ライフサイエンスコーパス: germ

1 antibody-like reagent against mycosis, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) was linked to the effector Fc regi

2 However, wheat germ agglutinin-detectable N-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc)

3 Fumonisins were concentrated in the germ and pericarp at a rate of 322% and 188% (lot 1) and

4 ionship was found between calcium content in germ and steeping time used during nixtamalization proce

5 es of this enzyme, we used a cell-free wheat germ-based expression system in which mRNA encoding FERO

6 ays a novel and important role in primordial germ cell (PGC) development and that ephrinB1 (efnb1) is

7 nheritance correlates with higher primordial germ cell (PGC) survival probability.

8 hway links the environment and proliferative germ cell accumulation.

9 sms of MRLs and their physiological roles in germ cell and neural development, oncogenic functions in

10 Autoimmune responses to meiotic germ cell antigens (MGCA) that are expressed on sperm an

11 g miR-471-5p in Sertoli cells show increased germ cell apoptosis and compromised male fertility.

12 the human fetal testis and alteration of the germ cell biology.

13 routine follow-up, 98% in the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group good prognosis grou

14 gulators that are enriched at the primordial germ cell cytoplasmic bridge to ensure its stability dur

15 Germ cell death occurs in many species [1-3] and has bee

16 ous spermatogonial death and reduces overall germ cell death.

17 Vasa is a key germ cell determinant in many animal species and is posi

18 tic germ cells by Sertoli cells is vital for germ cell development and differentiation.

19 ion by NRF1 and epigenetic modulation during germ cell development and unequivocally demonstrate a no

20 Germ cell development involves major reprogramming of th

21 pecific endosiRNAs present during primordial germ cell development.

22 hese de novo mutations occurred during early germ cell development.

23 e small non-coding RNAs essential for animal germ cell development.

24 for embryonic development and regulates male germ cell development.

25 ryonic cell transcription factor 1) in mouse germ cell development.

26 namic, changing size at precise times during germ cell development.

27 ptibility, consistent with failed primordial germ cell differentiation as an initiating step in oncog

28 However, germ cell differentiation resumed after ceasing the abla

29 otic arrest complex, to transcripts for male germ cell differentiation.

30 onal TOPBP1 deletion during pachynema causes germ cell elimination associated with defective X chromo

31 ucing apical ES degeneration, which leads to germ cell exfoliation from the seminiferous epithelium.

32 resistance to infection through the receptor germ cell expressed (gce).

33 These findings suggest that Nanos promotes germ cell fate by downregulating maternal RNAs and prote

34 st development for competency for primordial germ cell fate.

35 imal species and is posited to control avian germ cell formation.

36 XY iPSCs can be differentiated into the male germ cell lineage and functional sperm that can be used

37 the asymmetric division that segregates the germ cell lineage.

38 erm cells by actively excising and digesting germ cell lobes.

39 itiate expression of mesoderm and primordial germ cell markers asymmetrically on the embryonic and ex

40 nables distinct spatiotemporal regulation of germ cell migration.

41 roven testicular tumors (benign or malignant germ cell or stromal tumors).

42 ptor, Trapped in endoderm 1 (Tre1), mediates germ cell polarization at the onset of active migration

43 Transcriptomic analyses of these successive germ cell subtypes reveals dynamic transcription of over

44 s known about how the choice is made between germ cell survival and death.

45 re, we focus on the mechanisms that regulate germ cell survival during embryonic development in Droso

46 s who were 17 years or older, diagnosed with germ cell testicular cancer, and previously treated with

47 adverse drug reaction in adult patients with germ cell testicular cancer.

48 Germ cell transcripts POU5F1, TFAP2C, LIN28A, ALPP and K

49 Purpose Patients with relapsed metastatic germ cell tumor (GCT) can be cured with second-line and

50 enome-wide association studies of testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT; 3,558 cases and 13,970 controls)

51 scents with intermediate-risk (IR) malignant germ cell tumors (MGCT) if the administration of cisplat

52 nderstanding of susceptibility to testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs), but much of the heritability r

53 icancer drug for the treatment of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs).

