfish Pycnopodia helianthoides is k

44 gical processes, suppressing the recovery of kelp forests.

45 ic marine ecosystems such as coral reefs and kelp forests.

46 ole for these fishes in maintaining reefs in kelp-free states by removing kelp recruits.

47 -1), levels greater than those measured from kelps from Japan and Canada prior to the release.

48 g period, we show how herbivory increased as kelp gradually declined and then disappeared.

49 the consumption of CO2 during strong algal (kelp) growth in spring and summer.

50 The predictability of deep-water kelp habitat and the discovery of expansive deep-water G

51 Predicted tropical kelp habitats were most probable in regions where bathym

52 ored submerged (30- to 200-m depth) tropical kelp habitats.

53 senic species in Saccharina latissima (sugar kelp) have been studied.

54 agilis to approach its preferred food (giant kelp) in the dp-FOCE chamber (-0.46 pH units) and a cont

55 As kelps increase carbon-flow and habitat diversity, an exp

56 Highly productive annual kelps (Laminariales) replace less productive perennial s

57 ropods, and sea urchins) that graze on giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) microscopic stages.

58 wledge of transcript diversity for the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, and assess gene expression a

59 In addition to kelps, other brown (Fucales: approximately 0.05% DW) and

60 For kelp, poleward connectivity among pairs of MPAs tended t

61 l model that accurately identifies all known kelp populations and, by using the same criteria, predic

62 ral data coverage, and the dynamic nature of kelp populations.

63 other expected impacts of climate change on kelp, poses significant risks for the persistence of kel

64 or (relative to summer water temperature) of kelp production along the latitude gradient, explaining

65 a major part (up to 47%) of the variation in kelp production.

66 depth extension and 80% of the variation in kelp production.

67 re too warm and nutrient-depleted to support kelp productivity and survival.

68 aining reefs in kelp-free states by removing kelp recruits.

69 s validate the extent of deep-water tropical kelp refugia, with potential implications for regional p

70 arming off southern California despite giant kelp's expected vulnerability.

71 whose main structuring species is the annual kelp Saccorhiza polyschides.

72 For coastal vegetation (e.g., kelp, seagrass, marsh, and mangroves) it has been well d

73 macrophyte production via trophic cascades (kelps, seagrasses, intertidal algae).

74 er bite rates by this group at sites without kelp, suggesting a key role for these fishes in maintain

75 depth of minimum annual irradiance dose for kelp survival.

76 of algae including diatoms, pelagophytes and kelps, that possess plastids derived from red algae.

77 e, we build and analyze a global database of kelp time series spanning the past half-century to asses

78 currently, fish communities from sites where kelp was originally abundant but subsequently disappeare

79 ides were common, S. purpuratus was rare and kelp was persistent, whereas where mean annual temperatu

80 exceeded 14 degrees C, P. helianthoides and kelp were rare and S. purpuratus abundant.

81 thereby support the prediction that northern kelps will play a larger role in the coastal marine ecos

82 opical herbivores that consumed transplanted kelp within hours at these sites.