54 Germ cell tumors of the ovary constitute less than one p

55 Malignant germ cell tumors were identified in 2.8% (31 of 1097) of

56 wide spectrum of human neoplasms, including germ cell tumors, high-grade and low-grade carcinomas an

57 5% CI 20.9-27.5]) and lowest in survivors of germ cell tumours (14.0 [11.5-16.6]).

58 cells (PGCs), as well as the suppression of germ cell tumours in mice.

59 platin and carboplatin are used primarily in germ cell, breast and lung malignancies, oxaliplatin is

60 ipt levels in several tumor tissues, such as germ cell, breast, and ovarian tumors, with in the latte

61 (c.1297_8ins353, p.K433Rins31*) in the male germ cell-associated kinase (MAK) gene (39% of families

62 lies like Drosophila, the ancestral receptor germ cell-expressed (gce) gene has duplicated to yield t

63 falciparum proteins prepared using the wheat germ cell-free system (WGCFS).

64 We find that the decision to die is a germ cell-intrinsic process linked to quantitative diffe

65 rating that NHE8's role in spermiogenesis is germ cell-intrinsic.

66 ly reported ChIP-seq datasets for primordial germ cell-like cells and E18.5 small intestine, combined

67 timulated by retinoic acid gene 8 (Stra8), a germ cell-specific gene activated during meiotic commitm

68 (TSTRs) and associated with highly expressed germ cell-specific genes and histone retention in mature

69 ith distinct developmental states, including germ cell-specific genes.

70 Germ cell-specific, but not Sertoli cell-specific Nhe8 d

71 ration in triggering meiotic checkpoints and germ-cell death.

72 ghts piRNA deficiency or actually drives the germ-cell demise.

73 Analysis of adult Mov10l1(-/-) germ-cell fractions indicated a stage-specific increase

74 ntinue indefinitely, because of its immortal germ-cell lineage.

75 tem cells (ESCs) and gonad-derived embryonic germ cells (EGCs) represent two classic types of pluripo

76 e dysgenetic areas, with more ectopic SC and germ cells (GC) than DBP-FW treatment; DBP-LW induces no

77 Human primordial germ cells (hPGCs), the precursors of sperm and eggs, or

78 The migration of primordial germ cells (PGCs) from their place of origin to the embr

79 In animals, primordial germ cells (PGCs) give rise to the germ lines, the cell

80 The migration of primordial germ cells (PGCs) is a useful model for studying this pr

81 ave profiled the transcriptome of primordial germ cells (PGCs) lacking the nanos homologs nos-1 and n

82 omatin modifications occur in the primordial germ cells (PGCs) of emergent starved L1 larvae that cor

83 the translational activity in the primordial germ cells (PGCs) of the sea urchin embryo (Strongylocen

84 1 is required for the survival of primordial germ cells (PGCs), as well as the suppression of germ ce

85 c cells and, strikingly, to early primordial germ cells (PGCs).

86 the DDX4 (vasa) locus in chicken primordial germ cells (PGCs).

87 constructed by transplantation of primordial germ cells (PGCs).

88 o AURK isoforms (AURKA and AURKB), mammalian germ cells also express a third, AURKC.

89 ly manipulated GSC depletion, E(z) knockdown germ cells also fail to replenish lost GSCs.

90 ession pattern that is primary restricted to germ cells and aberrantly reactivated in various cancers

91 (CTCF&BORIS) or BORIS alone (BORIS-only) in germ cells and in BORIS-positive somatic cancer cells.

92 ritable L1 insertions may therefore arise in germ cells and in pluripotent embryonic cells, prior to

93 PLAG1 was sparsely expressed in germ cells and in Sertoli cells.

94 ed to support cell adhesion and transport of germ cells and organelles (e.g., residual bodies, phagos

95 ion into late primordial germ cells, meiotic germ cells and ovarian follicles.

96 condensate (CSC) causes molecular defects in germ cells and phenotypic effects in their offspring.

97 ialized region of the oocyte that prefigures germ cells and specifies the germline of descendants in

98 ombinant human GDF9 and BMP15, these meiotic germ cells are further induced to form ovarian FLCs, inc

99 f two modes: a likely ancestral mode wherein germ cells are induced during embryogenesis by cell-cell

100 oocyte to embryo, genetic programs in mouse germ cells are reshaped by chromatin remodeling to orche

101 ich the fittest, strongest, or least damaged germ cells are selected for transmission to the next gen

102 g (induction) or a derived mechanism whereby germ cells are specified by using germ plasm-that is, ma

103 Male and female germ cells are usually produced during spermatogenesis a

104 impaired LAP-mediated clearance of apoptotic germ cells as miR-471-5p transgenic mice show lower leve

105 rational inheritance by invading presumptive germ cells before they are formed.

106 cells interact with and regulate primordial germ cells by actively excising and digesting germ cell

107 P.Although phagocytic clearance of apoptotic germ cells by Sertoli cells is essential for spermatogen

108 Phagocytic clearance of apoptotic germ cells by Sertoli cells is vital for germ cell devel

109 sential for efficient clearance of apoptotic germ cells by Sertoli cells using LAP.Although phagocyti

110 Our data showed that germ cells cultured with 5H-purin-6-amine could maintain

111 Germ cells develop as a cyst of interconnected sibling c

112 The beta-TrCP-deficient male germ cells did not enter meiosis, but instead underwent

113 enesis, a process through which haploid male germ cells differentiate into spermatozoa, represents an

114 events that characterize the development of germ cells during fetal life as they commit to, and prep

115 ent, Arf-null mice are blind, and their male germ cells exhibit defects in meiotic maturation and spe

116 piRNA-deficient mice, L1-overexpressing male germ cells exhibit excessive DNA damage and meiotic defe

117 We show that mouse and human germ cells exhibit non-canonical X dosage states that di

118 We hypothesized that germ cells express negative regulators of nucleic acid s

119 Somatic gonadal precursor cells and germ cells fail to proliferate fully and complete their

120 sophila oocyte defines where the abdomen and germ cells form in the embryo.

121 ly, DPY-21 also associates with autosomes of germ cells in a DCC-independent manner to enrich H4K20me

122 trans-epithelial migration of the primordial germ cells in early embryos.

123 Two broadly known characteristics of germ cells in many organisms are their development as a

124 Germ cells in most animals are connected by intercellula

125 developmental accumulation of proliferative germ cells in the C. elegans hermaphrodite is sensitive

126 verexpression rescues clearance of apoptotic germ cells in the testes of Mertk (-/-) mice it fails to

127 adotropes of the pituitary and in Leydig and germ cells in the testes, but at very low levels in Sert

128 Whether X dosage compensation occurs in germ cells is unclear.

129 ine (Aub) maintains genome integrity in late germ cells of the Drosophila ovary through Piwi-associat

130 In mammalian females, germ cells remain arrested as primordial follicles.

131 unctions, and speculates as to why mammalian germ cells require expression of three AURKs instead of

132 Inactivation of PRC1 in male germ cells results in the gradual loss of a stem cell po

133 M was more strongly expressed in human fetal germ cells than in somatic cells.

134 Bombyx mori BmN4 cells are culturable germ cells that equip the piRNA pathway.

135 could increase true SSC concentration within germ cells to 1.96-fold.

136 data suggest that E(z) acts intrinsically in germ cells to activate dedifferentiation and thus replen

137 tivates the GLP-1/Notch receptor on adjacent germ cells to maintain germline stem cell fate.

138 roalgal life cycles - from the production of germ cells to the growth and fertility of the adult orga

139 rgeted and reversible ablation of premeiotic germ cells undergoing differentiation into oocytes in tr

140 er proteins regulates clearance of apoptotic germ cells via LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP).

141 To find the components, germ cells were cultured with comprehensive natural plan

142 d its expression promotes spermatogenesis in germ cells when they are present in a male soma.

143 During aging, germ cells with reduced E(z) activity cannot meet that r

144 at SMG-1 mainly acts in mitotically dividing germ cells, and during late embryonic and larval develop

145 on in the dermal papilla, the secondary hair germ cells, and the epidermis.

146 are required for normal piRNA biogenesis in germ cells, are dispensable.

147 A-binding proteins specifically expressed in germ cells, DAZL and BOULE, regulate the exit from pluri

148 7 exhibits male-specific expression in early germ cells, germline stem cells and spermatogonia in ins

149 em cell differentiation into late primordial germ cells, meiotic germ cells and ovarian follicles.

150 lean switch from mitosis to meiosis in mouse germ cells, revealing a conserved role for YTHDC2 in thi

151 compartment, which surrounds the nucleus of germ cells, suggesting that sequestration of RNA to this

152 Surprisingly, germ cells, which do not arise from the CE, were also af

153 genetic features of closed chromatin in male germ cells, which suggests that CNVs may repress recombi

154 the mitosis-meiosis transition in mouse male germ cells.

155 matin upon sex differentiation in developing germ cells.

156 ites (BORIS) are simultaneously expressed in germ cells.

157 ovaries can result in further rapid loss of germ cells.

158 autophagy member proteins to clear apoptotic germ cells.

159 of gamete arise from the same precursor, the germ cells.

160 and in adult post-mitotic and proliferative germ cells.

161 ist of two cell lineages - somatic cells and germ cells.

162 e-encoding mature mRNA isoform in Drosophila germ cells.

163 associated with hypoadenylated mRNAs (e.g., germ cells/neurons) and/or limiting cytoplasmic PABP (e.

164 ooth germs while their maxillary molar tooth germs completed morphogenesis.

165 This research studied the influence of the germ components on the physicochemical properties of coo

166 ents an intermediate between short- and long-germ development, ideal for comparative study of PRGs.

167 res ancestral to arthropods, including short germ embryogenesis.

168 st blocks to both Escherichia coli and wheat germ extract translation systems, whereas N2-methylguano

169 In this article, we show that germ-free (GF) and Toll-like receptor-2 (Tlr2)-deficient

170 tributes to tumor distribution, we generated germ-free (GF) Apc(Min/+) and Apc(Min/+) ;Il10(-/-) mice

171 crobiota in specific pathogen-free (SPF) and germ-free (GF) mice given more than 40 unique diets; we

172 typically, and functionally compared between germ-free (GF), specific pathogen-free, and GF mice reco

173 Here we demonstrate that germ-free adult pregnant mice inoculated with a gut micr

174 Oral tolerance was induced by DNFB gavage in germ-free and mice deficient in several TLRs.

175 ective role was observed in conventional and germ-free animal facilities, indicating that it does not

176 ystem, with for example the observation that germ-free animals harbor a poorly developed intestinal i

177 endent manner, as assessed by antibiotic and germ-free approaches.

178 intestinal microbiota by oral antibiotics or germ-free condition can prevent arthritis in mice.

179 ated with certain antibiotics or raised in a germ-free environment.

180 st variation in colonization when individual germ-free flies were fed their own natural commensals (i

181 on tissue sections from immunocompromised or germ-free hosts, chronically infected hosts where the ti

182 We used germ-free mice (GF) to assess visceral sensitivity, spin

183 Restoring the microbiota of germ-free mice abrogated this protection.

184 llus reuteri This species induced DP IELs in germ-free mice and conventionally-raised mice lacking th

185 duced mechanical hyperalgesia was reduced in germ-free mice and in mice pretreated with antibiotics.

186 rance induced by DNFB gavage was impaired in germ-free mice and TLR4-deficient mice.

187 Germ-free mice are protected from CCM formation, and a s

188 A higher proportion of germ-free mice live to 600 days than their conventional

189 nterparts, and macrophages derived from aged germ-free mice maintain anti-microbial activity.

190 ith a favorable gut microbiome as well as in germ-free mice receiving fecal transplants from respondi

191 er, in vivo administration of NOD1 ligand to germ-free mice restored the numbers of hematopoietic ste

192 s or mice (IBD, metabolic syndrome, etc.) to germ-free mice was found to be sufficient to transfer so

193 Young adult specific-pathogen-free and germ-free mice were used to delineate the commensal micr

194 Co-housing germ-free mice with old, but not young, conventionally r

195 By colonizing adult germ-free mice with the cecal contents of neonatal and a

196 hted by anatomical and functional changes in germ-free mice, affecting the gut epithelium, immune sys

197 diabetic mice; when transferred to recipient germ-free mice, oral microbiota from IL-17-treated donor

198 ve effects were lost in both Ifnar1(-/-) and germ-free mice, revealing essential roles for type I int

199 al bacterial composition and, by transfer to germ-free mice, that the oral microbiota of diabetic mic

200 ensal colonization in antibiotic-treated and germ-free mice, using cultured commensals from the Actin

201 DP IELs are absent in germ-free mice, which suggests that their differentiatio

202 sed mice, but provide no growth advantage in germ-free mice.

203 bial origin since no formate was detected in germ-free mice.

204 or after the introduction of microbiota into germ-free models.

205 Further, germ-free neonates had reduced skin Tregs indicating tha

206 ed in specific-pathogen-free conditions into germ-free Nlrp12-deficient mice showed that NLRP12 and t

207 m cancer patients who responded to ICIs into germ-free or antibiotic-treated mice ameliorated the ant

208 gnificant decrease in serum triglycerides in germ-free rats fed a high sugar diet compared to convent

209 that critically ill humans never exist in a germ-free state.

210 Investigations included an intestinal germ-free study and a C15:0/C17:0 diet dose response stu

211 ferences in the number of secretory cells in germ-free zebrafish and their conventional counterparts,

212 erved a broad convergence of interactions of germ granule and P body mRNP components on AIN-1/GW182 a

213 he CCR4-NOT complex, decapping and decay, or germ granule proteins.

214 ly disordered N-terminal 236 residues of the germ-granule protein Ddx4.

215 and identify a functional continuum between germ granules and P bodies in the C. elegans embryo.

216 se the proteins involved in the formation of germ granules to coalesce into liquid droplets.

217 tomesenchymal cells that surrounds the tooth germ in early stages of tooth development.

218 degree of mineralization of permanent tooth germs in dental age assessment has been an area of inter

219 ptome of small groups of cells from a single germ layer and to retain spatial information, dorsal and

220 Our results indicate that germ layer induction in the zebrafish tailbud is not a s

221 ormation and ingression, known mechanisms of germ layer internalisation.

222 e critical molecular signaling inputs during germ layer specification in bilaterian metazoans, but th

223 sensory placode specification, ciliogenesis, germ layer specification).

224 des evidence that the endoderm was the first germ layer to evolve.

225 Germ-layer formation during gastrulation is both a funda

226 b-group proteins, which coordinate embryonic germ-layer formation in response to extraembryonic cues.

227 Overall, these results lead to a model of germ-layer formation in which, upon N-cadherin expressio

228 avoidance as an unexplored mechanism driving germ-layer formation.

229 cation, leading to the formation of distinct germ layers and specialized tissues.

230 n, the relative mRNA expression in the three germ layers and the trophoblast was abnormal in the EBs

231 y-active somatic cells derived from separate germ layers can be interconverted.

232 rived organoids with components of all three germ layers have been generated, resulting in the establ

233 iotemporal pattern of gene expression across germ layers provides evidence that the endoderm was the

234 eposited as pillars between widely separated germ layers, namely the somitic mesoderm and the endoder

235 tency and commit to multiple lineages in all germ-layers.

236 CH1/FBXW7 (N/F) mutations and RAS/PTEN (R/P) germ line (GL) were classified as oncogenetic low risk (

237 l IgE production was quantified with epsilon germ line (IGHE) transcripts and correlated with serum I

238 Mice with reduced VGF levels in the germ line (Vgf+/-) or in dHc (AAV-Cre-injected floxed mi

239 are the most recent entrants into the human germ line and are transcriptionally active.

240 activity is important in the nervous system, germ line and intestine.

241 Patients underwent searches for germ line and somatic mutations using next-generation se

242 ble analyses of the role of Cdk5 in GVHD, as germ line Cdk5 gene deletion is embryonically lethal.

243 e MAGE gene family that is expressed in male germ line cells and placenta under normal physiological

244 rprisingly, dramatically affected by the non germ line encoded portions of CDR3 of the T cell recepto

245 te the antiquity of some, and possibly most, germ line HHV-6 integrations, the majority of ciHHV-6B (

246 ere able to assign a causal or likely causal germ line mutation in 86 patients (48.0%), involving a t

247 Conversely, germ line mutations in GATA2 are associated with GATA2 d

248 or ETAA1 in this process by surveying random germ line mutations in mice using exome sequencing and b

249 Germ line mutations of the gene encoding the tricarboxyl

250 NOD2 mutations, apart from 1 patient with a germ line NLRP3 p.V198M substitution.

251 Genetic analysis revealed neither germ line nor somatic NLRP3, TNFRSF1A, NLRC4, or NOD2 mu

252 Germ line Notch2(COIN) inversion phenocopied the Notch2H

253 Here, we show that knockdown of Hop in the germ line nurse cells (GLKD) of Drosophila ovaries leads

254 As individuals with germ line predisposition to hematologic malignancies are

255 ation as well as disease progression such as germ line predisposition, inflammation, and aging.

256 o the accumulation of gamma-H2Av foci in the germ line, indicating increased DNA damage in the ovary.

257 cific AHA-variable regions were mutated from germ line-derived sequences and displayed a high sequenc

258 teracting RNAs (piRNAs) are 26-30-nucleotide germ line-specific small non-coding RNAs that have evolu

259 ous isoform in all tissues (LIG3alpha) and a germ line-specific splicing isoform (LIG3beta) that diff

260 , specifically in the lineage leading to the germ line.

261 e movement of mobile genetic elements in the germ line.

262 eplication of mobile genetic elements in the germ line.

263 sex chromosomes may be specific to the male germ line.

264 lular differentiation and maintenance of the germ line.

265 ing germ plasm-that is, maternally specified germ-line determinants (inheritance).

266 nd mutations during affinity maturation, the germ-line IG loci are also diverse across human populati

267 iments with purified recombinant iPLA2gamma, germ-line iPLA2gamma(-/-) mice, cardiac myocyte-specific

268 Germ-line knockouts of CCR2 or treatment with an anti-CC

269 Conversely, germ-line loss of E2f1 or E2f3b, but not E2f3a, protecte

270 tic mutations contribute little to the human germ-line mutation rate.

271 Germ-line mutations in components of the Ras/MAPK pathwa

272 Heterozygous germ-line mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein ty

273 Whether germ-line or somatic alterations in these genes or other

274 Germ-line pathogenic variants in components of the H2AUb

275 that gene expression remains inactive in the germ-line precursors during adverse conditions.

276 ng with diploid spermatogonia, which include germ-line stem cells, and ending with haploid spermatozo

277 roach that enables us to model the effect of germ-line variation on tissue-specific gene expression i

278 rimordial germ cells (PGCs) give rise to the germ lines, the cell lineages that produce sperm and egg

279 n chronological age and the formation of the germ of the second lower premolar (r=0.67; p<0.001).

280 of non-transgenic corn and their fractions (germ, pericarp, endosperm, cornmeal and grits), collecte

281 that could explain the repeated evolution of germ plasm and propose potential consequences of the inh

282 , whereby Tahre retroelements traffic to the germ plasm by mimicking oskar RNAs and engaging the Stau

283 as been hypothesized that the acquisition of germ plasm confers enhanced evolvability, resulting from

284 Consistent with this, germ plasm determinants attracted retroelement RNAs even

285 The causes of the shift to germ plasm for PGC specification in some animal clades r

286 in germ plasm inheritance, such that higher germ plasm inheritance correlates with higher primordial

287 rocess linked to quantitative differences in germ plasm inheritance, such that higher germ plasm inhe

288 Here, we consider reasons why germ plasm might be neither a direct target of selection

289 ey ensure selection of the PGCs with highest germ plasm quantity and least cellular damage.

290 Together, these results suggest that germ plasm targeting represents a fitness strategy adopt

291 e classes of retrotransposons migrate to the germ plasm, a specialized region of the oocyte that pref

292 s, and resulting in high speciation rates in germ plasm-containing lineages (denoted herein as the "P

293 sm whereby germ cells are specified by using germ plasm-that is, maternally specified germ-line deter

294 ed that calcium carbonate is formed into the germ structure to 2.1 w/w of calcium hydroxide and 9h st

295 on wounded hosts, but significantly promoted germ tube elongation and sclerotium production.

296 morphology, characterized by emergence of a germ tube from the yeast cell followed by mold-like grow

297 es pombe Germinating spores develop a single germ tube that emerges from the outer spore wall in a pr

298 e enriched in the spore body relative to the germ tube.

299 pmental arrest of the mandibular molar tooth germs while their maxillary molar tooth germs completed

300 nogaster Whereas Drosophila embryos are long-germ, with segments specified more or less simultaneousl